AUTHOR=Sun Xu , Yang Shude , Tong Shuang , Guo Shu 

TITLE=Study on Exosomes Promoting the Osteogenic Differentiation of ADSCs in Graphene Porous Titanium Alloy Scaffolds

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

VOLUME=Volume 10 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/bioengineering-and-biotechnology/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2022.905511

DOI=10.3389/fbioe.2022.905511

ISSN=2296-4185

ABSTRACT=Titanium and titanium alloys (Ti6Al4V, Ti) have been widely used in bone tissue engineering to repair maxillofacial bone defects caused by traumas and tumors. However, such materials are also bio-inert, which does not match the elastic modulus of bone. Therefore, different surface modifications have been proposed for clinical application. The graphene-coated porous titanium alloy scaffold (Gr-Ti) not only reduces the elastic modulus of the material but also promotes cell adhesion and migration. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have strong multi-directional differentiation potential with high application value in tissue repair. Exosomes (Exos) play a regulatory role as extracellular vesicles in many physiological processes. Based on the use of traditional titanium alloy in the field of bone repair defects, we prepared a compound Gr-Ti scaffold with ADSC-derived Exos. The results showed that Gr-Ti scaffolds have low toxicity and good biocompatibility, which can promote the adhesion and osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs. Exos played a role in promoting osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs related to the Wnt signaling pathway. Lastly, Gr-Ti scaffolds with ADSCs and ADSC-derived Exos successfully repaired rabbit mandibular defects. This study provides a theoretical basis for the research and development of new clinical bone repair materials.