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        <title>Frontiers in Built Environment | Urban Science section | New and Recent Articles</title>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/built-environment/sections/urban-science</link>
        <description>RSS Feed for Urban Science section in the Frontiers in Built Environment journal | New and Recent Articles</description>
        <language>en-us</language>
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        <pubDate>2026-05-14T09:55:54.123+00:00</pubDate>
        <ttl>60</ttl>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1787165</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1787165</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Quantifying the impact of ESG drivers on Saudi commercial real estate Investment using SEM]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Abdullah Mazen Alhamoudi</author>
        <description><![CDATA[To meet Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 and achieve sustainable investment, commercial real estate investors are increasingly seeking properties with ESG features. Unfortunately, identifying these properties and quantifying their impact is difficult. This study aims to develop a model to identify key ESG drivers and measure their effect on commercial real estate investment decisions. Using a correlational research design, data were collected through simple random sampling with questionnaires distributed to stakeholders. Principal component analysis (PCA) in SPSS V24 grouped ESG drivers into constructs, followed by confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling in AMOS Graphics V24 to validate the model using fit indices (SRMR, CFI, NFI). The model identifies eco-friendly buildings, responsible property management, and stakeholder value creation as critical ESG drivers, with eco-friendly buildings exerting the most significant influence on commercial real estate investment decisions. The model also reveals that their decision to invest in properties embedded with ESG is dependent on ensuring high returns, resilience, and sustainable cash flow. The study contributes to research by empirically testing the relationship between sustainable urbanism and property investment decisions. The study promotes a cultural shift from a focus on environmental metrics in investment decisions toward a more holistic approach, thereby aligning commercial real estate with international best practices and Vision 2030.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1718752</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1718752</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Canalside infrastructure and cycling behavior: GPS-based insights from Dubai’s water canal]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Chuloh Jung</author><author>Nadine Fayad</author><author>Massimiliano Gotti Porcinari</author><author>Maroun Ghassan Kassab</author>
        <description><![CDATA[This study presents the first empirical analysis of Canalside bicycle commuting in Dubai, utilizing GPS-based behavioral data to investigate how infrastructure quality is associated with variations in urban cycling behavior in a car-oriented context. Using data from 166 recurring Careem BIKE users, Geographic Information System (GIS) analytics and cumulative distribution modeling were employed to explore relationships between commuting distance, route attributes, and access range. Results reveal an average commuting distance of 12 km, significantly exceeding international norms, suggesting that continuous, high-quality cycling corridors are associated with a longer practical commuting range among the observed user cohort. A strong positive correlation was observed … indicating a statistically significant association between safety, continuity, and slope uniformity and observed route choice patterns within this specific group of users, rather than demonstrating generalized or causal effects. The study further establishes functional access thresholds of 2.8 km from residential origins and 2.3 km from commercial destinations, highlighting structural disparities within Dubai’s urban form. Theoretically, this research contributes to urban mobility debates by suggesting how infrastructural quality is associated with variations in behavioral geography within emerging cycling environments, providing an empirically grounded application of established analytical approaches within a car-oriented, arid-city context to inform sustainable and multimodal transport planning, with environmental and modal-shift implications interpreted as conceptual extensions rather than directly quantified outcomes of this analysis.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1820702</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1820702</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Supporting the urban integration between the city of Al-Ula and Petra through the archaeological networks]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Mahmoud Ali Alsubeh</author><author>Haytham Hussain M. Alhubashi</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionIntegrating synchronous historical cities into unified regional networks is vital for sustainable heritage tourism. This research aims to support the urban integration of Al-Ula (Saudi Arabia) and Petra (Jordan) by establishing a transnational archaeological network that capitalizes on their shared Nabataean origins.MethodsThe study utilizes a mixed-methods approach, combining historical analysis, and a survey of 308 visitors, alongside