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        <title>Frontiers in Climate | New and Recent Articles</title>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/climate</link>
        <description>RSS Feed for Frontiers in Climate | New and Recent Articles</description>
        <language>en-us</language>
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        <pubDate>2026-04-27T12:26:22.409+00:00</pubDate>
        <ttl>60</ttl>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1748516</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1748516</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Deep learning model anticipates climate change induced reduction in major commodity crop yields for Canada in 2050]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-24T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Amanjot Bhullar</author><author>Khurram Nadeem</author><author>Nathaniel K. Newlands</author><author>Evan D. G. Fraser</author><author>R. Ayesha Ali</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Assessing cropland suitability is vital for future agriculture as it optimizes land use, identifies high-potential areas, and supports sustainable food production while minimizing environmental impacts. However, projections of future crop yields based on suitability ratings remain debated due to the complexities of climate change, soil degradation, and evolving agricultural practices. In particular, yield projections that hinge on CO2 fertilization are contentious. While rising CO2 levels can enhance photosynthesis, studies indicate this effect is smaller than once believed and insufficient to offset climate change's negative impacts. Its benefits are further constrained by temperature, water, and nutrient limitations. Using a deep learning approach trained on historical soil, yield, and climate data to evaluate and predict multi-crop suitability, we generate new forecasts of Canada's cropland suitability for major annual crops in 2050 and 2100 (under RCP 4.5 and 8.5). Results show declining suitability for canola, peas, spring wheat, and soy in the Prairies, with gains for barley and oats. Similar shifts are projected in central British Columbia, north of Southern Ontario, and Southern Quebec. Net losses in canola and spring wheat are expected to outweigh gains in other crops, underscoring the need for adaptive management strategies such as crop diversification and the development of heat-resilient varieties.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1735834</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1735834</link>
        <title><![CDATA[From information to engagement in the Anthropocene: media’s role in low-carbon city transformation in China]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-23T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Yan Wu</author><author>Pim Martens</author><author>Thomas Krafft</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Urban areas, with dense populations and concentrated consumption, are major contributors to CO₂ emissions, accelerating the progression of the Anthropocene. In this context, low-carbon city transformation is essential for sustainability and climate resilience. This transformation is a complex process requiring collaboration across sectors and stakeholders, with media serving as a crucial communication bridge connecting government, the public, and other actors. This study uses in-depth interviews combined with systems thinking and transdisciplinary insights to analyze media coverage and its role in China’s low-carbon city transition. Basing on our cases, this study finds that (1) diverse media reporting raises public awareness of climate and low-carbon issues, but in-depth analysis and scientific interpretation remain limited due to a shortage of trained climate journalists. (2) Visual formats like videos and animations effectively capture public attention, while in-depth written reports, especially from state media, exert greater influence on policy and industrial transformation. (3) Beyond information dissemination, media facilitate dialog among government, businesses, NGOs, and citizens, promoting collective action in low-carbon city transformation. However, challenges such as climate anxiety, misinformation, and algorithm-driven information gaps undermine trust and engagement. This study highlights the media’s vital role in raising awareness, influencing behavior, and connecting stakeholders, providing insights to support better policy decisions and climate communication strategies for sustainable urban futures.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1805906</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1805906</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Biotechnological innovations in the realm of carbon capture, storage and utilization]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-22T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Fanny Machado Jofre</author><author>Carina Aline Prado</author><author>Vinícius Pereira Shibukawa</author><author>Maria Teresa Ferreira Ramos Raymundo</author><author>Thais Aline Prado Mendonça</author><author>Anuj Kumar Chandel</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The global energy transition increasingly relies on biotechnological innovation to meet climate targets. This study aims to evaluate the integration of carbon capture, storage, and utilization (CCUS) within a circular bioeconomy, bridging the gap between governance and technological implementation. While previous research often treats CCUS and bioenergy in isolation, this review provides a novel, integrated framework that connects climate