AUTHOR=Arun Divyatha , Munir Wahaj , Schmitt Lara Victoria , Vyas Rohan , Ravindran Jeuela Iris , Bashir Mohamad , Williams Ian Michael , Velayudhan Bashi , Idhrees Mohammed 

TITLE=Exploring the Correlation and Protective Role of Diabetes Mellitus in Aortic Aneurysm Disease

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

VOLUME=Volume 8 - 2021

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2021.769343

DOI=10.3389/fcvm.2021.769343

ISSN=2297-055X

ABSTRACT=Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus is a well-defined risk factor for cardiovascular and peripheral vascular disease, as the abnormal metabolic state increases the risk for atherosclerosis, occlusive arterial disease and vascular dysfunction. It has been reported across the literature of the potential association between diabetes mellitus and aortic aneurysm, with the former having protective effects on the development of the latter.
Methods: A thorough literature search was performed through electronic databases, to provide a comprehensive review of the study’s reporting on the association of diabetes mellitus and aortic aneurysm, discussing the mechanisms that have been reported; furthemore, we reviewed the reports of the impact of oral hypoglycameic agents on aortic aneurysms.
Results: Various proposed mechanisms are involved in this protective process including endothelial dysfunction, chronic hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance. The evidence suggests an inverse association between diabetes mellitus and abdominal aortic aneurysms. The increase in advanced glycation end products, increased arterial stiffness and vascular remodelling seen in diabetes, was found to have a profound impact on aneurysm development, its slow progression and lower rupture rate in these individuals. This review has also highlighted the role of oral hypoglycaemic agents having a protective effect against AA disease.
Conclusion: A decrease in development, progression and mortality from aortic aneurysms and a lower rate of aortic dissection have been observed in those with diabetes. This review has provided a comprehensive insight on the effect of diabetes and its physiological processes, and elements of its con-committant treatment, having a protective role against these aortic diseases.