semi-structured interviews with planners and tourism stakeholders.ResultsEmpirical findings reveal a fragmented tourism ecosystem characterized by drive-by visitation, with 52.8% of tourists staying less than 3 hours, and significant dissatisfaction regarding the lack of services (55.5%) and high accommodation costs (51.3%). These data points highlight a critical disconnect between the heritage sites and their supporting urban infrastructure. While the renewal of the Hijaz Railway represents a long-term regional strategic ambition, this study utilizes the visitor survey as a preliminary ‘pulse check’ to demonstrate a clear market demand for enhanced connectivity and improved service infrastructure.DiscussionThis integrated approach aims to transform the sites from isolated monuments into a cohesive cross-border destination, thereby enhancing the visitor journey and supporting local economic development.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1625392</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1625392</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Does vertical urban development improve or worsen public health? Evidence from skyscraper concentration across U.S. States]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Yuval Arbel</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionThis study investigates how urban form—particularly vertical development measured by state-level skyscraper concentration—relates to age-adjusted lung and bronchus cancer incidence across U.S. states (1999–2022). It also considers behavioral and environmental factors such as smoking and pollution.MethodsUrban intensity is proxied by skyscraper concentration (≥150 m buildings) and population density. The analysis examines their association with cancer incidence, incorporating controls for smoking prevalence, NO2, and PM2.5 concentrations. Robustness tests are conducted to validate findings.ResultsSmoking prevalence shows a strong positive association with cancer incidence, explaining 43% of variation. Skyscraper density exhibits an inverted U-shaped relationship with cancer rates: incidence initially rises with urban density but declines beyond a threshold. This pattern remains robust after controlling for population density and pollution indicators.DiscussionFindings suggest a complex, non-linear relationship between urban development and public health. Early-stage urban density may increase health risks due to congestion and pollution, while advanced urban environments may benefit from improved infrastructure and healthcare systems. These results highlight the importance of integrated urban planning and policy interventions targeting environmental exposures and design to reduce health disparities.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1822462</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1822462</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Historic districts in a global context: a comparative analysis of Dubai and Sharjah through the historic urban landscape framework]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-30T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Khalida Lifam Marthya</author><author>Djamel Boussaa</author><author>Jihad Awad</author><author>Saad Hanif</author><author>Jasim Azhar</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The discovery of oil in the late 1950s marked a turning point for the United Arab Emirates, as it transformed into a global metropolis, breaking regional and international records in urban development and infrastructure expansion. This globalization has led to the steady decline of historic districts, prompting urban regeneration as a strategic tool to reverse their neglect and secure UNESCO designation. This research examines the urban regeneration initiatives undertaken in Al Fahidi; Dubai and Heart of Sharjah; Sharjah, exploring their convergences and divergences through the lens of the Historic Urban Landscape (HUL) framework to assess pathways toward UNESCO inscription. Employing a comparative analytical case study methodology, the research integrates qualitative data derived from the secondary sources, including peer-reviewed literature, governmental reports, UNESCO dossier, and archival maps and photographs. The methodological approach further incorporates a theoretical inquiry into urban regeneration, the need for sustainable urban regeneration and the HUL framework, forming the basis for a nuanced comparative evaluation. The application of the HUL framework to Al Fahidi and Heart of Sharjah reveals limited consistency, with both cases effectively addressing mapping resources, integrating urban development, prioritizing action and establishing local partnerships. However, a lack of consensus or community preference and vulnerability assessments indicates gaps in the comprehensive implementation of the HUL. Based on this, the study identifies three recommendations that can help Dubai and Sharjah achieve sustainable urban regeneration and strengthen their stance for UNESCO designation. The findings will contribute to the ongoing heritage discourse in the Gulf region by advancing the application of the HUL approach and simultaneously offering HUL-oriented recommendations for incorporating the community’s preferred urban governance.