AUTHOR=Cao Yin , Li Qinglin , Yang Yingbo , Ke Zunji , Chen Shengqi , Li Mingrui , Fan Wenjing , Wu Hui , Yuan Jinfeng , Wang Zhengtao , Wu Xiaojun 

TITLE=Cardioprotective Effect of Stem-Leaf Saponins From Panax notoginseng on Mice With Sleep Deprivation by Inhibiting Abnormal Autophagy Through PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

VOLUME=Volume 8 - 2021

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2021.694219

DOI=10.3389/fcvm.2021.694219

ISSN=2297-055X

ABSTRACT=Sleep deprivation (SD) may lead to serious myocardial injury in cardiovascular diseases. Saponins extracted from the roots of Panax notoginseng, a traditional Chinese medicine beneficial to blood circulation and hemostasis, are the main bioactive components exerting cardiovascular protection in the treatment of heart disorders, such as arrhythmia, ischemia and reperfusion injury and cardiac hypertrophy.The aim of this study was to explore the protective effect of stem-leaf saponins from Panax notoginseng (SLSP) on myocardial injury in SD mice. SD was induced by modified multi-platform method. Cardic morphological changes were assessed by HE staining. Heart rate was monitored by BIOPAC Systems. Serum levels of ANP and LDH were measured with biochemical kits. Transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescent and western blotting analysis were used to observe the process and pathway of autophagy and apoptosis in heart tissue of SD mice. In vitro, rat H9c2 cells pretreated with rapamycin and the effect of SLSP were explored by acridine orange staining, transient transfection, flow cytometry and western blotting analysis. SLSP prevented mycardial injury including morphological damage, accumulation of autophagosomes in heart tissue, abnormal high heart rate, serum ANP and serum LDH induced by SD. And it reversed the expressions of proteins involved in autophagy and apoptosis, and activated PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling way that disturbed by SD. On H9c2 cells induced by rapamycin, SLSP could markedly resume the abnormal autophagy and apoptosis. SLSP could attenuate excessive autophagy and apoptosis in myocardial cells in heart tissue induced by SD, which might be acted through activating PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.