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        <title>Frontiers in Built Environment | Geotechnical Engineering section | New and Recent Articles</title>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/built-environment/sections/geotechnical-engineering</link>
        <description>RSS Feed for Geotechnical Engineering section in the Frontiers in Built Environment journal | New and Recent Articles</description>
        <language>en-us</language>
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        <pubDate>2026-05-12T17:53:14.824+00:00</pubDate>
        <ttl>60</ttl>
        <item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1819022</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1819022</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Activity characterization analysis of debris flow hazard: a case study of Dazhai Gully on Jinsha River in China]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Zihao Niu</author><author>Anchi Shi</author><author>Ping Wang</author><author>Xingrong An</author><author>Kai Jin</author><author>Shu Zhu</author><author>Xiangcheng Que</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Rainfall-triggered debris flows pose severe risks to lives and critical infrastructure, making rigorous characterization and evaluation essential. This study advances their characterization through an integrated qualitative–quantitative assessment of Dazhai Gully, a right-bank tributary of the Jinsha River adjacent to the Baihetan project. This research combines geomorphic mapping, deposit-stability analysis, rainfall reconstruction, flood-mark surveys, granulometry, and semi-empirical hydraulics to characterize activity and derive dynamics. The basin exhibits steep relief and valley morphology with abundant loose colluvium, landslide debris, and fluvial deposits. Dynamics parameters were analyzed and computed in detail indicating a low-frequency (30-year), extra-large, viscous, gully-confined, rainstorm-triggered system, with dilute headwater flows evolving to viscous surges via mid-lower-reach sediment supply. Despite potential declines in event frequency under conservation, the integrated analyses show that the catchment remains susceptible, and compound extremes of intense rainfall and strong earthquakes could still produce events larger than the 100-year design case. To reduce risks to infrastructure and public safety, a mitigation portfolio: “outlet diversion chute, Xiahongyan deposit stabilization, source-area treatments, check-dam roughening, and eco-engineering” is proposed. The study provides an engineering-grade dataset and workflow for design and model validation.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1820677</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1820677</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Microstructure evolution of collapsibility of thick loess treated with DDC piles: an in-situ experimental study]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-30T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Zhiyong Zhou</author><author>Lin Li</author><author>Yongtao Xie</author><author>Ruisong Zhang</author><author>Hui Tang</author><author>Wenbo Zheng</author><author>Shaoqing Yuan</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Downhole Dynamic Compaction (DDC) piles are the most widely used technique for the mitigation of loess foundation collapsibility. While previous studies have extensively verified their macro-mechanical improvement performance, the understanding of the underlying micro-scale mechanisms remains largely insufficient. This study focuses on the thick self-weight collapsible Malan loess (Q3) in Fu County, and adopts an integrated approach combining field compaction tests, laboratory collapsibility tests under water immersion, quantitative microstructural analysis, and Pearson correlation-random forest (RF) coupled modeling to reveal the evolution law of loess macro- and micro-properties under DDC compaction and elucidate the intrinsic mechanism of collapsibility elimination. The results show that, for a hole-forming diameter d = 0.4 m, a pile spacing H ≤ 1.4 m (i.e., ≤3.5 d) can reduce the collapsibility coefficient δs of inter-pile soil to below 0.015, achieving complete elimination of loess collapsibility. In contrast, a pile spacing of 1.5 m results in the failure of collapsibility elimination at multiple test points, which cannot meet the engineering requirements. From a microstructural perspective, the intensification of compaction effect drives the coating of skeletal particles by clay aggregates, the transition from unstable point contacts to stable face-to-face contacts, and the conversion of macropores (>32 μm) into mesopores (8–32 μm) and small pores (2–8 μm). Multivariate statistical analyses identify that total pore area is the dominant factor controlling loess collapsibility, followed by mesopore area ratio and void ratio. On this basis, the process of collapsibility elimination by DDC piles is conceptualized as three sequential stages: the compression and destruction of the original pore structure, followed by particle rearrangement and soil matrix densification, and finally the regularization of pore morphology and degradation of pore connectivity. These findings offer scientific guidance for geotechnical engineering practices in loess areas, contributing to the mitigation of water-related geotechnical risks and the promotion of sustainable construction development.