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1820561</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1820561</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Cultural positioning in urban wayfinding research: a systems-level bibliometric analysis (1995–2025)]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-29T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Porchelvi Selvaraj</author><author>Sharmila Jagadisan</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionUrban wayfinding systems function as a critical yet conceptually unevenly consolidated component of urban infrastructure, shaping mobility, accessibility, and socio-spatial inclusion in rapidly transforming cities. Although inclusive and sustainable urban development under United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 11 (SDG 11) emphasizes equitable and accessible cities, the intellectual architecture of wayfinding research remains predominantly consolidated around spatial–cognitive and technical paradigms. This study investigates how cultural constructs are positioned within the intellectual structure underpinning urban wayfinding research.MethodsA diagnostic urban analytics approach was employed using bibliometric mapping of a Web of Science based analytical dataset (n = 120; 1995–2025), derived from a broader screened corpus. Analytical techniques included performance indicators, keyword co-occurrence networks, bibliographic coupling, thematic mapping, and temporal evolution analysis. These methods were applied to model conceptual centrality, citation authority, and geographical concentration within the field’s knowledge structure.ResultsFindings indicate strong field-level cohesion around spatial configuration, environmental legibility, and cognitive mapping within dominant thematic clusters. In contrast, cultural identity and sustainability-related constructs occupy peripheral or weakly consolidated positions in the thematic network. Thematic evolution analysis demonstrates limited longitudinal integration of culturally grounded navigation constructs into central research trajectories. Geographical production and collaboration patterns further reveal concentration within a limited group of countries, reflecting asymmetries in global urban knowledge networks and uneven participation in knowledge production.DiscussionBy modelling wayfinding research as a knowledge architecture, the study clarifies how thematic centrality influences the visibility and integration of cultural constructs within urban design discourse and governance frameworks. The observed consolidation around spatial–cognitive paradigms constrain the systematic incorporation of culturally grounded wayfinding practices into infrastructure standardization and planning instruments. These findings contribute to urban analytics by identifying systemic patterns of differentiated thematic consolidation that shape inclusive wayfinding practices, with implications for SDG 11 and inclusive urban knowledge systems.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1776516</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1776516</link>
        <title><![CDATA[A framework for playful social-housing neighborhoods in Saudi Arabia and the Arabian Gulf]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-28T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Ibrahim Bahreldin</author><author>Mohammed Alamoudi</author><author>Ibrahim Hegazy</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionSocial housing programs in Saudi Arabia and the wider Arabian Gulf have expanded rapidly under national visions; however, public open spaces in many of these neighborhoods remain thermally uncomfortable, weakly programmed, and underutilized. While scholarship on playful cities positions play as a key contributor to health and social cohesion, a gap remains in applying these concepts to the hot–arid, socio-cultural context of Gulf residential districts. This paper advances a testable theory: in hot–arid social-housing neighborhoods, sustained everyday play emerges when thermal usability is treated as enabling infrastructure, play opportunities are distributed across daily routes, and durable governance arrangements are in place.MethodsThe study applies a qualitative, theory-building approach combining (i) a narrative literature review on playful/playable cities, child-friendly urbanism, and hot-climate public-space design; (ii) critical analysis of core play theories and practice frameworks; and (iii) a policy and project document review of Saudi quality-of-life, culture, and entertainment initiatives and flagship developments to examine how play is framed and where neighborhood-scale gaps persist.ResultsThe article develops a multi-scalar, climate-responsive framework for playful social-housing neighborhoods. Organized around core principles of climate adaptation, cultural sensitivity (including graded privacy, family-sized seating, and supervision sightlines), inclusivity, community engagement, and sustainability, the framework operates as a testable model linking microclimate usability (“shade-first” networks) and distributed everyday play opportunities to specific governance arrangements. Five falsifiable propositions (P1–P5) operationalize the framework across thermal performance, distribution, inclusivity, stewardship, and policy instruments. It shifts the focus from simple area provision to performance metrics based on thermal comfort hours (UTCI <32 °C, adjustable to local adaptation), accessibility, and stewardship.DiscussionThe model reframes play from destination-led spectacle toward an everyday neighborhood requirement. The paper argues that embedding measurable performance standards and institutionalized participation into housing delivery can mainstream playful, thermally usable public spaces. The framework’s propositions are designed for empirical testing through post-occupancy evaluation combining microclimate monitoring, behavioral mapping, and resident feedback. The study concludes with an empirical testing protocol to evaluate these propositions across seasons and demographic groups.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1819501</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1819501</link>
