AUTHOR=Wang Gang , Hu Jin-Qu , Liu Ji-Yuan , Zhang Xiao-Mei 

TITLE=Angiogenesis-Related Gene Signature-Derived Risk Score for Glioblastoma: Prospects for Predicting Prognosis and Immune Heterogeneity in Glioblastoma

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

VOLUME=Volume 10 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cell-and-developmental-biology/articles/10.3389/fcell.2022.778286

DOI=10.3389/fcell.2022.778286

ISSN=2296-634X

ABSTRACT=Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant tumor in central nervous system with poor prognosis and unsatisfactory therapeutic efficacy. Considering the high correlation between tumors and angiogenesis, we attempted to construct a more effective model with angiogenesis-related genes (ARGs) to better predict the therapeutic response and the prognosis.
Methods: The ARGs datasets were downloaded from the NCBI-Gene and Molecular Signatures Database. The gene expression data and clinical information were obtained from TCGA and CGGA databases. The differentially expressed angiogenesis-related genes (DE-ARGs) were screened with the R package “DESeq2”. Univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to screen for ARGs related to overall survival. The redundant ARGs were removed by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis. Based on the gene signature of DE-ARGs, a risk score model was established, and its effectiveness was estimated through Kaplan–Meier analysis, ROC analysis, etc. 
Results: 626 DE-ARGs were explored between GBM and normal samples, 31 genes were identified as key DE-ARGs. Then the risk score of ARG signature was established. Patients with high-risk score had poor survival outcomes. And it was proved that the risk score could predict some medical treatments’ response, such as temozolomide chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy. Besides, the risk score could serve as a promising prognostic predictor. Three key prognostic genes (PLAUR, ITGA5, FMOD) were selected and further discussed. 
Conclusions: The angiogenesis-related gene signature-derived risk score is a promising predictor of prognosis and treatment response in GBM and will help with making appropriate therapeutic strategies.