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1725499</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1725499</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Hybrid intelligent modeling of excavation-tunnel interaction: integrating finite element analysis with optimized machine learning]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-09T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Mo Miaoxing</author><author>Li Zehua</author><author>Gu Wenchao</author><author>Liu Jiajun</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionFoundation pit excavation can induce deformation in adjacent existing tunnels and threaten their operational safety, especially in soft-clay strata. To address this issue, this study develops a hybrid intelligent framework for predicting excavation-induced tunnel displacements.MethodsUsing a deep excavation project in Hangzhou as a case study, finite element (FE) analyses were conducted to investigate tunnel deformation under different spatial configurations and to generate a displacement database in a dimensionless coordinate system. The sparrow search algorithm (SSA) was then used to optimize three machine-learning models, namely backpropagation neural network (BPNN), generalized regression neural network (GRNN), and random forest (RF). Model performance was evaluated using multiple statistical indices and k-fold cross-validation. Kernel density estimation (KDE) was further adopted to quantify prediction uncertainty.ResultsThe FE results showed that excavation-induced tunnel deformation depends strongly on tunnel position relative to the excavation. For laterally adjacent tunnels, both horizontal distance and burial depth significantly influenced deformation, while for underlying tunnels the response was dominated by vertical deformation caused by unloading-induced rebound. Among the three models, the SSA-BPNN model achieved the best predictive performance. For horizontal displacement (Dx), it achieved test-set R2 = 0.95 with RMSE = 0.199 mm; for vertical displacement (Dy), it achieved test-set R2 = 0.98 with RMSE = 0.363 mm. Compared with the other SSA-optimized models, the SSA-BPNN model reduced RMSE by 23% for Dx and 59% for Dy. Cross-validation results also confirmed its strong generalization ability.DiscussionThe proposed FE-ML framework provides an efficient and reliable tool for evaluating excavation-induced tunnel deformation under similar geotechnical and support conditions. The results also highlight the importance of considering both spatial tunnel location and uncertainty quantification in predictive modeling for excavation-tunnel interaction.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1779234</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1779234</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Evaluation of slope stability along NH-7 in India based on Hoek–Brown failure criterion using physics-informed neural networks]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-09T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Pratyusha Bandaru</author><author>Hemaraju Pollayi</author>
        <description><![CDATA[This article deals with modeling the slope stability along the NH-7 in India based on the Hoek–Brown failure criterion using physics-informed neural networks within a Python framework. The geodynamic nature of the Himalayan region makes the terrain prone to slope failure. In the present work, eight debris slopes (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, and L8) in Uttarakhand are considered between Rishikesh and Kaudiyala. The engineering parameters (Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, cohesion, friction angle, and unit weight) of the slope-forming materials are used for the stability analysis. Field photographs of the slopes are used to develop sliding surfaces. The surfaces are meshed with the finite element generator in Gmsh. A CSV file is generated with the mesh considering the defined boundary conditions. The Hoek–Brown failure criterion is implemented for assessing the slope stability, and physics-informed neural networks are used to incorporate the physical laws directly into the training process with the Adam optimizer (epochs = 1,000) to improve the accuracy and efficiency. The displacements, stresses, strains, principal stresses, principal strains, and shear strengths are calculated with this model for each slope, and the status is plotted (1: elastic, 2: plastic/failure). OriginPro (2025b) is used for visualizing the displacements, stresses, and other relevant parameters through the contour plots. The results showed that the slope materials are mainly comprised of well-graded sands, gravelly sands, with little or no plasticity and display no clay activity along with moderate cohesion (19.5–31.6 kPa) and internal friction angle (26.240 to 38.450). The slopes with the highest height and dip angle (L4 and L6) are critically stable with a strength reduction factor less than 1.0. Based on the above results, it is evident that the slope geometry has a more significant effect on the stability conditions of the slopes than the activity of swelling clay minerals. Finally, to increase the stability of the slopes, it is suggested that the installation of retaining/gabion walls along the toe, planting grass on the slope surface, and excavation at the crown part of the slope are possible stabilization measures.