governance (from COP26 to COP30) with specific carbon-negative pathways and advanced materials. The objectives are to assess the deployment of biofuels (SAF, biohydrogen), biochar, and bioplastics, specifically highlighting the role of Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs) in enhancing capture efficiency. Unique to this work is the inclusion of a multi-dimensional analysis incorporating Technological Readiness Levels (TRL), Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), and—crucially—Techno-Economic Analysis (TEA) to evaluate the impact on industrial scale-up. Main findings indicate that while biotechnological pathways are diversifying, the transition to commercial viability depends on aligning these advances with transparent financial mechanisms, such as blockchain-backed carbon credits. The outcomes serve as a strategic roadmap for industrial stakeholders to optimize investment in carbon-negative assets and provide policymakers with a scientific basis for standardizing sustainability metrics through the Global Biofuels Alliance (GBA), ultimately facilitating the scalability of commercially viable negative-emission solutions.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1794077</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1794077</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Precarious agency, evolving conditionality, equity and the financialization of vulnerability in Zimbabwe’s nationally determined contributions]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-21T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Achieford Mhondera</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Under the polycentric architecture of the Paris Agreement, climate-vulnerable countries face a double bind in which they must craft sophisticated climate pledges (NDCs) to secure finance while maintaining domestic ownership over the implementation process. This paper interrogates how this tension manifests in and is shaped by official climate discourse. Employing a longitudinal critical discourse analysis, specifically the Discourse-Historical Approach, the paper analyses Zimbabwe’s three NDC iterations (2015, 2021, 2025) alongside key policy documents. It traces the strategic evolution of narratives around conditionality, equity, and vulnerability. The findings demonstrate a marked discursive pivot from principled, legalistic claims toward financialized, technocratic, and securitized justifications. While this reflects a masterful adaptation to the ‘grammar’ of global climate governance; the paper argues that it simultaneously constructs a state of precarious agency, a form of performative competence in external negotiation that is structurally contingent on external validation, thereby risking erosion of domestic ownership and externalizing accountability. The paper, therefore, theorizes precarious agency as a core paradox of post-Paris climate politics for the Global South, and it reveals the financialization of vulnerability as a key discursive mechanism through which climate justice claims are translated into transactional demands within an asymmetrical regime. It concludes that effective climate statecraft requires vulnerable states to complement external-facing financial narratives with domestic stories of climate action as sovereign development, as well as transforming conditional dependence into augmented self-reliance.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1761461</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1761461</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Evaluating model uncertainty in critical threshold estimations from time series data: application to the Atlantic meridional Overturning Circulation]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-21T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Alessandro Cotronei</author><author>Eirik Myrvoll-Nilsen</author><author>Martin Rypdal</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Analysis of tipping points (rapid, large-scale, and potentially irreversible transitions in Earth system components) is crucial for assessing the resilience of the Earth's subsystems and anticipating risks associated with climate change. Predicting tipping points from time-series data requires accounting for variability, system-specific factors, and high-quality data, which are often limited. Existing approaches, while useful, depend on strong assumptions that may reduce predictive accuracy. In this study, we focus on the model used to approximate system behavior, and argue that modeling assumptions can significantly alter estimates of critical thresholds, and including assessments of whether a system will reach a critical transition at all. We show that, in the case of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), assuming different polynomial degrees in simple model approximations can lead to entirely different estimates of the critical threshold, or even that no threshold exists. This effect is particularly exacerbated by the interannual variability of the AMOC fingerprints used. These considerations highlight the need for more advanced techniques and increased robustness in model selection and underlying assumptions when interpreting estimates of critical transitions.