AUTHOR=Wei Luyao , Sun Guowen , Wu Qin , Zhang Weizhi , Tang Mi , Zhao Tianli , Hu Shijun 

TITLE=Case Report: Three-Dimensional Printing–Assisted Surgical Treatment of Complex Body Vein Ectopic Drainage

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

VOLUME=Volume 9 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2022.782601

DOI=10.3389/fcvm.2022.782601

ISSN=2297-055X

ABSTRACT=Introduction: Complex ectopic drainage of body veins is a rare congenital disease. Its preoperative diagnosis and surgical choice can be considerable challenges.
Case summary: A 5-year-old patient was diagnosed precisely by preoperative transthoracic echocardiography, computed tomography (CT), three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction, and three-dimensional (3D) printing of the heart and great blood vessels. The operation was performed successfully using flexible intraoperative intubation strategies.
Conclusion: 3D printing technology can assist in the formulation of surgical protocols for complex body vein ectopic drainage. Flexible intubation strategies can increase the success of the operation.