AUTHOR=Wei Xingxing , Wang Hui 

TITLE=Stochastic stratigraphic simulation using image warping from sparse data

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Built Environment

VOLUME=Volume 11 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/built-environment/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2025.1651919

DOI=10.3389/fbuil.2025.1651919

ISSN=2297-3362

ABSTRACT=Quantifying stratigraphic uncertainty is crucial for reliable risk assessment and informed decision-making in geotechnical and geological engineering. However, accurately modeling complex stratigraphy—especially in heterogeneous settings influenced by irregular deposition—remains a challenge, particularly with limited site data. This study introduces a novel solution, modeling stratigraphy as a categorical random field and using image warping to transform non-stationary random fields into stationary ones, facilitating fast and realistic stochastic simulation. The method demonstrates high accuracy and computational efficiency in capturing complex stratigraphic profiles with quantified uncertainty. Validation through synthetic and real-world cases confirms the approach’s reliability and applicability.