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1678166</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1678166</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Surviving the dry spell: socio-economic, health, and adaptive challenges of drought in Muyexe Village, South Africa]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-20T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Caiphus Baloyi</author><author>Wilfred Lunga</author><author>Moya Bydawell</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Climate change remains one of the most pressing global challenges, posing significant threats to human security through its adverse effects on health, water availability, food security, and shelter. Socially and economically disadvantaged populations bear a disproportionate burden of these impacts. This study examines the health effects of drought, identifies vulnerable demographic groups, and assesses community adaptation strategies in Muyexe Village. A qualitative case study design was employed. Data were collected through eight semi-structured key informant interviews and eight focus group discussions with community members. The data were analysed using thematic content analysis, involving systematic coding, categorisation of emerging themes, and triangulation across data sources to enhance credibility and validity. The findings reveal that water scarcity compels communities to compete with wildlife for limited water resources, increasing exposure to waterborne diseases. Drought-related conditions such as cholera, malaria, hypertension, and malnutrition further undermine community resilience. Households respond by adopting various adaptation strategies, including livestock sales, seed preservation, and small-scale income-generating activities. However, government interventions remain inadequate. Strengthening local adaptation strategies and addressing underlying health vulnerabilities are essential to reducing disaster risks and enhancing long-term community resilience to climate change. (180 words).]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1741389</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1741389</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Disaster resilience through gamification: an experimental study on serious games at the school level in Pakistan]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-20T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Mushtaq Ahmad Jan</author><author>Rooh Ullah</author><author>Khadija Farhan Alhumaid</author><author>Waheed Ullah</author><author>Asad Ullah</author><author>Safi Ullah</author><author>Amjad Ali</author><author>Hisham Tariq</author><author>Terrence Fernando</author><author>Shafqat Munir</author>
        <description><![CDATA[This research evaluates the efficacy of serious games in enhancing disaster risk awareness among school children in Peshawar, Pakistan. The research aims to compare the outcomes of the Hazagora board game with traditional lecture methods at the school level. Conducted at a local government school, the study employed an experimental design to compare the educational impact of the context-specific Hazagora board game (experimental group, N = 30) with traditional lecture-based instruction (control group, N = 30). A total of 60 sample sizes were selected through the quota sampling method. Using SPSS 24.0, an Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test was utilized to detect significant mean value differences across multiple groups, and the Least Significant Difference (LSD) post-hoc analysis test was then applied to identify specific group differences. The study’s findings reveal that the Hazagora game encourages an engaging, interactive environment that simplifies complex concepts, leading to improved learning efficacy and enjoyment. Compared to lectures, the game increases students’ engagement, knowledge retention, and understanding. The resilience scores showed a significant improvement, increasing from 18.6 to 31.5 (SD = 2.54, N = 30), after participants played Hazagora. In contrast, the lecture group demonstrated a moderate improvement, with scores rising from 20.17 to 24.47 (SD = 3.88, N = 30). This enhanced engagement promotes educational equity by offering an accessible, non-traditional learning path, ultimately strengthening community resilience by empowering informed young citizens. These findings suggest that serious games can be an effective educational tool, especially when teaching complex subjects, like disaster risk reduction, environmental sustainability, and climate change.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1759108</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1759108</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Climate identities across the life-course and the role of oral testimony in exploring drivers of influence: lessons from older adults in Netherlands]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-16T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Rachel Lauwerijssen</author><author>Adam Barker</author><author>Ian Mell</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Public understandings of climate change are shaped not only by knowledge and risk perception but also lived experiences and memory. This is an area of climate science that remains under-researched. This study examines how climate identities are formed through seasonal recollections, life-course experiences, and socio-economic conditions and mediate understandings of climate change. Semi-structured, oral history-focused interviews (n = 20) were conducted with residents living in Breda and Tilburg (Netherlands). The findings highlight the role of seasonal recollections in creating intergenerational climate memories that provide intuitive benchmarks such as frosts, snow cover, and flowering times for assessing change. Occupation, such as experience within the agricultural sector foster strong attachment to seasonal rhythms, while improvements in housing conditions such as central heating and insultation enabled detachment from direct weather exposure through controlled indoor environments. Together, socio-economic conditions and seasonal experiences illustrate how climate identities are socially developed in contemporary context. Conceptually, the paper shows that climate identities help to bridge local lived experience and global climate change understandings. Insights highlight the value of oral histories for theorizing climate perception and suggest new directions for climate communication and adaptation policy.