AUTHOR=Lim Mervyn Jun Rui , Zheng Yilong , Soh Rodney Yu-Hang , Foo Qi Xuan Joel , Djohan Andie Hartanto , Nga Diong Weng Vincent , Ho Jamie Sin-Ying , Yeo Tseng Tsai , Sim Hui-Wen , Yeo Tiong-Cheng , Tan Huay-Cheem , Chan Mark Yan-Yee , Loh Joshua Ping-Yun , Sia Ching-Hui 

TITLE=Symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage after non-emergency percutaneous coronary intervention: Incidence, risk factors, and association with cardiovascular outcomes

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

VOLUME=Volume 9 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2022.936498

DOI=10.3389/fcvm.2022.936498

ISSN=2297-055X

ABSTRACT=Objective: To investigate the incidence, risk factors, and association with cardiovascular outcomes of patients who developed symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) after non-emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). 

Methods: We conducted a single-institution retrospective study of patients who developed symptomatic ICH after non-emergency PCI. To identify associations between clinical variables and outcomes, logistic regression and Cox-proportional hazards regression models were constructed. Outcomes analyzed include (1) all-cause mortality, (2) acute ischemic stroke (AIS) or transient ischemic attack (TIA), and (3) major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). 

Results: A total of 1732 patients were included in the analysis. The mean (±SD) age was 61.1 (±11.3) years, and 1396 patients (80.6%) were male. The incidence of symptomatic ICH after non-emergency PCI was 1.3% (22 patients). Age, chronic kidney disease, and prior coronary artery bypass graft surgery were independently associated with a higher risk of ICH after PCI, while hyperlipidemia was independently associated with a lower risk of ICH after PCI. ICH after PCI was independently associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality and AIS or TIA after PCI. 

Conclusion: Patients who are older, who have chronic kidney disease, and who have had prior coronary artery bypass graft surgery should be monitored for symptomatic ICH after non-emergency PCI.