AUTHOR=Correale Michele , Tricarico Lucia , Fortunato Martino , Mazzeo Pietro , Nodari Savina , Di Biase Matteo , Brunetti Natale Daniele TITLE=New Targets in Heart Failure Drug Therapy JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine VOLUME=Volume 8 - 2021 YEAR=2021 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2021.665797 DOI=10.3389/fcvm.2021.665797 ISSN=2297-055X ABSTRACT=Despite recent advances in chronic heart failure management (either pharmacological or non-), prognosis of acute HF patients remains poor, with significant HF rehospitalization or death rates in the six months after discharge. This poor prognosis emphasizes the need for developing novel pathways for testing new HF drugs, beyond neurohumoral and hemodynamic modulation approach. The development of new drugs for HF therapy must thus necessarily focuse on a novel approaches such as direct effect on cardiomyocytes, coronary microcirculation, and myocardial interstitium. This review summarizes principal evidence on new possible pharmacological targets for the treatment of HF patients, mainly focusing on microcirculation, cardiomyocyte and anti-inflammatory therapy.