        <title><![CDATA[A multi-metric assessment of housing affordability in Jeddah with policy-scenario modeling under vision 2030]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-28T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Samer Sami Baesse</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionConventional housing affordability measures, such as rent-to-income ratios, support comparability but often mask transport burdens and welfare deficits across household types. This study addresses the need for a multidimensional framework that captures the full complexity of housing stress in car-dependent metropolitan contexts.MethodsWe develop and apply a multi-metric affordability framework for Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, aligned with SDG 11.1 and Vision 2030 reforms. The framework integrates three lenses: (i) ratio-based housing cost overburden (40% threshold, with 30% sensitivity benchmark); (ii) residual-income (shelter poverty) diagnostics comparing post-housing income to minimum essential budgets; and (iii) Housing-plus-Transport (H+T) affordability combining housing and commuting costs (≤45% benchmark). Data are drawn from the Ejar Rental Index, GASTAT’s Real Estate Price Index (REPI), national household expenditure surveys, and institutional parameters from SAMA and the National Housing Company, all standardized to a 2025Q4 baseline. Ex-ante policy simulations evaluate financing adjustments, supply-side interventions, transport improvements, and integrated scenarios using an Equity Improvement Index (EI) to assess distributional impacts. Where findings derive from estimation rather than directly observed data, results are reported with sensitivity ranges.ResultsEstimated shelter poverty (24.3%) affects nearly twice the households identified as housing-cost overburdened (12.3%), with an estimated 12.8% experiencing “hidden unaffordability” missed by ratio metrics—concentrated among large households (43.2% of 7+ person households) and middle-income groups. Peripheral districts appear most affordable under housing-only metrics (median RTI 24.1%) but become least affordable under H+T analysis (42.5%), a spatial re-ranking of 18.4 percentage points. Hedonic estimates confirm that distance to CBD significantly influences rents (elasticity −0.078), with accessibility improvements capitalized at rates consistent with transport cost savings. Under the modeled scenarios, financing adjustments are associated with modest, regressive gains (EI < 1.0); supply-side interventions are associated with larger, progressive improvements (EI 1.08-1.24); transport improvements show the most progressive targeting (EI 1.63) and the largest reduction in H+T unaffordability (−4.2 percentage points); and integrated interventions combining supply pricing with transport investment show the largest overall gains (H+T unaffordability −6.8 percentage points, shelter poverty −5.2 percentage points, EI 1.41).DiscussionSingle-metric approaches systematically misrepresent both the incidence and spatial distribution of housing burden in Jeddah. The multi-metric framework, calibrated to Vision 2030 institutional parameters, provides a more complete diagnostic basis for policy design. Findings support integrating transport and land-use planning into housing affordability governance, targeting interventions to populations and places revealed by multi-metric diagnostics, and adopting coordinated delivery frameworks that bundle housing and transport investments to advance Vision 2030 objectives and SDG 11.1 monitoring.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1849658</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1849658</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Editorial: Enhancing livability through comprehensive urban regeneration in high-density cities]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-28T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Editorial</category>
        <author>Shixian Luo</author><author>Jiazhen Zhang</author>
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2025.1751322</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2025.1751322</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Integration of river flow and satellite rainfall for hydrological models: Swat + application]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-15T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author> Ruslan</author><author>Rita Tahir Lopa</author><author>Achmad Syarifudin</author><author>Bambang Bakri</author>