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1801916</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1801916</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Measuring carbon sequestration and climate change mitigation potential of croplands under different climatic scenarios using RothC model]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-16T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Amanullah Adeel</author><author>Mustafa Hasani</author><author>G. Sonal Chonde</author><author>A. S. Jadhav</author>
        <description><![CDATA[To decarbonize the atmosphere, recarbonize the soil. Soil recarbonization can significantly mitigate climate change by enhancing carbon sequestration and reducing atmospheric CO₂ concentrations. Among all, cropland soil plays a crucial role in this case, but its long-term carbon sequestration potential under changing climatic conditions remains highly uncertain in semi-arid regions of India. This study quantified historical and future soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics and the associated climate mitigation potential of croplands for Karvir in western India by using the RothC and InVEST models. Model validation against field-measured SOC samples from 126 locations revealed good agreement-characterized by an R2 of 0.73, RMSE of 4.41 t C ha−1, and slight underestimation bias (ME = −0.79 t C ha−1)-thereby confirming the robustness of the RothC simulations. Historical SOC showed that there was a rapid annual SOC accumulation from 2010–2024, with high sequestration rates at the cropland category at 8.08 t C ha−1 y−1. However, under Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) climate scenarios, future projections under both shared socioeconomic pathway (SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5) are marked by a considerable decline in their sequestration capacity. The rates at which SOC sequestrations decline are as follows: to 0.41 t C ha−1 y−1 from 2030 to 2050, and to 0.29 t C ha−1 y−1 from 2050 to 2100 under SSP2-4.5, and to 0.31 and 0.25 t C ha−1 in case of SSP5-8.5. By 2100, the stocks of SOC continue to rise in both SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5, but the rates of sequestration continue to fall, showing saturation and reduced efficiency in carbon accumulation. Although, total (TSOC) stocks continue to accumulate under all scenarios, it is evident that the sequestration rate declines significantly, suggesting lower efficiency in accumulation and saturation. Overall, the findings of this study have shown that although western Indian croplands have acted historically as effective carbon sinks, future warming, moreover, under high-emission pathways, substantially constrains their long-term SOC sequestration and climate change mitigation capacity under current agricultural conditions.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1754758</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1754758</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Resisting natural resource extraction in the global south]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Systematic Review</category>
        <author>Claudia Milena Adler</author><author>Jo Rose</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The definition of sustainability by the United Nations, amidst the current climate emergency, emphasises the need to find a balance between present needs, whilst protecting the ability of future generations to meet their own. Today’s international efforts to reverse the extractive methods of a globalised market economy remain siloed. Since the colonial project of 1492, the impact of destruction on the world’s biodiversity has been disproportionately shouldered by communities in the Global South. Currently, natural resource extraction is either sidelined or branded as a development initiative. Under the international agenda for sustainability and green initiatives lies a heavy price tag with devastating consequences for the rural and Indigenous communities and their territories, within Africa, Latin America, the Middle East and Asia. Market-driven development initiatives within this article are argued as inherently violent. The mining of critical minerals, also referred to as “conflict minerals” are essential for these technologies. With nearly 1 million Congolese displaced and a 60% illiteracy rate among children in Zambia’s resource-rich Copperbelt region, these so-called sustainability initiatives often serve the interests of a privileged global minority, whilst deepening inequality and exploitation in the Global South. The authors examine Western-led “sustainable” agendas from a decolonial lens and draw on Indigenous theory to explain underdevelopment in the Global South. In addition, this article focuses on women’s resistance to the current status quo of so-called development. The main findings advocate for the inclusion of Indigenous and rural women from affected communities to lead the reshaping of our relationship with each other and the planet. In this context, resistance represents a commitment to re-imagining sustainability beyond the dominant mainstream approaches in order to address modern-day challenges. This research article presents a critical review of women’s experiences and resistance movements to understand meaningful sustainability from both Indigenous and rural perspectives.