AUTHOR=Khan Israr , Bai Yanrui , Zha Lajia , Ullah Naeem , Ullah Habib , Shah Syed Rafiq Hussain , Sun Hui , Zhang Chunjiang 

TITLE=Mechanism of the Gut Microbiota Colonization Resistance and Enteric Pathogen Infection

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

VOLUME=Volume 11 - 2021

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cellular-and-infection-microbiology/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2021.716299

DOI=10.3389/fcimb.2021.716299

ISSN=2235-2988

ABSTRACT=The mammalian gut microbial community which is known as the gut microbiota comprises trillions of bacteria, which co-evolved with the host and has a vital role in a variety of host functions that includes nutrient acquisition, metabolism, immunity development, and more important is playing a critical role in the protection of the host from enteric infections associated with exogenous pathogens or indigenous pathobionts outgrowth that may result from the healthy gut microbial community disruption. Microbiota evolves complex mechanisms to restrain pathogens' growth, including nutrient competition, competitive metabolic interactions, niche exclusion, and host immune response, collectively termed colonization resistance. On the other hand, pathogens have also developed counter-strategies to expand their population and enhance virulence to cope with the gut microbiota colonization resistance and cause infection. This review summarizes the available literature on the complex relationship occurring between the intestinal microbiota and enteric pathogens, describing that how the gut microbiota can mediate colonization resistance against bacterial enteric infection and on how bacterial enteropathogens can overcome this resistance as well as how the understanding of this complex interaction can inform the future therapies against infectious diseases.