AUTHOR=Zhuang Chenchen , Luo Xufei , Wang Wenjuan , Sun Runmin , Qi Miaomiao , Yu Jing 

TITLE=Cardiovascular Risk According to Body Mass Index in Women of Reproductive Age With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

VOLUME=Volume 9 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2022.822079

DOI=10.3389/fcvm.2022.822079

ISSN=2297-055X

ABSTRACT=Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous condition that affects reproductive-aged women. The association between PCOS and cardiovascular risk according to body mass index (BMI) categories is unclear.
Objective: We evaluated the association between cardiovascular risk according to BMI categories and PCOS in reproductive-aged women.
Methods: A literature search was conducted in the EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library and PubMed databases from their inception to 9 September, 2021. Observational cross-sectional, retrospective and prospective controlled studies were included. The main analyses examined the relationship between cardiovascular risks (i.e., blood pressure and lipid levels) and BMI in reproductive-aged women with PCOS.
Results: Thirty-eight studies, with a total of 6,078 subjects, were included in this meta-analysis. Systolic blood pressure (BP) and diastolic BP was higher in reproductive-aged women with PCOS. Lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol [SMD (95% CI): -0.21 (-0.35, -0.08), P = 0.002], higher triglycerides [SMD (95% CI): 0.38 (0.29, 0.48), P < 0.001], higher low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol [SMD (95% CI): 0.29 (0.20, 0.39), P < 0.001], higher nonHDL-cholesterol [SMD (95% CI): 0.42 (0.31, 0.52), P < 0.001] and waist-to-hip ratio [MD (95% CI): 0.03 (0.02, 0.04), P < 0.001] were seen in reproductive-aged women with PCOS. In addition, the subgroup analysis revealed that systolic BP and HDL-cholesterol increased at BMI < 25 kg/m2 and BMI 25-30 kg/m2. Diastolic BP increased at BMI 25-30 kg/m2. Triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, non-HDL-cholesterol and waist-to-hip ratio increased in all BMI categories.
Conclusions: PCOS is associated with cardiovascular risk. Lipid levels and BP increased in reproductive-aged women with PCOS, regardless of BMI.
Registration: The study protocol was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews: 290352.
Funding: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81960086).