AUTHOR=Liu Junfeng , Piranlioglu Raziye , Ye Fei , Shu Kai , Lei Ting , Nakashima Hiroshi 

TITLE=Immunosuppressive cells in oncolytic virotherapy for glioma: challenges and solutions

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

VOLUME=Volume 13 - 2023

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cellular-and-infection-microbiology/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1141034

DOI=10.3389/fcimb.2023.1141034

ISSN=2235-2988

ABSTRACT=The aggressive form of glioma, glioblastoma, is referred to as a myeloid disease of the brain, in which lineage cells dominate most of the tumor-infiltrating immune population in the tumor microenvironment. These myeloid cells, including tumor-associated macrophages and microglia (TAM) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), play a pivotal immunosuppressive role in the tumor microenvironment and contribute to tumor progression. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are self-amplifying cytotoxic drugs that accompany local anti-tumor immune responses. OV actions can play a role in suppressing immunosuppressive myeloid cells and prompt the recruitment of tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs) to the tumor site, triggering an adaptive immune response against tumors. However, it is still underway to understand how the action of OV therapy impacts the tumor-resident myeloid population and consequent reactions. This review mainly overviews how TAM and MDSC react to different types of OVs, and combination therapeutics that target the myeloid population to anti-tumor favored immune responses in the glioma microenvironment.