AUTHOR=Xu Manman , Zhang Yan , Wang Shuting , Jiang Guozhang 

TITLE=Genetic-Based Optimization of 3D Burch–Schneider Cage With Functionally Graded Lattice Material

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

VOLUME=Volume 10 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/bioengineering-and-biotechnology/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2022.819005

DOI=10.3389/fbioe.2022.819005

ISSN=2296-4185

ABSTRACT=Burch-Schneider(BS) cage is a reinforcement device used in total hip arthroplasty(THA) revision surgeries to bridge areas of acetabular loss. There have been variety of BS cages in market, which are made of solid metal. However, significant differences in structural configuration and mechanical behavior between bone and metal implant causes bone resorption and interface loosening, and hence lead to failure of implant in long-term. 
To address this issue, an optimal design framework for cellular BS cage was studied in this paper by genetic algorithm and topology optimization, inspired by porous human bone with variable holes. 
In this optimization, BS cage is constructed with functionally graded lattice material which gradually evolves to achieve better mechanical behavior by natural selection and natural genetics.
Clinical constraints that allows adequate bone ingrowth and manufacturing constraint that ensures the realization of optimized implant are considered simultaneously. 
Homogenization method is introduced to calculate effective mechanical properties of octet-truss lattice material in a given range of relative density. At last, comparison of the optimum lattice BS cage with fully solid cage and lattice cage with identical element density indicates the validity of optimization design strategy proposed in this paper.