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1778046</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1778046</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Assessing the influence of watershed characteristics on flood vulnerability in Nyirakigugu cell of Jenda sector, Nyabihu district in Western Province of Rwanda]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Samuel Twizerimana</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionFlooding is one of the most widespread climates‑related disasters, and Rwanda’s northwestern volcanic highlands are highly vulnerable due to steep terrain, clay soils, and rising rainfall.MethodsThis study aimed to assessed seven watershed characteristics: elevation, slope, drainage density, stream proximity, rainfall, land‑use/land‑cover (LULC), and soil hydrologic groups; and integrated them into a Flood Vulnerability Index (FVI) using Analytic Hierarchy Process–Multi‑Criteria Decision Analysis (AHP‑MCDA) in ArcGIS Pro 3.6. Spatial datasets included a 10‑m DEM, METEO Rwanda rainfall, and Ministry of Agriculture soil records. Parameters were reclassified on a 1–5 scale using Jenks natural breaks and national guidelines. AHP weights were elevation 28.5%, slope 19.6%, drainage density and stream distance 14.8% each, rainfall 11.2%, LULC 6.5%, and soil 4.6% with a Consistency Ratio of CR = 0.034, confirming acceptable matrix consistency.Results and discussionResults show Nyirakigugu Cell (408.8 ha) is highly exposed: 63.4% lies below 2,400 m, 45.7% has gentle slopes ≤16%, and 23.6% is within 20 m of streams. Rainfall rose by ~25% between 2001 and 2021. Land‑use change revealed a threefold expansion of Nyirakigugu Lake (8.6 to 25.3 ha), 99% loss of tree plantations, and growth of built‑up and cropland. The composite FVI shows 21.3% of the cell is very highly vulnerable and 24.1% highly vulnerable, concentrated in southeastern valleys and lake margins, while only 11.3% is very low vulnerability in uplands.ConclsionThese findings provide spatial evidence to guide land‑use planning, riparian buffer enforcement, reforestation, and climate adaptation in Nyabihu District and similar highland catchments in sub‑Saharan Africa.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1801667</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1801667</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Drivers and variability of marine heatwaves in the North Indian Ocean and their impacts on South Asian monsoon rainfall]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Ligin Joseph</author><author>Nikolaos Skliris</author><author>S. Vishnu</author><author>Dipanjan Dey</author><author>Robert Marsh</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Our planet is warming rapidly, accompanied by an increase in the frequency and intensity of marine heatwaves (MHWs). Beyond their impacts on marine ecosystems, MHWs can also modulate regional climate systems, including the Asian monsoon. Here, we investigate the variability, drivers, and monsoon impacts of MHWs in the North Indian Ocean using detrended sea surface temperature anomalies over the period 1982–2024. An Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis of MHW intensity identifies two leading modes of variability. The first mode (PC1), explaining 22% of the variance, is characterized by basin-wide MHWs with enhanced intensity in the Arabian Sea and is associated with weakened monsoon winds, reduced evaporation and cloud cover, and enhanced shortwave radiation, leading to upper-ocean warming. The second mode (PC2), accounting for 8% of the variance, exhibits a dipole structure, with intensified MHWs in the Bay of Bengal and suppressed activity in the Arabian Sea during its positive phase, and the opposite pattern during its negative phase. Large-scale climate modes modulate these patterns. Basin-wide MHWs resembling PC1 are usually associated with the mature phase of El Niño, coinciding with the transition from active to break phases of the Monsoon Intraseasonal Oscillation (MISO). Under similar MISO conditions, La Niña tends to favor PC2+-type warming. These modes are accompanied by distinct rainfall responses: PC1 and PC2+ are linked to wetter conditions over southern India and drier conditions in the north, whereas PC2− corresponds to more widespread dryness. The termination of MHWs is associated with the re-intensification of monsoon winds, which both suppresses further ocean warming and enhances rainfall through increased evaporation and moisture transport. Together, these results point to a potential interaction between MHWs, monsoon intraseasonal variability, and ENSO and suggest that certain climate conditions may favor the transition of MISO-related ocean warming into marine heatwaves, with implications for monsoon predictability in a warming climate.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1776972</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1776972</link>