        <description><![CDATA[This study aims to assess water availability in the Kelekar River Basin. Various water resource issues are increasingly complex, driven by increasing water demand in line with population growth and socio-economic growth. Furthermore, mismanagement of water resources has led to overexploitation of water resources, resulting in a decline in the environmental carrying capacity of water resources, which in turn reduces water supply capacity. The NRECA model and SWAT+ application is used as mathematical model for rainfall-runoff simulation. From the discharge modeling results obtained, a reliable discharge can be determined as a basis for determining the service area to be irrigated. Result of study is the reliability of discharge in the Kelekar River Ogan Ilir Basin for the 50% dependable discharge (Q50) is a maximum of 350 m3/sec while for the 80% dependable discharge (Q80) it is 255 m3/sec. It is quite ideal to fulfill water availability with a watershed area of 2463.61 km2 and the Q80 dependable flow is small enough to meet raw water and irrigation water needs. Under actual conditions, the raw water value could be reduced, given that irrigation must continue. This could also be achieved by constructing a reservoir to store water during surplus months and releasing it during months with a water deficit.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1758800</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1758800</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Advancing built environment resilience: a proposed indicator framework derived from resilience qualities]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Mohammed M. Al-Humaiqani</author><author>Sami G. Al-Ghamdi</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Climate change and the increasing frequency of extreme events are placing unprecedented pressure on built environment systems (BESs), revealing determined gaps in how resilience is conceptualized and implemented in practice. Although resilience has become a pivotal objective in planning and infrastructure development, existing approaches often lack a consistent structure that relates conceptual capacities with measurable indicators and actionable priorities. This study addresses this challenge by proposing a systematic framework that integrates clearly defined resilience qualities (RQs) into the assessment and improvement of BESs. The proposed framework organizes eight RQs, reflectivity (Rf), robustness (Rb), redundancy (Rd), flexibility (Fx), resourcefulness (Rs), rapidity (Rp), inclusivity (Ic), and integration (It), into a hierarchical structure supported by consolidated resilience quality indicators (RQIs). These indicators were identified through a systematic literature review and refined through analytical screening to ensure relevance to built environment performance. To evaluate the RQIs’ relative importance and implementation status, a Delphi-based expert elicitation was conducted, followed by an importance–capacity gap analysis to identify priority areas for intervention and structured improvement pathways. The results highlight meaningful differences in how RQs are valued and implemented, revealing critical gaps between strategic intent and practical capacity. By providing a structured and expert-informed assessment framework, this study contributes a practical foundation for embedding resilience into planning, design, management, and policy processes within the built environment while supporting alignment with broader compliance and sustainability objectives.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1831352</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1831352</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Correction: Effect of building representation on pluvial flood risk in urban areas: the podoniftis basin, Greece]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-02T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Correction</category>
        <author>Marcos Julien Alexopoulos</author><author>Panayiotis Dimitriadis</author><author>Emela Mitsi</author><author>Demetris Koutsoyiannis</author><author>Denis Istrati</author><author>Theano Iliopoulou</author>
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1733696</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1733696</link>
        <title><![CDATA[The Sapporo Glacier: a conceptual framework for urban cryosphere engineering and climate-responsive design]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-27T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Masahiko Todoriki</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Urban snow management systems are typically treated as logistical operations to remove and dispose of excess snow. However, the Sapporo Glacier concept reframes municipal snow management within a cryospheric systems framework, transforming urban snow accumulation into a controlled cryospheric process that interacts with climate and urban energy systems. This paper presents a hypothesis-driven scoping concept, the Sapporo Glacier, as a conceptual framework for Urban Cryosphere Engineering, which seeks to design and control the long-term storage, insulation, and metamorphism of urban snow using bounded, first-order physical reasoning rather than site-calibrated performance prediction to create a glacier possessing glacier ice (as classically defined) and measurable flow. Using Sapporo City’s existing snow-depot infrastructure as a reference model, the framework integrates physical modeling (degree-day method and simplified energy-balance considerations), surface control through organic mulch, and seasonal monitoring to delineate feasible design regimes for optimizing the thermal state of accumulated snow. Beyond technical feasibility, it emphasizes socio-environmental integration, envisioning snow storage as both a climate-adaptive infrastructure and a cultural landscape that connects citizens to seasonal cycles. Importantly, meltwater released from such an urban glacier during summer may generate a localized, testable nearshore thermal signal, enabling empirical evaluation of coastal cryosphere–ocean interactions. This hypothesis-driven, conceptual approach aims to establish an interdisciplinary foundation for future empirical studies and design experiments, rather than to deliver predictive site-specific outcomes, toward the realization of urban glaciers as sustainable and ecological elements of city life.