AUTHOR=Kadhi Ayat , Mohammed Fathima , Nemer Georges 

TITLE=The Genetic Pathways Underlying Immunotherapy in Dilated Cardiomyopathy

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

VOLUME=Volume 8 - 2021

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2021.613295

DOI=10.3389/fcvm.2021.613295

ISSN=2297-055X

ABSTRACT=Heart failure (HF) is a global public health threat affecting 26 million individuals worldwide with an estimated prevalence increase of 46 % by 2030. One of the main causes of HF and sudden death in children and adult is Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM). DCM is characterized either by left ventricular systolic dysfunction or dilation. DCM has an underlying genetic basis (primary cause) or can develop subsequent to systemic autoimmune or endocrine diseases that cause myocardium inflammation (secondary causes). The morbidity and mortality rates of DCM remains high despite recent advancement to manage the disease. New insights have been dedicated to better understand the pathogenesis of DCM in respect to genetic and inflammatory basis by linking the two entities together. This cognizance in the field of cardiology might pave a new approach to manage DCM through targeted treatment directed to the causative etiology. The following review summarizes the genetical and inflammatory signaling pathways underlying DCM and the novel precision-medicine-based immunomodulatory strategies to salvage and prevent the associated heart failure linked to the disease.