AUTHOR=Wang Xinqi , Han Linli , Jiang Jiyang , Fan Zhenxin , Hua Yimin , He Libang , Li Yifei 

TITLE=Alterations in bile acid metabolites associated with pathogenicity and IVIG resistance in Kawasaki disease

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

VOLUME=Volume 12 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cardiovascular-medicine/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2025.1549900

DOI=10.3389/fcvm.2025.1549900

ISSN=2297-055X

ABSTRACT=BackgroundKawasaki disease (KD) primarily affects children as an acute systemic vasculitis. Numerous studies indicated an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease due to metabolic disturbances. Despite this knowledge, the specific metabolic modes involved in KD remain unclear.MethodsWe examined the metabolome of individuals with 108 KD and 52 non-KD controls (KD vs. nKD) by ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS).ResultsDifferential analysis uncovered the disturbed production of bile acids and lipids in KD. Furthermore, we investigated the impact of treatment, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resistance, and coronary artery (CA) occurrence on the metabolome. Our findings suggested that IVIG treatment alters the lipid and amino acid metabolism of KD patients. By orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), there was no significant difference between the coronary injury groups and non-coronary injury groups, and IVIG resistance didn't appear to cause the metabolic change in KD patients.ConclusionsPatients with KD exhibit metabolic abnormalities, particularly in bile acids and lipids. IVIG interventions may partially ameliorate these lipid abnormalities.