AUTHOR=Cao Yalin , Liu Xiao , Xue Zhengbiao , Yin Kang , Ma Jianyong , Zhu Wengen , Liu Fuwei , Luo Jun , Sun Junyi 

TITLE=Association of Coffee Consumption With Atrial Fibrillation Risk: An Updated Dose–Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

VOLUME=Volume 9 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2022.894664

DOI=10.3389/fcvm.2022.894664

ISSN=2297-055X

ABSTRACT=Background: Several published studies have examined the association of coffee consumption with atrial fibrillation (AF) risk, but their findings are still controversial. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies to determine the relationship between coffee consumption and the risk of incident AF.
Methods: We systematically retrieved the Pubmed and Embase databases until October 2021 for pertinent studies that reported the association of coffee consumption (caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee) with AF risk. A cubic spline random-effects model was used to fit the potential dose-response curve. The effect estimates were expressed as adjusted risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).  
Results: A total of 10 prospective studies (11 cohorts) involving 30,169 AF events and 723,825 participants were included. In the dose-response analysis, there was a linear inverse association between coffee intake and risk of AF although not statistically significant (Pnon-linearity=0.25). Compared with participants with no coffee consumption, the RRs of AF risk estimated directly from the dose-response curve were 1.01 (95% CI 0.98–1.03)  for 1 cup of coffee per day, 1.00 (0.97–1.04)  for 2 cups per day, 0.99 (0.92–1.02) for 3 cups per day, 0.95 (0.89–1.01) for 4 cups per day, 0.94 (0.87–1.01) for 5 cups per day, 0.89 (0.79–1.02) for 6 cups per day, and 0.87 (0.76-1.02) for 7 cups per day. Per cup/day increase in coffee consumption was associated with a 2% reduced risk of AF (RR=0.98, 95% CI: 0.97–1.00, P=0.02). 
Conclusions: Our evidence of this meta-analysis suggested that coffee consumption had a trend in reducing the risk of AF in a dose-response manner. Further study could be conducted to reinforce our findings.