        <title><![CDATA[A hybrid IoT-Hadoop-blockchain architecture for decentralized MRV and carbon data governance]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-10T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Jingyuan Ding</author><author>Yuan Lu</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Accurate, transparent, and scalable Measurement, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) of greenhouse-gas emissions is foundational to credible climate governance, yet prevailing systems remain fragmented, low-frequency, and vulnerable to manipulation. This paper proposes a hybrid IoT–Hadoop–blockchain architecture that reconceptualizes carbon data as a continuously governed digital asset rather than a static compliance artifact. High-frequency operational data are collected through IoT infrastructures, stored and pre-processed in Hadoop for scalability and data sovereignty, and anchored on a Hyperledger Fabric consortium blockchain using Merkle-tree commitments to ensure immutability and traceability. A Carbon Data Interface Standard (CDIS) harmonizes heterogeneous data sources, while Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO)-based governance distributes authority across individual and institutional stakeholders. A Dynamic Authority Selection Mechanism (DASM) aligns participation in the consensus process with verifiable performance, institutionalizing a coopetitive model of data stewardship. The architecture further integrates with a public-chain value layer, enabling tokenization pathways and interoperability with emerging Web3 and Real-World Asset (RWA) climate-finance mechanisms. The results demonstrate how decentralized infrastructure, cryptographic verification, and polycentric governance can jointly improve data integrity, transparency, and market relevance in MRV systems. The paper concludes by outlining empirical pilot pathways and future research directions in AI-assisted verification, dynamic standardization, and climate-linked digital finance.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1842153</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1842153</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Correction: Digital transformation in climate change management: tools for managing droughts, floods, and frost in South America: a systematic review]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-09T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Correction</category>
        <author>Del Piero R. Arana-Ruedas</author><author>Edwin Pino-Vargas</author><author>Sandra del Águila-Ríos</author><author>Lía Ramos-Fernández</author>
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1794627</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1794627</link>
        <title><![CDATA[How do students and pre-service teachers perceive the climate crisis and global warming through the IPCC Lens?]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-09T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Yiğit Cebeci</author><author>Hüseyin Çalışkan</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Conceptual clarity in climate-related terminology is essential for enabling individuals to accurately interpret environmental phenomena and develop well-grounded attitudes. Despite growing scholarly attention to climate perceptions, comparative studies examining how secondary school students and pre-service teachers simultaneously conceptualise both the climate crisis and global warming remain limited. This study addresses that gap by investigating these perceptions through the globally recognised framework of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which encompasses not only physical and scientific dimensions but also social, psychological, governance, and ecological ones. Employing a phenomenological research design, this study comparatively examined how 18 secondary school students from a public secondary school and 24 pre-service teachers from a public university in Türkiye conceptualised the climate crisis and global warming through metaphors during the 2024–2025 academic year. Data were collected via a semi-structured, open-ended Metaphor Perception Form and subjected to descriptive analysis grounded in an IPCC-derived thematic framework comprising six categories: Physical Threat and Scientific Findings; Social Vulnerability and Justice; Psychological Perception and Uncertainty; Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies; Science, Policy, and Decision-Making; and Ecosystem and Natural The study identified 12 distinct metaphors for the climate crisis and 14 for global warming among students, and 21 for the climate crisis and 22 for global warming among pre-service teachers. In both groups, metaphors most frequently corresponded to the Physical Threat and Scientific Findings category. Students produced no metaphors aligned with Social Vulnerability and Justice, Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies, or Science, Policy, and Decision-Making for either phenomenon. Pre-service teachers similarly produced no metaphors within Social Vulnerability and Justice for the climate crisis, nor within Social Vulnerability and Justice or Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies for global warming. The predominance of threat-centred metaphors across both groups suggests that climate-related learning remains anchored in physical and disaster-oriented frames, with justice, governance, and mitigation dimensions largely absent from participants’ conceptual repertoires. These findings highlight the need for pedagogical approaches that move beyond disaster imagery toward climate justice, democratic agency, and active participation in solution processes within both secondary and teacher education contexts.