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1790923</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1790923</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Thermal performance of aquifer thermal energy storage system in different geological structures]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-02T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Hui Mao</author><author>Xiaoliang He</author><author>Lihan Huang</author><author>Zhao Wang</author><author>Qingfeng Li</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Geothermal energy has received widespread attention as a resource-rich, sustainable, and environmentally friendly clean energy source. As a promising solution for geothermal energy development, aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) technology has become a research focus. In-depth exploration of the application mechanisms, influencing factors, and optimization strategies of aquifer storage systems is crucial for improving storage effectiveness and promoting the widespread application of this technology. This paper establishes a three-dimensional numerical model of aquifer thermal energy storage systems and validates it using experimental data to study the effects of porosity, underground seepage velocity, load size, and reinjection temperature on storage characteristics. Results show that while higher porosity can accelerate heat transfer and expand storage range, it also increases heat loss; the optimal porosity for storage effectiveness is 0.4. Underground seepage direction significantly affects storage efficiency, with seepage opposing the pumping direction mitigating thermal breakthrough and improving storage performance. Under balanced winter-summer load conditions, larger heating and cooling loads and appropriate reinjection temperatures help improve storage efficiency, with reinjection temperatures of 28 °C/2 °C showing superior performance in both seasons. The study reveals key factors affecting underground aquifer thermal energy storage system performance, providing a theoretical basis for subsequent optimization.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1767777</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1767777</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Multifactorial analysis of drill pipe failure in horizontal directional drilling: a review]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-26T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Harishwaran R</author><author>Aslam Abdullah M</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Drill pipe failure during horizontal directional drilling is a common occurrence nowadays. Drill pipe, a common tool in the drilling process, plays an important role in the uninterrupted production and supply of oil and gas. Drill pipes are subjected to various types of loads and operate under diverse environmental conditions. The drill pipe failure is caused by decarburization, washout, grain boundaries, fatigue, bending moment, fracture, piercement, galling, axial forces, torque, torsional vibration, axial vibration, wear, and corrosion. These conditions can occur individually or in combination as a consequence of reducing the lifespan of drill pipe. The paper aims to examine the reasons for drill pipe failure and the methodology adopted to explore the same. Different aspects of each factor have been studied and discussed. This review leads to the conclusion that the failure is due to twelve major factors, and recommendations have been made to analyze them, depending on the type of failure.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1756475</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1756475</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Undrained capacity of offshore axially loaded piles with the CSUH model incorporating cylindrical cavity theory]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-02T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Xianlin Jia</author><author>Sai Fu</author><author>Kun Pan</author><author>Li Pang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Axially loaded piles are widely employed in deep-water offshore platforms, offshore wind turbine foundations, electrical-transmission towers, and bridge piers, and other structures to support axial loads. This paper presents a semi-analytical solution for predicting the undrained response of axial load piles using the unified hardening model for clays and sands (CSUH), incorporated within the framework of the cylindrical cavity theory. The soil around the pile is idealized as a cylindrical cavity. By combing the stress equilibrium equation, compatibility equation, boundary conditions, and the constitutive model, the soil state around the pile during loading is described as a system of first-order ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with unknown variables, which are solved as an initial value problem. The derived load-displacement (t-z) curve is then incorporated into the compression differential equation to determine the undrained capacity of the axially loaded piles. The proposed approach is validated with finite-element numerical simulation results. Additionally, results from a centrifuge test and a field test are compared with those predicted by the proposed approach. The comparisons demonstrate that the present approach can accurately predict the undrained load-displacement behavior of axially loaded piles, and capture key phenomena observed in pile tests.