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        <title>Frontiers in Catalysis | Heterogeneous Catalysis section | New and Recent Articles</title>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/catalysis/sections/heterogeneous-catalysis</link>
        <description>RSS Feed for Heterogeneous Catalysis section in the Frontiers in Catalysis journal | New and Recent Articles</description>
        <language>en-us</language>
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        <pubDate>2026-05-14T21:16:27.534+00:00</pubDate>
        <ttl>60</ttl>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fctls.2025.1721217</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fctls.2025.1721217</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Activated carbon sheets from pomegranate peel with ionic liquid for Knoevenagel condensation: synthesis of aryledene and xanthene derivatives]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-01-05T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Dhaneshwar Prasad</author><author>Archana Asatkar</author><author>Swetlana Prerna Ram</author><author>Shripal Singh</author><author>Santosh Kumar Prajapati</author><author>Subhash Banerjee</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionDevelopment of a mild and sustainable protocol for the carbon-carbon bond formation via Knoevenagel condensation is essentially desirable because the products, aryledene derivatives, are useful intermediates and are widely used in the manufacture of fine chemicals, pharmaceutically active molecules, calcium channel blockers, natural products, as well as in the production of flavours and fragrances.MethodActivated carbon sheets were fabricated from pomegranate peels via calcination, activation by KOH and were characterization using Raman spectroscopy, powder XRD, FESEM, FESEM-EDX, and TGA studies. The ionic liquid, [pmIm]Br was synthesized by reacting a 1:1 mixture of N-methyl imidazole and n-pentyl bromide under microwave irradiation.Results and discussionPomegranate peel–derived two-dimensional graphitic activated carbon (PPAC) nanosheets, with lateral dimensions of 40–200 nm and lengths of 4–10 μm, were confirmed through Raman spectroscopy, powder XRD, FESEM, and other studies. The PPAC, combined with the ionic liquid [pmIm]Br, demonstrated remarkable catalytic performance in the Knoevenagel condensation of aromatic aldehydes with active methylene compounds, producing the corresponding aryledene derivatives in excellent yields (90%–95%) within 5–20 minutes under mild conditions. Furthermore, the PPAC/[pmIm]Br catalytic system efficiently facilitated the synthesis of xanthene derivatives via a tandem condensation–cyclization pathway. The catalyst was easily recovered and reused over five consecutive cycles with minimal loss of activity. This work highlights a renewable, biomass-derived carbon framework as a dual-function, environmentally friendly catalyst for effective C–C bond formation and heterocycle synthesis, offering a scalable approach aligned with green chemistry and waste valorization principles.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fctls.2025.1690697</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fctls.2025.1690697</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Dry fungus-mediated gold bio-nanocomposite synthesis: an efficient green and sustainable heterogeneous catalyst for selective nitro reduction]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-11-17T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Amar G. Deshamukh</author><author>Rajashree Borgohain</author><author>Harishkumar Madhyastha</author><author>Paresh N. Patel</author>
        <description><![CDATA[This dry fungus-reinforced nanoparticle synthesis is the first proficient plan of action to replace the use of hazardous chemical, physical, and other bio-methods. Here, we report the synthesis of gold bio-nanocomposites (GBNCs) via immobilization of dry biomass prepared with conventional and lyophilization methods. Under atmospheric conditions, dried Aspergillus trinidadensis VM ST01′ OL587588 functions as a reducing and capping agent in water without any solvent or buffer interference. The use of dried biomass provides additional benefits for the synthesis of GBNCs, such as short synthesis time (24 h; 36 h with wet biomass) without incubation, better shelf life (more than 18 months), improved catalytic activity, intact morphology, etc. The generated GBNCs were characterized by various analytical techniques and were found to have a roughly spherical shape with a mono-dispersed diameter of approximately 25 nm, as determined with high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The influence of stirring and biomass concentration on the kinetics was also studied for the GBNC fabrication process. Optimized stoichiometric results have shown 3.5 × 1015 gold atoms per milligram of dried biomass prepared by both methods. The crystalline nature and surface charge of GBNCs were analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction and zeta potential studies, respectively. FT-IR studies have shown the participation of various biomass functional groups in forming GBNCs. The surface morphology of GBNCs was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. A comparative thermal stability of dried biomass and GBNCs was evaluated by thermo-gravimetric analysis, with a large difference in residual mass. Here, GBNCs have been shown to be a truly potent heterogeneous catalyst for the reduction of nitrobenzene in water using sodium borohydride with yields up to 95% isolation. The industrial suitability of GBNCs has been established with their broad operational pH (4–10) and temperature (25 °C–80 °C) ranges, reusability (more than 10 cycles), storage stability (more than 18 months), and successful scale-up investigations (up to 5 gm).]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fctls.2023.1194977</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fctls.2023.1194977</link>
        <title><![CDATA[An efficient method for the preparation of magnetic Co3O4 nanoparticles and the study of their catalytic application]]></title>