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1801624</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1801624</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Open government data as a driver of climate resilience and digital transformation in Tanzania agriculture]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-02T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Ruth Samwel Temba</author><author>Liya Di</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The study investigated the role of Open Government Data (OGD) toward improving climate resilience and digital transformation in the agricultural sector in Magu District, Tanzania. The study was guided by the Public Value Theory and Adaptive Governance Theory and focused on; examining the access and use of OGD, the role of OGD in promoting climate resilience among stakeholders and the impact of OGD on digital transformation in agriculture. The study utilized a mixed methods approach, with the use of interviews and structured surveys of 316 respondents. Results showed moderate awareness along with access to OGD services, but actual usage remained low due to low digital literacy, language barriers, and infrastructure challenges. Despite the adoption of climate-smart agriculture initiatives such as drought-resistant crops and improved soil conservation, the adoption of digital platforms in agriculture is still low. Correlational analysis revealed a notable but moderate association between access to OGD and advancement in digital transformation. The study recommends that to leverage maximum public value as well as resilience benefits of OGD, there is a need to strategically design digital language skills and participatory policy framing tailored to the local communities.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1779183</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1779183</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Neural network-based approach to evaluate convective hazards frequency shift under climate change]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-30T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Mikhail Mozikov</author><author>Daria Taniushkina</author><author>Alexander Bulkin</author><author>Yuanchao Liu</author><author>Nazar Sotiriadi</author><author>Andrey Osiptsov</author><author>Roman Sultimov</author><author>Ilya Makarov</author><author>Yury Maximov</author>
        <description><![CDATA[This study addresses challenges in predicting extreme weather events, including intense rainfall, hail, and strong winds. Such events pose significant threats to infrastructure and human life, and their frequency has been increasing due to climate change. We show, that integrating climate forecasts with modern machine learning techniques improves prediction accuracy and helps identify regions where these events may become more frequent and dangerous. To achieve reliable predictions, we propose a robust neural network architecture that outperforms several common baselines in accuracy and reliability. Our model leverages problem-specific physics encapsulated in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project data. The analysis also highlight the impact of rugged terrain on the risk distribution of extreme weather events. The proposed model has significant potential to support mid-term adaptation strategies in response to climate change.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1764243</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1764243</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Digital versus traditional agricultural extension for promoting climate-adaptive grape farming in the West Bank of Palestine: a randomized controlled trial protocol]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-26T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Study Protocol</category>
        <author>Amin Abu-Alsoud</author><author>Ameur Mehrez</author><author>Houcine Bchini</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundRainfed grape cultivation in the occupied West Bank of Palestine, a vital source of livelihood for over 7,000 farmers is under significant threat from climate change. While effective extension is crucial for building resilience, access to these services is highly limited by political and logistic challenges, with only 7.1% of farmers currently reached. Digital extension presents a potential solution to overcome these barriers, but rigorous evidence of its effectiveness in conflict-prone environments is lacking, as observational data is prone to selection bias, making it difficult to isolate the true impact of the intervention.ObjectiveThis study aims to address this critical evidence gap by rigorously evaluating the comparative effectiveness of digital and traditional extension services in a conflict-affected setting. It is the first experimental evaluation of its kind in a context where political constraints impede service delivery.MethodsWe are conducting a two-arm, individually randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 795 grape farmers in the Bethlehem and Hebron districts. The intervention arm will receive digital extension through agent-facilitated websites and WhatsApp groups, featuring instructional videos, peer-to-peer learning, and access to experts. This digital approach is specifically designed to overcome the logistic and security challenges of in-person service delivery in a region with restricted movement. The control arm will continue to receive standard services from the Ministry of Agriculture (MOA). The primary outcomes are the quality of climate-adaptive practice adoption and gross margin. Secondary outcomes include productivity, farmer capacity, and engagement with extension services. The study employs a pre-registered protocol with stratified randomization and measures to prevent contamination, ensuring internal validity and reproducibility. We will also assess implementation fidelity, cost-effectiveness, and causal-pathways through mediations analysis.SignificanceBy providing robust, causally identified evidence, the findings from this RCT will inform policymakers and international donors on whether digital platforms offer a cost-effective and scalable model for reaching marginalized farming communities in the conflict-affected regions. This research will contribute to the development of climate resilience and the design of evidence-based resource allocation for agricultural extension systems.Clinical trial registrationhttps://doi.org/10.1257/rct.16046-2.1, AEARCTR-0016046.