AUTHOR=Zheng Jie , Lin Zhengjie , Zhong Xiaolin , Liu Jianghua 

TITLE=The relationship between programmed cell death and vascular calcification

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

VOLUME=Volume 12 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2025.1549857

DOI=10.3389/fcvm.2025.1549857

ISSN=2297-055X

ABSTRACT=Vascular calcification (VC) is a pathological condition closely associated with a range of cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis (AS), hypertension, vascular injury, and diabetic angiopathy. Programmed cell death, encompassing apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis and ferroptosis, plays a pivotal role in the progression of VC. These cellular processes are intricately regulated by multiple signaling pathways, such as the Wnt/β-catenin and NF-κB pathways, among others. A deeper understanding of the roles and underlying mechanisms of programmed cell death in VC could offer valuable insights for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies targeting cardiovascular diseases.