AUTHOR=Chiang Cheng-Hung , Hung Wan-Ting , Liu En-Shao , Yang Tse-Hsuan , Cheng Chin-Chang , Huang Wei-Chun , Mar Guang-Yuan , Kuo Feng-Yu 

TITLE=The influence of testosterone on the risk of cardiovascular events after percutaneous coronary intervention

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

VOLUME=Volume 9 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2022.998056

DOI=10.3389/fcvm.2022.998056

ISSN=2297-055X

ABSTRACT=Background: This study aimed at evaluating the influence of testosterone on the risk of cardiovascular events in men after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) by a retrospective cohort study.
Methods: Between 2015 and 2018, 580 men undergoing PCI at a tertiary referral hospital were divided into low (< 3.25 ng/mL) and normal (≥ 3.25 ng/mL) testosterone groups. Major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) was defined as the composite outcome of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and target lesion revascularization/target vessel revascularization (TLR/TVR) during up to 48 months follow-up after PCI.
Results: There were 111 and 469 patients in the low and normal testosterone groups, respectively, with the overall MACE rate of the former being higher than the latter (26.13% vs. 13.01%, p = 0.0006). Moreover, the overall TLR/TVR (20.72% vs. 11.73%, p = 0.0125), and myocardial infarction (3.6% vs. 0.85%, p = 0.0255) rates were significantly higher in those with low serum testosterone who also had a shorter average event-free survival analysis of MACE (25.22±0.88 months) than those with normal testosterone levels (35.09±0.47 months, log-rank p = 0.0004). Multiple logistic regression demonstrated an association between low serum testosterone (< 3.25 ng/mL) and a higher MACE rate [odds ratio: 2.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.21 to 3.51, p = 0.0081]. After adjusting for variables in a Cox regression model, hazard ratios (HRs) for MACE (HR: 1.88, 95% CI 1.20 to 2.95, p = 0.0058) and TLR/TVR (HR: 1.73, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.83, p = 0.0290) rates were higher in the low testosterone group than those in the normal testosterone group.
Conclusions: Low serum testosterone concentrations were associated with a higher risk of MACE and TLR/TVR after PCI than those with normal testosterone levels.