AUTHOR=Ding Mingyan , Zhang Huihui , Sun Dandan , Li Qiang , Jiao Ni , Zhu Fang 

TITLE=Multimodal Imaging for Total Anomalous Systemic Venous Drainage Diagnosis and Preoperative Planning: A Case Report and Literature Review

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

VOLUME=Volume 9 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2022.786278

DOI=10.3389/fcvm.2022.786278

ISSN=2297-055X

ABSTRACT=Total anomalous systemic venous connection (TASVC) is a rare congenital heart malformation. Here we report a case of 40-year-old male patient who has total anomalous systemic venous connection. It was diagnosed as TASVC for the first time through multimodal imaging combined TTE, TEE and three-dimensional (3D-TTE) echocardiography, contrast echocardiography and computed tomography angiography (CTA). We review 15 published reports of TASVC and summarize the ultrasonographic characteristics. After  repair through ectopic venous drainage in cardiac surgery, the patient’s cyanosis symptoms were alleviated greatly. Echocardiography was the first-line examination of TASVC. Multimodal imaging combined TTE, TEE, 3D TEE, contrast echocardiography and CTA was necessary for confirmed diagnosis of TASVC.