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1746551</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1746551</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Microstructural and strength analysis of lower Himalayan soil in Arunachal Pradesh using biomedical waste as additives]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-02-17T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Ajanta Kalita</author><author>Yachang Omo</author><author>Omem Paron</author><author>Pem Yangchin</author><author>Dinken Paksok</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The escalating generation of biomedical waste poses critical environmental and health challenges globally. This study investigates the sustainable utilization of shredded nitrile gloves (NG) and Plaster of Paris (POP) as stabilizing additives for silty sand soil from the landslide-prone Nirjuli-Banderdewa corridor in Arunachal Pradesh, India. Comprehensive geotechnical characterization included compaction tests, Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS), California Bearing Ratio (CBR), and advanced microstructural analysis using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX). Nitrile gloves were incorporated at 0.35%, 0.5%, and 1% by dry weight, while POP was added at 3%, 6%, and 9%. Results demonstrated that the optimal combination of 0.5% NG and 6% POP achieved a 109% increase in UCS and more than doubled both soaked and unsoaked CBR values compared to untreated soil. Microstructural analysis revealed enhanced particle bonding, reduced porosity, and improved fabric integrity through bridging mechanisms and cementitious gel formation. The stabilized soil meets IRC specifications for heavily trafficked road subgrades, demonstrating a viable circular economy approach for biomedical waste management while addressing geotechnical challenges in the seismically active Himalayan region.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1741990</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1741990</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Magnitude thresholds to evaluate damage caused by induced-seismicity earthquakes to earth dyke structures]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-02-11T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Jorge Macedo</author><author>Norman Abrahamson</author>
        <description><![CDATA[In seismic hazard analyses, it is common practice to consider only earthquakes with magnitudes greater than 5 while assuming that smaller events cannot damage engineered structures. However, this assumption may not hold for induced seismicity, where earthquakes often occur at very shallow depths with rupture distances of only a few kilometers. The steep attenuation of ground motions within the first 10 km in small-magnitude events can yield median short-period accelerations that exceed those predicted by conventional ground-motion models. The combination of higher ground-motion amplitudes and elevated earthquake rates challenges the assumption that earthquakes smaller than magnitude 5 cannot cause damage to earth structures. This study evaluates the damage potential of small-to-moderate (magnitudes 3–5) induced earthquakes occurring at shallow depths on the seismic performances of earth canal dykes. The earthquake scenarios and ground motions selected for the assessments represent features expected from induced seismicity associated with wastewater injection. For dykes with a yield acceleration of 0.1g, the results indicate that significant deformations (>10 cm) may occur during earthquakes with magnitudes between 3.0 and 4.0 at a rupture distance of about 3 km. The methodology presented herein also provides a framework for assessing the minimum threshold magnitudes of other engineered systems in regions affected by induced seismicity.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1752311</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1752311</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Coupled mechanisms of gravel skeleton structure and directional vibration attenuation in punching and squeezing dynamic compaction: insights from physical model test and DEM simulation]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-02-11T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Jianbin Xie</author><author>Yuchen Yang</author><author>Rong-Gu Jia</author><author>He Zhan</author><author>Yue Hu</author><author>Xuemin Zhang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Rapid growth of projects on high-fill sites under red clay and deep soft clayey foundations in Southwest China has exposed the limitations of conventional dynamic compaction in effective improvement depth and energy utilization. Punching and Squeezing Dynamic Compaction (PSDC) forms red clay–gravel composite piers through successive punching, backfilling and squeezing, offering potential advantages in deep densification; However, the mechanism of energy transmission and structural evolution remain unclear, constraining optimization of construction parameters and design. To address this gap, an integrated “Discrete element simulation–laboratory model testing–μCT 3D reconstruction” framework is established. Based on PFC3D with a Hertz contact model, impact-induced dynamic response and energy distribution were elucidated, and macro–meso consistency was verified against model tests and μCT-3D reconstructed piers, enabling systematic analysis of energy transfer, dissipation and skeleton reorganization under PSDC. Results show pronounced three-dimensional directional attenuation of impact energy: vertical transmission is the most efficient, the 45° oblique direction exhibits intermediate decay, and the horizontal direction attenuates rapidly with distance. Gravel content decisively governs energy pathways and skeletal architecture: a 60% gravel content produces continuous force chains, increases wave impedance, and concentrates energy at depth, promoting more effective compressive deformation and deep densification; in contrast, 50% gravel yields a more discrete skeleton, enhancing shallow random sliding, increasing sliding work, and promoting near-field dissipation. A directional attenuation model derived from a three-dimensional wavefront effectively fits the exponential decay of peak particle velocity with distance in the three directions and, for two representative gravel contents (50% and 60%), indicates a consistent chain linking gravel-skeleton connectivity, energy partitioning, and densification efficiency. These insights, obtained for 50%–60% gravel contents in high-fill red clay, illustrate how skeleton continuity regulates directional attenuation and densification, and they provide a basis for further extensions to broader mixture ratios and field scales.