AUTHOR=Yi Chenlong , Chen Fangyu , Ma Rongrong , Fu Zhi , Song Meijuan , Zhang Zhuan , Chen Lingdi , Tang Xing , Lu Peng , Li Ben , Zhang Qingfen , Song Qifeng , Zhu Guangzheng , Wang Wei , Wang Qiang , Wang Xiaowei 

TITLE=Serum level of calpains product as a novel biomarker of acute lung injury following cardiopulmonary bypass

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

VOLUME=Volume 9 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2022.1000761

DOI=10.3389/fcvm.2022.1000761

ISSN=2297-055X

ABSTRACT=Objective: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis whether serum level of calpains could become a meaningful biomarker for diagnosis of acute lung injury (ALI) in clinical after cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) technology.
Methods and results: Seventy consecutive adults underwent cardiac surgery with CPB were included in this prospective study. Based on the American-European Consensus Criteria (AECC), these patients were divided into ALI (n = 20, 28.57%) and non-ALI (n = 50, 71.43%) groups. Serum level of calpains in terms of calpains’ activity which was expressed as RFU per microliter and measured at beginning of CPB (baseline), 1 h during CPB, end of CPB as well as 1 h, 12 h and 24 h after CPB. Difference of serum level of calpains between 2 groups first appeared at the end of CPB and remained different at subsequent test points. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that serum level of calpains 1 h after CPB was an independent predictor for postoperative ALI (OR 1.011, 95% CI 1.001 to 1.021, p = 0.033) and correlated with a lower PaO2/FiO2 ratio in the first 2 days (The first day: r = -0.389, p < 0.001 and the second day: r = -0.320, p = 0.007) as well as longer mechanical ventilation time (r = 0.440, p < 0.001), ICU length of stay (LOS) (r = 0.419, p < 0.001) and hospital LOS (r = 0. 297, p = 0.013).
Conclusions: Elevated serum level of calpains correlate with impaired lung function and poor clinical outcomes, indicating serum level of calpains could act as a potential biomarker for postoperative ALI following CPB in adults.