AUTHOR=Chen Shijun , Zhong Qidi , Zhu Hao , Liu Chunyan , Zhuang Pengyu , Sun Wuji 

TITLE=Visible-Light-Induced C–C Coupling Reaction to Synthesize Bipyridine From 3-Cyano-1,4-Dihydropyridines

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Chemistry

VOLUME=Volume 7 - 2019

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/chemistry/articles/10.3389/fchem.2019.00940

DOI=10.3389/fchem.2019.00940

ISSN=2296-2646

ABSTRACT=A concise and efficient photocatalytic C-C coupling of 1-benzyl-3-cyano-1,4-dihydropyridine for  synthesis of 1,1'-dibenzyl-3,3'-dicyano-1,1',4,4'-tetrahydro-4,4'-bipyridine is described. The reporter system provides a novel technique that facilitates synthesis of C-C coupling derivatives without addition of transition metals and oxidants or other additives. A plausible synthetic pathway is proposed, and the coupling product was characterized via nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H and 13C NMR), high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-HRMS) and X-ray analyses.