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1738079</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1738079</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Study on the initiation mechanism and motion characteristics of the Daguangbao landslide and the slope stability evaluation method]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-02-03T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Dejie Yu</author><author>Lei Liu</author><author>Yue Ding</author><author>Fan Yang</author><author>Xiangyu Zhang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Landslide triggered by earthquake has always been the hotspot due to its large scale, unique genesis, and complex kinematic processes. In this paper, the Daguangbao landslide in the 2008 Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake is selected as the research object. The initiation mechanism and motion characteristics of the Daguangbao landslide under seismic action are investigated, and the comprehensive evaluation method of slope stability is established. Firstly, a numerical model of the Daguangbao landslide is established according to the geological data before and after the earthquake. Secondly, the rock mass motion characteristics of Daguangbao landslide process are analyzed by FLAC3D, and the formation mechanism of landslide is explored by monitoring the displacement and velocity information of the slope during earthquake. Finally, a slope stability evaluation method is established based on the comprehensive weight and extension method. The stability evaluation of Daguangbao and other 10 slopes is carried out to verify the accuracy of the evaluation method. The specific conclusions are as follows: (i) Under the earthquake impact, displacement starts at the slope foot due to stress concentration, gradually spreading upward and peaking in the middle, causing vibration and fragmentation. (ii) The main sliding surface forms as friction resistance decreases between broken and downstream rock mass. The tension-shear action induced by the earthquake detaches the sliding body, causing high speed slides that accumulate under mountain barriers to form debris flow areas. (iii) The proposed evaluation method of slope stability has high accuracy and good prospects for engineering application.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2025.1680297</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2025.1680297</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Rainfall duration effect on slope stability of unsaturated silty sand soil]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-01-09T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Brief Research Report</category>
        <author>Bramantyo Eko Prabowo</author><author>Fitri Rachmayani</author><author>Glenn Adriel Adiguna</author><author>Abdul Halim Hamdany</author><author>Erly Bahsan</author><author>Martin Wijaya</author><author>Widjojo Adi Prakoso</author><author>Wiwik Rahayu</author><author>Nurly Gofar</author><author>Eriko Dewangga</author><author>Alfrendo Satyanaga</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Landslides and slope instability events in Indonesia frequently occur during the rainy season. The relationship between rainfall and landslide activity is closely linked to the ability of rainwater to infiltrate the soil, which in turn affects slope stability. The objective of this study is to assess the duration of water infiltration in unsaturated soil conditions. Soil samples were taken from the western region of Indonesia and classified as silty sand (SM). Advanced laboratory testing was conducted to obtain the unsaturated soil properties, including soil water characteristic curve (SWCC), shrinkage curve, unsaturated permeability, and unsaturated shear strength. Few studies have examined the influence of different rainfall durations on seepage and slope stability. In this study, numerical simulations include rainfall application on the ground surface for three different durations over 1 day, that is, 6-h, 12-h, and 24-h simulations. A groundwater table was located at a depth of 5 m from the surface. The simulation results reveal increases in the groundwater level and in pore-water pressure during infiltration. This event reduces the suction force in unsaturated silty sand soil, thereby decreasing the factor of safety (FoS) in slope stability. The most significant decrease in FoS occurs in the 6-h simulation, while the effect on the safety factor in the 24-h simulation is not significant. This occurs due to the high intensity of rain during the shorter rainy period. After the rainy conditions, the factor of safety gradually rises and stabilizes on the sixth day, reaching an FoS of 1.86. This work identifies areas where silt–sand lithology predominates, along with high rainfall intensity and landslide susceptibility, providing important information to guide mitigation measures.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2025.1719763</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2025.1719763</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Static load tests on footings supported by rigid inclusions]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-01-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Laurent Briançon</author><author>Fabien Szymkiewicz</author>