        <pubdate>2023-05-15T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Hakimeh Ardeshirfard</author><author>Dawood Elhamifar</author>
        <description><![CDATA[In this study, magnetic cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized through a new and green method using cobalt chloride hexahydrate (CoCl2.6H2O), pluronic P123 as a stabilizer, and sodium borohydride (NaBH4). The CO3O4 nanoparticles were characterized by diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer.The magnetic Co3O4 NPs were used as a catalyst with high activity and stability in the synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran derivatives. This reaction was carried out in water, as it is an environmentally friendly solvent, using a low loading of Co3O4 NPs at room temperature. Various derivatives of aldehydes were used as substrates to obtain a high yield of the corresponding tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans in short times. In addition, the catalyst was recovered and reused several times with no notable decrease in its activity.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fctls.2022.914670</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fctls.2022.914670</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Biodiesel Production From Oleic Acid Using Biomass-Derived Sulfonated Orange Peel Catalyst]]></title>
        <pubdate>2022-06-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Manoj Kumar Kumawat</author><author>Samuel Lalthazuala Rokhum</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Biodiesel, as an alternative fuel for petroleum-based fuel, has recently acquired significant attention. The current study focused on using biowaste to produce catalysts for low-cost biodiesel manufacturing. Orange peels (OP) were used to make carbon-based solid acid catalysts with sulfonic acid group (–SO3H) density of 1.96 mmol g−1via a “one-pot” carbonization-sulfonation treatment. Under the optimized reaction conditions (15:1 MeOH to oleic acid molar ratio, 7 wt.% catalyst loading w.r.t oleic acid, 80°C reaction temperature, 60 min reaction time), 96.51 ± 0.4% conversion of oleic acid to methyl oleate (a biodiesel component) was obtained. The catalyst displayed high recyclability and stability on repeated reuse, with a negligible decrease in biodiesel conversion up to 5 catalytic cycles.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fctls.2022.839072</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fctls.2022.839072</link>
        <title><![CDATA[A Review on Bismuth Oxyhalide (BiOX, X=Cl, Br, I) Based Photocatalysts for Wastewater Remediation]]></title>
        <pubdate>2022-04-06T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Xincong Lv</author><author>Frank Leung Yuk Lam</author><author>Xijun Hu</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Solar energy transformation over semiconductor-based photocatalysis is an ideal solution to environmental problems and future sustainability. Layered bismuth oxyhalides (BiOX, X = Cl, Br or I) are very attractive and promising photocatalysts in the environment fields. This review summarizes recent advances on the design of BiOX to enhance energy converting efficiency. Especially, the emerging techniques to enhance the photocatalytic behaviors of BiOX are discussed, including non-metal/metal doping, heterojunction engineering, carbon interfacing, coupling with noble metals, defect engineering, and morphology tuning. The application of BiOX composites in wastewater remediation is also reviewed in terms of organic photocatalytic oxidation and heavy metal ion photocatalytic reduction. Finally, the future chances and challenges of BiOX photocatalysts for practical application are summarized. In all, this review well underlies the innovative preparation of BiOX products for environment-related purposes.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fctls.2021.669260</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fctls.2021.669260</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Tailoring Noble Metal-Free Ti@TiO2 Photocatalyst for Boosting Photothermal Hydrogen Production]]></title>
        <pubdate>2021-04-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Sara El Hakim</author><author>Tony Chave</author><author>Amr A. Nada</author><author>Stéphanie Roualdes</author><author>Sergey I. Nikitenko</author>
        <description><![CDATA[In this work, we provide new insights into the design of Ti@TiO2 photocatalyst with enhanced photothermal activity in the process of glycerol reforming. Ti@TiO2 nanoparticles have been obtained by sonohydrothermal treatment of titanium metal nanoparticles in pure water. Variation of sonohydrothermal temperature allows controlling nanocrystalline TiO2 shell on Ti0 surface. At 100 < T < 150°C formation of TiO2 NPs occurs mostly by crystallization of Ti(IV) amorphous species and oxidation of titanium suboxide Ti3O presented at the surface of Ti0 nanoparticles. At T > 150°C, TiO2 is also formed by oxidation of Ti0 with overheated water. Kinetic study highlights the importance of TiO2 nanocrystalline shell for H2 generation. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy points out more efficient electron transfer for Ti@TiO2 nanoparticles in correlation with photocatalytic data. The apparent activation energy, Ea = (25–31) ± 5 kJ·mol−1, assumes that photothermal effect arises from diffusion of glycerol oxidation intermediates or from water dynamics at the surface of catalyst. Under the heating, photocatalytic H2 emission is observed even in pure water.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fctls.2021.667675</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fctls.2021.667675</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Heterogeneous Catalysis: Enabling a Sustainable Future]]></title>
        <pubdate>2021-03-18T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Specialty Grand Challenge</category>
        <author>Xijun Hu</author><author>Alex C. K. Yip</author>
        <description></description>
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