AUTHOR=Kalra Sheetal , Miraj Mohammad , Ajmera Puneeta , Shaik Riyaz Ahamad , Seyam Mohamed K. , Shawky Ghada M. , Alasiry Sharifa M. , Mohamed Elsayed H. , Alasiri Hatim M. , Alzhrani Msaad , Alanazi Ahmad , Alqahtani Mazen , Shaikh Abdul Raheem , Al-Otaibi Mohammad Lafi , Saleem Shakir , Pal Sajjan , Jain Vineet , Ahmad Fuzail 

TITLE=Effects of Yogic Interventions on Patients Diagnosed With Cardiac Diseases. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

VOLUME=Volume 9 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2022.942740

DOI=10.3389/fcvm.2022.942740

ISSN=2297-055X

ABSTRACT=Abstract
Objective
Presently, evidence-based researches regarding the efficacy of complimentary therapies like yoga for patients with different cardiac diseases are limited and conflicting. Objective of the present study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on yogic interventions compared with usual care or non-pharmacological treatment in patients with diagnosed cardiac diseases. 
Methods
We conducted an electronic search of literature published from 2006 toMay 2021 through five databases.PRISMA statement was used for to develop and report systematic review and Meta-analysis protocol. 16 RCTs were included in systematic review and 11 RCTs were used for meta-analysis.Outcome measures were blood pressure, lipid profile and psychosocial measures. Cochrane collaboration tool was used to assess bias risk.
Results
Results show that yogic interventions resulted in significant reduction in Systolic (d= 0.46, 95% CI 0.08 – 0.84, I2 =81.86%) and Diastolic blood pressure (d= 0.56, 95% CI 0.13 – 0.99, I2 =84.84%). Amedium statistically significant increase of HDL (d= 0.67, 95% CI 0 to 1.33, I2 79.7%) and low but significant effect on LDL (d= 0.23, 95% CI -0.08- 0.54, I2 32.61%), total cholesterol (d= 0.28, 95% CI -0.14- 0.70, I2 63.72%), and triglycerides (d= 0.43, 95% CI -0.10 – 0.97, I2 76.64% was observed.Pooled effect sizes showed medium to low statistically significant effect on psychosocial indicators viz. QoL, stress, anxiety and depression. 
Conclusion
Meta-analysis found strong evidence of effectiveness of yogic interventions on lipid profile, blood pressure and psychosocial outcomes in patients with diagnosed cardiac diseases.