        <description><![CDATA[A series of full-scale static loading tests on square footings supported by rigid inclusions was conducted as part of the French research project ASIRI+. The primary objective of these experiments was to evaluate the impact of a load transfer platform (LTP) between the shallow foundation and rigid inclusions on the performance of the footing and enhanced soil. To achieve this, various loading configurations were examined, including vertical loading with and without eccentricity, as well as horizontal loading, across different structural scenarios—shallow foundations on soil, shallow foundations on reinforced soil with or without a load transfer platform, and rigid inclusions. The comprehensive data obtained from these experiments contribute to a deeper understanding of the load transfer mechanisms in reinforced soil, elucidating the function of each component and facilitating the calibration of numerical models.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2025.1717738</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2025.1717738</link>
        <title><![CDATA[A transparent soil modeling approach for investigating the performance of geosynthetic-encased granular columns in soft soils]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-01-06T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>A. M. P. V. Lima</author><author>F. H. M. Portelinha</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Laboratory-scale physical modeling has established itself as an effective technique for investigating mechanisms underlying geotechnical problems. Recently, the use of transparent materials, combined with advances in digital imaging technologies, has emerged as an innovative and non-invasive approach for analyzing soil behavior. Transparent soils are biphasic systems composed of translucent solid particles and saturating fluids with closely matched refractive indices, enabling clear observation of internal processes. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) has proven particularly effective when integrated with transparent soil models. As a non-contact optical method, DIC minimizes interference and measurement inaccuracies associated with traditional instrumentation, allowing more reliable interpretation of displacement and strain fields. Recent studies have increasingly focused on transparent soils for modeling geosynthetic-reinforced soil structures. In this work, the behavior of embankments constructed over soft soils improved with geosynthetic-encased granular columns (GECs) was investigated using stratified transparent soil models. The study evaluated the mechanisms of load transfer from the embankment to the columns, as well as resulting deformations and differential settlements. Transparent soil modeling allowed observation of key load transfer mechanisms, such as soil arching within the PTC, and enabled evaluation of the soil arching ratio. Overall, transparent soil modeling proved to be a suitable and effective technique for simulating this type of geotechnical system, providing valuable insights into its behavior.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2025.1712842</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2025.1712842</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Mechanical behavior and acoustic emission evolution of cracked red sandstone under uniaxial compression]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-12-18T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Rong Yao</author><author>Liu Jinzhi</author><author>Peng Xianjie</author><author>Sun Yang</author><author>Wang Kui</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The analysis of crack morphology have important influences on the study of rock mechanical properties and crack propagation behavior. A series of uniaxial compression tests and acoustic emission (AE) tests were conducted on different crack forms of red sand stone (intact rock specimens and single cracked and double cracked specimens). The results show that: 1) Intact rock specimens exhibit higher peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus than cracked specimens. Peak stress and elastic modulus are significantly affected by crack configuration, while peak strain differences are relatively minor. Single cracked specimens demonstrate higher peak stress and elastic modulus compared to double crack specimens. 2) During the yield stage and post-peak failure stage, both single and double cracked specimens exhibited distinct AE ringing count and cumulative ringing count surges with increasing fracture inclination angle. The AE ringing counts show a “step-like” growth pattern, while the proportion of cumulative ringing counts increases logarithmically with the inclination angle. 3) Analysis of the failure modes reveals that, with increasing crack inclination angles, single cracked specimens predominantly undergo shear–tensile mixed failure, whereas double cracked specimens progressively evolve from shear tensile mixed failure to tensile failure. These findings provide experimental evidence for assessing crack rock mass stability and predicting failure mechanisms.