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1750109</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1750109</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Coastal public realms and housing livability in Saudi cities: developing a comprehensive waterfront development index (CWDI) for Jeddah]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-25T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Ibrahim Hegazy</author><author>Ayman Imam</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionUrban waterfronts in Gulf cities are strategic public assets crucial for environmental risk management and enhancing the livability of surrounding residential and national housing areas, yet most existing urban evaluation indices are city-wide and lack the sensitivity required for hot–arid coastal environments. This study responds by developing a context-specific performance metric to evaluate coastal public realms and examine how waterfront performance can be conceptually linked to housing-community welfare, while acknowledging that household-level housing outcomes are not directly measured in this study.MethodsWe developed and applied a novel Comprehensive Waterfront Development Index (CWDI) tailored to Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, to evaluate coastal public realms across sustainability, resilience, and cultural and social integration dimensions aligned with Vision 2030. The CWDI uses a mixed-methods design that integrates global urban evaluation frameworks (Tier 1 indicators) with context-specific indicators reflecting Jeddah’s climate and culture (Tier 2 indicators). Dimension weights were calibrated using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with input from residents, business operators, and planning professionals. The index was applied to three major waterfront zones, North Corniche, Central Waterfront, and the Historic Waterfront (Al Balad), using a combination of field surveys (n = 312), spatial datasets, and administrative records.ResultsFindings reveal a “two-speed” waterfront: newly redeveloped zones perform relatively well in Public Spaces and Amenities (3.5/5) and Accessibility (3.1/5), offering improved spatial amenities for adjacent housing communities. However, Resilience and Climate Adaptation (2.1/5) and Environmental Sustainability (2.7/5) are the weakest dimensions, with low scores for solar adoption, cooling infrastructure, and flood risk mitigation. The historic Al Balad waterfront consistently underperforms, exposing heritage communities to environmental risks and poor public-space provision.DiscussionThe analysis demonstrates that while public investment has successfully enhanced amenities in new zones, critical resilience and environmental gaps remain, particularly impacting vulnerable and historic communities. The study makes three key contributions: (i) it offers a transferable, waterfront-specific, stakeholder-informed index suitable for hot–arid Gulf cities; (ii) it empirically examines the spatial interface between coastal public realm quality and social housing livability; and (iii) it provides actionable policy recommendations for integrating CWDI scoring into municipal governance and the planning of future coastal housing projects to drive performance toward Vision 2030 goals.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2025.1674014</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2025.1674014</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Examining spatial accessibility in public parks towards enhancing social cohesion: an empirical analysis]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-25T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Shanta Pragyan Dash</author><author>N. Lakshmi Thilagam</author><author>Jambavati Gouda</author><author>Lulwa Khaleel</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Urbanization is rapidly reshaping social and spatial dynamics in cities worldwide, making social cohesion an increasingly critical concern for community wellbeing. In Coastal Karnataka, a region marked by cultural diversity, economic transition, and rapid urban growth, neighbourhood parks serve as vital spaces where accessibility and design directly influence community bonds. This study investigates the interplay between demographic factors—such as age, education, qualification, and marital status—and key dimensions of spatial accessibility, including connectivity, proximity, visibility, safety and security, and amenities, to assess their impact on social cohesion within urban neighbourhood parks. The research adopts a positivist paradigm, employing a quantitative approach through survey-based data collection. A total of 249 respondents were selected using convenience sampling. The questionnaire, adapted from validated scales, underwent Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to ensure reliability and validity. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was applied to examine the influence of demographic factors, while Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to test five hypothesized relationships between spatial accessibility dimensions and social cohesion. Findings highlight that demographic factors shape perceptions of accessibility: age significantly influenced perceptions of proximity, while marital status showed a positive association with safety and security. Among the accessibility dimensions, proximity, visibility, safety and security, and amenities demonstrated significant positive effects on social cohesion, whereas connectivity revealed weaker associations in the studied context as the neighbourhood are strongly integrated towards its context at local level. These results underscore the importance of incorporating micro-level accessibility considerations into park design and planning. The study contributes to both academic discourse and practice by offering evidence-based insights into how spatial accessibility fosters inclusive, resilient, and socially cohesive communities. It provides practical guidance for urban designers and policymakers to enhance neighbourhood parks in ways that strengthen social bonds, support cultural diversity, and promote sustainable urban living in rapidly transforming regions such as Coastal Karnataka.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1809823</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1809823</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Digital infrastructure for urban public health: why three-dimensional printed bridges must be recognized as public health assets]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-24T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Opinion</category>
        <author>Rajesh P</author><author>Sajitha R. Nair</author><author>Praveen Nagarajan</author><author>Sharan Kumar Goudar</author><author>Sudha Das</author>
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1768439</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1768439</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Developing an integrated methodology for flood-hazard assessment: application to the Pikrodafni River Basin (Attica, Greece)]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-23T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Stavroula Sigourou</author><author>Panayiotis Dimitriadis</author><author>Vasiliki Pagana</author><author>Alexia Tsouni</author><author>Theano Iliopoulou</author><author>G.-Fivos Sargentis</author><author>Romanos Ioannidis</author><author>Dimitra Dimitrakopoulou</author><author>Efthymios Chardavellas</author><author>Nikos Mamassis</author><author>Demetris Koutsoyiannis</author><author>Charalampos (Haris) Kontoes</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Flood hazard assessment—together with vulnerability and risk analysis—is closely linked to flood resilience and has been extensively studied in densely populated areas, where the most catastrophic floods tend to occur. The need for a holistic and transferable methodology is critical considering that, different simulation approaches are often used, while key methodological phases are sometimes omitted. Within the framework of the Programming Agreement of the Prefecture of Attica, the BEYOND Centre (IAASARS/NOA), in cooperation with the NTUA research group have developed the methodology presented in this work. The methodology was implemented at high spatial resolution in five flood-affected river basins in Attica, with the Pikrodafni River basin being presented in detail in this study. Data acquisition constituted a core component of the methodology and involved targeted spatial datasets, Earth-observation imagery, time-series data, historical flood records, and relevant prior studies obtained from the competent authorities. Field visits were conducted to characterize site conditions and verify the collected datasets, identifying high-risk critical points, and measuring the dimensions of hydraulic structures (bridges, culverts) and channel properties. Regarding modeling, design-flood scenarios with typical return periods were analyzed in accordance with the Directive 2007/60/EC. HEC-HMS was used to generate hydrographs for each sub-basin, which were then imported into the quasi-2D LISFLOOD-FP model as a means to prepare and calibrate the HEC-RAS model, where a rain-on-grid methodology integrated the hydrologic and hydraulic flood processes at the area of interest. High spatial resolution was maintained throughout, with particular emphasis on uncertainty analysis and on the detailed representation of infrastructure and urban areas, given their strong influence on flood dynamics. Results indicate that overflow typically occurs in buried streams, along adjacent roads in the downstream reach of the river, at stream confluences, and at the upstream inlet where natural streams enter the drainage pipe network. Up to 200 critical points were identified, of which up to 35% were classified as first-priority sites for intervention.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1757749</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1757749</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Effect of building representation on pluvial flood risk in urban areas: the Podoniftis basin, Greece]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-06T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Marcos Julien Alexopoulos</author><author>Panayiotis Dimitriadis</author><author>Emela Mitsi</author><author>Demetris Koutsoyiannis</author><author>Denis Istrati</author><author>Theano Iliopoulou</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionUrban flood modeling requires accurately representing building structures, as they influence flow paths, flood depths, and hydraulic dynamics in urban basins. However, the comparative performance of commonly used building representation techniques within rain-on-grid applications remains