AUTHOR=Yang Ming , Luo Shilu , Wang Xi , Li Chenrui , Yang Jinfei , Zhu Xuejing , Xiao Li , Sun Lin 

TITLE=ER-Phagy: A New Regulator of ER Homeostasis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

VOLUME=Volume 9 - 2021

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cell-and-developmental-biology/articles/10.3389/fcell.2021.684526

DOI=10.3389/fcell.2021.684526

ISSN=2296-634X

ABSTRACT=The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is one of the most important cellular organelles, and its homeostasis is crucial for many life activities. Under external stimulation, ER stress induces the unfolded protein response (UPR) and ER-associated degradation (ERAD) to maintain ER homeostasis. However, persistent ER stress can lead to cell damage. ER-phagy is a selective form of autophagy that ensures the timely removal of damaged ER, thereby protecting cells from damage caused by excessive ER stress. As ER-phagy is a newly identified form of autophagy, many receptor-mediated ER-phagy pathways have been discovered in recent years. In this review, we summarize our understanding of the maintenance of ER homeostasis and describe the receptors identified so fa. Finally, the relationship between ER-phagy and disease is also discussed.