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2025.1729162</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2025.1729162</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Study on the interaction mechanism between the contra-rotational shear deep soil mixing drilling tool and the soil]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-12-04T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Zizhou Xue</author><author>Zhong Liu</author><author>Shizheng Fang</author><author>Liwei Xiong</author><author>Kun Wu</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Deep soil mixing piles are established for soft soil stabilization, yet the internal mechanism by which drilling tools achieve complete soil-cement homogenization remains unclear, hindering precise quality control in column formation. In this paper, a new type of contra-rotational shear deep soil mixing (CS-DSM) drilling tool was proposed and the detailed design information was thoroughly introduced. The discrete element modeling method was applied to establish a coupling model of CS-DSM drilling tool and soil verified by a laboratory model experiment. Soil particle moving path analysis quantified mixing dynamics during drilling-down and drilling-up phases. The results explained the internal mechanism that the soil particles could be fully sheared, stirred, and mixed in the horizontal and vertical directions to form a uniform soil cement column. The average VC of particle X1-X3 was 1.9 times larger than that of particles Y1-Y3, which indicated that soil particles along the x-axis and y-axis exhibited distinct moving patterns. The mixing efficiency during drilling-down and drilling-up was quite different, and the VC during the drilling-down process could be 146.7 times larger than that during the drilling-up process. In practice, reducing drilling speed or increasing rotational velocity during drilling-down enhances CS-DSM pile quality under identical conditions.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2025.1666542</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2025.1666542</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Stability analysis and support scheme optimization design of roadway surrounding rock in shallow coal seam with thin bedrock]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-12-03T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Zhang Pei</author><author>Ji Chunyu</author><author>Guo Shuchao</author><author>Fu Jiayao</author><author>Wu Chenghong</author>
        <description><![CDATA[This study examines the stability of the surrounding rock in the 3–1 coal mining roadway of Hejiata Coal Mine, focusing on shallow coal seams with thin bedrock through laboratory tests, similar material simulations, and numerical modeling. It first analyzes the mechanical behavior of roof and floor rocks, then proposes an optimized roadway support system based on the analysis results. Results indicate the weathered rock and floor mudstone exhibit unstable characteristics, while the immediate roof composed of medium-grained sandstone and main roof of fine-grained sandstone demonstrate overall instability with localized medium stability. Water immersion tests reveal weathered rock develops initial bedding cracks followed by annular fractures before stabilizing, whereas mudstone experiences continuous argillization leading to progressive surface cracking. The immediate roof shows initial caving at 18 m, with the main roof’s first weighting occurring at 36 m, followed by periodic fractures every 8–16 m. At 78 m advancement, overlying strata collapse in a distinctive arc rock pillar formation. Stress analysis shows that mining induces stress redistribution in surrounding rock, creating localized stress concentration zones and forming an arch-shaped stress relief area in the roof and floor strata. Abutment pressure evolution reveals increasing peak values and influence ranges below 140 m advancement, transitioning to intensified stress concentration upon roof-floor contact beyond this threshold. Deformation monitoring shows progressive increases in roof displacement and floor heave, with maximum values occurring near the goaf center. The optimized support design specifies bolts with 2.1 m length, 20 mm diameter, 0.8 m spacing, and 25 kN pre-tightening force, complemented by anchor cables measuring 5 m in length, 15.24 mm in diameter, spaced at 2.4 m intervals, with 70 kN pre-tightening force and 180 kN anchoring capacity.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2025.1702533</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2025.1702533</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Study on settlement prediction methods for high embankments in mountainous areas]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-12-02T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Jinhui Wang</author><author>Guangjian Liao</author><author>Anbin Shen</author><author>Shengli Wang</author><author>Beite Li</author><author>Tianyi Yan</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Due to the influence of special geological conditions and economic factors, the construction of highways in the mountainous areas of Guangxi has employed a large number of high embankment structures. Characterized by significant settlement amounts and long settlement cycles, these high embankments are prone to issues such as cracking and uneven settlement. This study utilizes three prediction methods—exponential curve model fitting, grey system theory, and backpropagation neural network (BPNN)—to forecast the settlement of a high embankment section of a highway in Guangxi. The prediction results from these three methods are compared with actual measured values. The findings indicate that among the three methods, the BPNN achieves the best overall fitting performance; the grey system theory meets accuracy requirements while being the least affected by different spatial locations; and the exponential curve fitting method involves lower computational costs but shows greater dependence on parameter selection, yet its accuracy improves significantly as the time interval increases. The results provide a methodological basis for the settlement prediction and control of high embankments in mountainous expressways, offering practical significance for ensuring their long-term operational safety.