AUTHOR=Jeon Ho Sung , Lee Jun-Won , Moon Jin Sil , Kang Dae Ryong , Lee Jung-Hee , Youn Young Jin , Ahn Min-Soo , Ahn Sung Gyun , Yoo Byung-Su 

TITLE=Two-year clinical outcome of patients with mildly reduced ejection fraction after acute myocardial infarction: insights from the prospective KAMIR-NIH Registry

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

VOLUME=Volume 11 - 2024

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2024.1458740

DOI=10.3389/fcvm.2024.1458740

ISSN=2297-055X

ABSTRACT=Background: Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is a crucial prognostic indicator of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, studies on the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with mildly reduced ejection fraction (EF) after AMI are lacking.
Methods: We categorized 6,553 patients with AMI from the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry-National Institutes of Health (KAMIR-NIH) between November 2011 and December 2015 into three groups based on their EF, assessed by echocardiography during index hospitalization: reduced EF (LVEF ≤40%), mildly reduced EF (LVEF 41–49%), and preserved EF (LVEF ≥50%). The primary outcome was all-cause death within 2 years. The secondary outcomes included myocardial infarction (MI), revascularization, and patient-oriented composite endpoint (POCE) which was defined as composite of all-cause death, any MI, or revascularization.
Results: Of the total 6,553 patients, 884 (13.5%) were classified into the reduced EF group, 1,749 (26.7%), into the mildly reduced EF group, and 3,920 (59.8%), into the preserved EF group. Patients with mildly reduced EF exhibited intermediate mortality (reduced EF, 24.7%; mildly reduced EF, 8.3%; preserved EF, 4.6%; p<0.0001), MI (3.9% vs. 2.7% vs. 2.6%; p<0.0046), and POCE (33.0% vs. 15.6% vs. 12.4%; p<0.0001) rates, albeit closer to those of the preserved EF. After adjustment for demographics, risk factors, admission status, and discharge medications, patients with mildly reduced EF showed a lower risk of all-cause death than those with reduced EF (mildly reduced EF group as a reference: HR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.40–2.18; p<0.001), but it did not differ significantly from those with preserved EF (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.75–1.18; p=0.999).
Conclusions: Over a 2-year follow-up period, patients with AMI and mildly reduced EF demonstrated better prognoses than those with reduced EF, but did not differ significantly from those with preserved EF.