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1779948</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1779948</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Mapping climate smart agricultural interventions in rice cultivation: a lexicometric and systematic review of methane emissions and yield outcomes]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-24T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Systematic Review</category>
        <author>Ravi Divyasri</author><author>Paul J. Mansingh</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionClimate Smart Agriculture (CSA) is a strategic framework designed to achieve productivity, resilience, and mitigation simultaneously. In rice cultivation, major CSA interventions are increasingly studied but evidence remains fragmented. This review consolidates global findings to clarify adoption drivers, intervention effectiveness, and thematic evolution.MethodsA systematic literature review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Sixty-one peer-reviewed articles (2015–2025) from Scopus and Web of Science were analyzed. Bibliometric mapping, lexicometric analysis, and the PICO framework structured the synthesis. Tools including Biblioshiny, CiteSpace, VOS Viewer, and IRaMuTeQ were used to examine collaboration networks, discourse clusters, and intervention outcomes.ResultsThe review identified consistent evidence of CSA’s potential to reduce methane emissions and enhance rice yields. Bundled interventions demonstrated stronger performance than single practices. Socioeconomic and demographic factors such as education, credit, and extension services were found to significantly influence adoption. Lexicometric analysis revealed convergence of discourse around sustainability, resilience, and innovation. Bibliometric mapping highlighted rapid growth of CSA-rice research, strong international collaboration, and concentration within key journals and author clusters.Discussion and conclusionCSA in rice cultivation delivers measurable triple-win outcomes but adoption remains uneven due to socio-institutional barriers. Policy frameworks integrating technical, financial, and social mechanisms are essential for scaling. Future research should prioritize comparative trials across regions, inclusion of demographic variables, and equity considerations to strengthen generalizability and guide targeted investments.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1691030</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1691030</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Improved seasonal precipitation forecasts for the Blue Nile Basin: a deep learning approach]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-24T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Rebecca Wiegels</author><author>Christian Chwala</author><author>Julius Polz</author><author>Luca Glawion</author><author>Christof Lorenz</author><author>Tanja C. Schober</author><author>Harald Kunstmann</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Seasonal precipitation forecasts are essential for climate-sensitive sectors such as agriculture and water management in East Africa. However, the application of seasonal forecasts at regional scales requires post-processing due to systematic errors and insufficient spatial resolution to capture local characteristics. Yet current statistical methods have remaining limitations in terms of spatial consistency and the representation of extreme events. Here, we propose a deep learning approach, Seasonal AFNOCast, based on an adaptive Fourier Neural Operator architecture, to bias-correct and downscale SEAS5 precipitation forecasts for the Blue Nile Basin, a transboundary catchment in Ethiopia and Sudan. We evaluate Seasonal AFNOCast alongside the established statistical method, Bias Correction and Spatial Disaggregation (BCSD), using forecasts from 2017–2023. Results show that both methods substantially improve precipitation distributions, spatial patterns, and the Continuous Ranked Probability Skill Score (CRPSS) of approx. 0.3 compared to raw SEAS5. Despite only modest improvements over climatology across the entire evaluation period (CRPSS approx. 0.03), both methods show clear skill enhancements during the months March to May (MAM), a highly variable yet operationally critical season for decision-making. While onset predictability remains challenging at a seasonal scale, even after post-processing, this study identifies key differences in the application of the post-processing methods: BCSD performs best at short lead times, whereas Seasonal AFNOCast maintains higher skill at longer leads and indicates an improved representation of high-intensity rainfall and spatial frequency characteristics. Moreover, Seasonal AFNOCast generates forecasts 5–20 times faster than BCSD, making it particularly suitable for operational contexts. Our findings show that deep learning can complement and extend conventional post-processing, improving seasonal forecasts for subsequent applications and supporting hydrological and agricultural decision-making where representation of extreme events and spatial consistency, as well as computational efficiency, are critical.]]></description>
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