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2025.1686421</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2025.1686421</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Experimental study on the cemented filled annular tube of ultrafine flotation phosphorus tailings from a phosphorus mine]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-12-02T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Shujian Li</author><author>Jianguang Yang</author><author>Menglai Wang</author><author>Jiantao Pang</author><author>Jun You</author><author>Yuanting Zhu</author><author>Chao Pan</author><author>Dongming Zhang</author><author>Mingli Yuan</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionPaste backfilling serves as a key approach for goaf management and mine solid waste disposal. This study investigates the rheological properties of ultra-fine flotation phosphate tailings utilized as backfill aggregates.MethodsTo investigate the pipeline transport characteristics of high-concentration ultra-fine full phosphate tailings under both pumping and gravity flow conditions, this research employed a self-designed industrial-scale paste loop testing system. The pipeline resistance loss of the backfill slurry under various working conditions was systematically measured, and the influence degree of different factors on this resistance was quantified. Furthermore, the rheological parameters of the slurry under different conditions were calculated based on the Bingham fluid model. This allowed for the determination of the slurry's flow regime and critical velocity, and ultimately enabled the back-calculation of the feasible pipeline flow gradient for gravity flow under multiple factor conditions.Results1) Flow velocity had the most significant impact on pipeline resistance loss, followed by flow rate, binder-to-tailings ratio, slurry concentration, and pipe diameter. 2) The flow regime of the backfill slurry was most stable when the flow velocity ranged between 1.4 m/s and 1.8 m/s. 3) Under pumping conditions, the Reynolds number of the backfill slurry was significantly less than 2100, indicating a laminar flow regime within the pipeline. 4) A slurry with a mass concentration of 68% achieved a gravity flow gradient between 7.5 and 9.5 in a pipeline with an internal diameter of 150 mm, confirming the feasibility of gravity flow transport.DiscussionThis study demonstrates that the full phosphate tailings from the Kunyang Phosphate Mine No. 2 are ideal for backfilling due to their favorable gradation. Systematic analysis identified an appropriate pipe diameter range corresponding to economical flow velocities and revealed the weighting of factors affecting pipeline resistance. Flow regime analysis based on the Bingham model confirmed laminar flow within the pipeline, with higher-concentration slurries exhibiting more pronounced structural flow characteristics and a higher critical velocity. Semi-industrial tests finally verified that the 68% concentration slurry can be transported via gravity flow within a pipeline gradient of 10. In conclusion, this research provides crucial theoretical foundation and practical guidance for optimizing pipe diameter, reducing the binder-to-tailings ratio, and controlling flow velocity to achieve economically efficient backfilling while ensuring transport stability.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2025.1671058</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2025.1671058</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Long distance laying technology of casing for connected roadway directional borehole in underground coal mine and its application]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-11-26T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Gao Kuiying</author><author>Li Guo</author><author>Li Zhibin</author><author>Mo Haitao</author><author>He Yijun</author><author>Li Xiongwei</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Aiming at the problem of long distance laying of casing for connected roadway directional borehole in underground coal mine, the bending capacity and passing capacity of casing were calculated and analyzed with the large diameter casing of Ф219 × 8.94 mm as the research object. The stress situation in the process of casing running was studied, and the supporting pipe jacking machine was developed and the engineering test was carried out. The results show that the limit dog leg of the casing string is 5.512°/30 m. The smaller borehole diameter has high requirements for dogleg control, and the larger borehole diameter increases the drilling difficulty. The preferred borehole diameter is 330 mm. The casing laying scheme of ' drill machine pulling back + pipe jacking machine pushing ' is put forward. The casing pushing and pulling process should be matched with thrust and tension. Focus on the design of horizontal telescopic guide rail propulsion system and mobile centralizer and clamping release system, the supporting pipe jacking machine was developed. The engineering test was carried out in the directional long borehole between Daliuta Mine and Huojitu Mine. The casing running and cementing achieved good results. The research results can provide reference for the implementation of similar projects.]]></description>
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