insufficiently quantified. This study assesses the effectiveness of three building representation techniques—Stubby Building (SB), Building Block (BB), and Building Resistance (BR)—in the urbanized Podoniftis basin, Attica, Greece.MethodsUsing a 2 m resolution digital elevation model within a rain-on-grid framework, buildings are represented with BB using 5 m and 12 m building footprint elevations, SB using a 0.5 m elevation, and BR using increased Manning’s roughness coefficients of 1 and 10 over building footprints.ResultsThe different methods substantially influence simulated flood extent, water depth, and velocity fields. The BB method yields the highest mean depths (0.62 m) but tends to concentrate high-water depths adjacent to buildings in densely built-up areas. The BR method produces a larger flooded area with the lowest mean velocity (0.27 m/s), reflecting higher hydraulic resistance and a more distributed water storage. The SB method provides an intermediate behavior between the three approaches, while not explicitly resolving runoff generation and redistribution associated with building ingress and drainage systems. A Flood Hazard Rating assessment further shows that building representation affects the spatial pattern of hazard classes.DiscussionThe findings highlight that building representation is a key modeling choice in rain-on-grid applications, with each technique producing distinct flood hazard patterns that can influence risk management decisions. These results underline the need for more refined techniques that explicitly incorporate drainage networks and building ingress processes for urban flood hazard assessment.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1742837</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1742837</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Building for resilience: insights from a Stockholm nursing care facility amidst the COVID-19 pandemic]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-05T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Roya Bamzar</author><author>Asifa Iqbal</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionThis study investigates the COVID-19 response strategies of a senior housing facility in Sweden, Red Garden, which reported a notably low mortality rate during the pandemic’s first wave.MethodsUsing a single-case study design, the research draws on on-site inspections, routine protocol documents, and a semi-structured interview with the facility manager. Thematic analysis was conducted to examine the data.ResultsThematic analysis reveals that effective containment at Red Garden resulted from a combination of spatial affordances, proactive leadership, embedded hygiene culture, and communication strategies. Importantly, the findings suggest that the successful implementation of national guidelines relied not only on knowledge and motivation, but on the physical and organizational capacity of the facility to act.DiscussionThese findings challenge the assumption that infection control strategies are universally transferable across eldercare settings. The study underscores the need for pandemic preparedness plans that address the environmental and managerial feasibility of implementation. While limited by its single-case design, this research highlights how spatial configuration and leadership dynamics can interact to shape resilience in long-term care environments.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1754687</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2026.1754687</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Development-led low-rise housing in Dubai: translating resident satisfaction into design and planning insights]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-03T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Sabreen Dar Amer</author><author>Nour Abdel Hamid</author><author>Fayqa Akram</author><author>Hussam Safieh</author><author>Salwa Beheiry</author><author>Serter Atabay</author><author>Abdullah Gokhan Yilmaz</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionIn a globalizing world, countries continuously strive to enhance quality of life (QoL). This study focusses on the well-being of residents in gated communities in the UAE, focusing on satisfaction with residential units and their communities. QoL, often seen as subjective, is quantified here by transforming qualitative perceptions into measurable data.MethodsAn online survey assesses satisfaction based on indicators like residential unit features and community amenities. Using linear regression analysis with SAS 9.4, two models are developed: one for residential unit satisfaction and another for community satisfaction. The study also considers demographics such as gender, income, and unit size.ResultsResults reveal kitchen and bedroom sizes significantly impact residential unit satisfaction, with p-values of 0.03 and 0.05, respectively. For community satisfaction, facility availability is the most influential factor, with a p-value of 0.03. Comparative analysis shows residents of communities like Motor City Green and Arabian Ranches report higher satisfaction due to larger built-up areas and abundant community facilities.DiscussionThese findings provide practical guidance for developers and urban planners by identifying priority design and community attributes that can enhance residents’ quality of life while supporting evidence-based decision-making in development-led residential projects aligned with Dubai’s 2040 vision.]]></description>
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