AUTHOR=Kmak Kelly N. , Despotopulos John D. , Huynh Tony L. , Sammis Brian N. , Thomas Keenan , Wooddy Todd , Dewald Eduard L. , MacLaren Stephan A. 

TITLE=Using radiochemistry to diagnose fuel-ablator mix in inertial confinement fusion studies at the National Ignition Facility: measurement of Tc/Mo isotopic ratios for the Pushered Single Shell campaign

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Chemistry

VOLUME=Volume 13 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/chemistry/articles/10.3389/fchem.2025.1632948

DOI=10.3389/fchem.2025.1632948

ISSN=2296-2646

ABSTRACT=The development of radiochemical measurement techniques as a diagnostic for fusion experiments at the National Ignition Facility enables a new method for assessing fuel-ablator mix and the impact of this mix on capsule performance. Diagnosing capsule mix in internal confinement fusion studies is difficult due to the small spatial scales (10s of µm) and short-time frames (100s of ps) over which the mix typically evolves in these experiments. For the Pushered Single Shell campaign, radiochemical measurements on debris collected from fusion experiments can be used to determine isotopic ratios of activation products, particularly 96gTc/99Mo and 95gTc/99Mo, to provide vital information on nuclear reactions in the burning plasma that can inform simulations that seek to understand the degree of capsule-fuel mix and the impact on the capsule performance. These radiochemical measurements have been conducted regularly since November 2023 providing data on a range of capsule designs and neutron yields. Data from eight NIF experiments is presented, the measured 96gTc/99Mo and 95gTc/99Mo range from (0.5–5) × 10–4 to (0.3–3) × 10–4, respectively. The development of radiochemical diagnostics aids in understanding and optimizing the design of fusion experiments, providing unique and valuable insights into capsule behavior and directly measuring fuel-ablator mix.