AUTHOR=Correale Michele , Tricarico Lucia , Croella Francesca , Alfieri Simona , Fioretti Francesco , Brunetti Natale Daniele , Inciardi Riccardo M. , Nodari Savina 

TITLE=Novelties in the pharmacological approaches for chronic heart failure: new drugs and cardiovascular targets

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

VOLUME=Volume 10 - 2023

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2023.1157472

DOI=10.3389/fcvm.2023.1157472

ISSN=2297-055X

ABSTRACT=Despite recent advances in chronic heart failure management, the prognosis of heart failure (HF) patients remains poor. This emphasizes the need for developing new drugs targeting novel pathways, beyond neurohumoral and hemodynamic modulation approach, such as cardiomyocyte metabolism and myocardial interstitium. This review summarizes main evidence on new possible pharmacological targets for the treatment of HF patients, mainly focusing on drugs acting on cardiac metabolism, GCs-cGMP pathway, mitochondrial function and intracellular calcium dysregulation.