AUTHOR=Xiao Ning , Xu Xingli , Ma Zhiyue , Yu Xiaoxu , Feng Yong , Li Bilan , Liu Yuping , He Gang , Fan Jiangang , Li Bin , Zhao Xiaolong 

TITLE=Sleep quality was associated with adverse reactions after coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination among healthcare workers: A longitudinal paired study

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience

VOLUME=Volume 16 - 2022

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/behavioral-neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnbeh.2022.867650

DOI=10.3389/fnbeh.2022.867650

ISSN=1662-5153

ABSTRACT=Background：
Many countries now have relied on the various types of vaccines for the public to control COVID-19 pandemic. The adverse reactions (ARs) after vaccination may affect the vaccination coverage and confidence. However, whether the sleep quality was associated with the ARs after vaccination remains unclear. 
Methods: 
We designed a longitudinal paired study within a hospital setting. We collected data about the side effects within 7 days after two-dose schedule vaccination among healthcare workers (HCWs). All HCWs were asked to complete sleep survey indexed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) before vaccination and after one-month following up. We then explored the relationship between the sleep quality before or after vaccination and the occurrence of ARs.
Results: 
A total of 345 HCWs were recruited to receive COVID-19vaccination. The sleep quality became poorer after vaccination. All local and systemic reactions were mild or moderate in severity (32.46%) and no serious adverse event was reported. Binary logistic regression showed participants with poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5) than good sleep quality (PSQI ≤5) before two dose vaccination respectively exhibited 1.515 and 1.107 times risk of ARs after each vaccination (both p < 0.001). 
Conclusions: 
There is an apparently complex bidirectional relationship between sleep quality and COVID-19 vaccination adverse effects. Poor sleep quality significantly increases the risk of mild ARs after vaccination, while vaccination may cause a temporary decline in sleep quality.