AUTHOR=Gobezie Mengistie Yirsaw , Hassen Minimize , Tesfaye Nuhamin Alemayehu , Solomon Tewodros , Demessie Mulat Belete , Fentie Wendie Teklehaimanot , Tadesse Getachew , Kassa Tesfaye Dessale , Berhe Fentaw Tadese 

TITLE=Prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension and contributing factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

VOLUME=Volume 11 - 2024

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2024.1335823

DOI=10.3389/fcvm.2024.1335823

ISSN=2297-055X

ABSTRACT=Background: Uncontrolled hypertension (HTN) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) and cerebrovascular disease. The prevalence of HTN in the Ethiopian adult population is near to 20%.This study aimed to determine the prevalence of uncontrolled HTN and its contributing factors among patients with HTN undergoing treatment in Ethiopia.Methods: Electronic bibliographic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Hinari (research4life), Embase, and Scopus were searched for original records in the English language that assessed HTN control in Ethiopia and were available before June 29/2023. Data were extracted using a format prepared in Microsoft Excel and exported to STATA 17.0 software for analysis.The study protocol was registered at PROSPERO with reference number CRD42023440121.Results: A total of 26 studies with 9,046 patients with HTN were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, of which 11 studies were used to assess factors contributing to uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) in Ethiopia. The estimated prevalence of uncontrolled HTN in Ethiopia is 51% (95% confidence interval [CI], 42, 60%). Subgroup analysis, based on the assessment tools, region, and follow up period, revealed that the prevalence of uncontrolled BP was highest in American heart association/American College of Cardiology(AHA/ACC) (89%; CI: 87, 91%) and Addis Ababa (58%; CI: 40, 76%), and the lowest proportion of uncontrolled BP was in the threemonth follow up period (34%;CI:29,39). The presence of Diabetes mellitus (DM) showed the highest impact (POR: 5.19; CI: 1.41, 19.11) for uncontrolled HTN. Univariate meta-regression confirmed that the sample size, year of publication, and subgroups were not sources of heterogeneity in the pooled estimates. Egger's regression test did not indicate the presence of publication bias.More than half of the hypertensive patients in Ethiopia have uncontrolled BP.Diabetes mellitus, advanced age, male sex, and the presence of comorbidities are among the contributing factors to uncontrolled HTN in Ethiopia. Concerned bodies working in this area should implement interventional strategies and recommendations that might be helpful in achieving optimal BP in hypertensive patients.