AUTHOR=Berlin Richard , Gruen Russell , Best James 

TITLE=Systems Medicine Disease: Disease Classification and Scalability Beyond Networks and Boundary Conditions

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

VOLUME=Volume 6 - 2018

YEAR=2018

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/bioengineering-and-biotechnology/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2018.00112

DOI=10.3389/fbioe.2018.00112

ISSN=2296-4185

ABSTRACT=Abstract:
In order to accommodate the forthcoming wealth of health and disease related information, from genome to body sensors to population, the approach to disease description and definition demands re-examination.  Traditional classification methods remain trapped in historical profile; systems science which describes dynamic processes, adaptive response, and asynchronous communication channels must address disease in terms consistent with systems engineering. [1]
Disease is to be viewed beyond the thresholds of lines and boundaries; it is not only the result of reductionist, mechanistic categories which reluctantly face re-composition.  Disease is process and synergy as Systems Biology proceeds to Systems Medicine, no longer confined to a single spatial biologic level or considered stationary despite fluctuation across simultaneous time in nanoseconds, minutes and years. [2] [3]