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        <title>Frontiers in Cognition | New and Recent Articles</title>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cognition</link>
        <description>RSS Feed for Frontiers in Cognition | New and Recent Articles</description>
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        <pubDate>2026-04-15T19:06:17.942+00:00</pubDate>
        <ttl>60</ttl>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1719931</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1719931</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Interbrain connectivity during mindfulness and meditation: narrative review of hyperscanning research]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Mini Review</category>
        <author>Lorne Schussel</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Over the past century, research on meditation and mindfulness has aimed to characterize the behavioral phenomenology and the neurophysiology of the contemplative mind. In recent years, investigators have extended this work beyond single participants to dyads and larger groups using hyperscanning (the simultaneous recording of neural activity from two or more individuals). This narrative review synthesizes interbrain connectivity research and explores dyadic synchrony findings within mindfulness and meditation practices. Among the selected studies (n = 7), interbrain synchronization was observed across protocols and spectral bands in five studies. Anterior theta phase synchrony was evident during cooperation tasks following mindfulness induction. Motor coordination tasks with shared breathing and physical mirroring elicited alpha, theta, and delta coherence in frontal brain regions. Gamma synchrony increased in socio-emotional paradigms and among expert meditators practicing together. Dyadic coupling in lower-frequency spectral bands was potentiated when breath focus was combined with a shared goal. The evidence reviewed suggests that interbrain synchrony varies as a function of expertise, task heterogeneity, and personality traits such as agreeableness.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1795815</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1795815</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Sources of knowledge—causation begets entropy increase, time progression, and information flow]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Conceptual Analysis</category>
        <author>Georg Franz Weber</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The quest for knowledge has led to longstanding investigations into its sources. The foundation in information (data, evidence) is a cornerstone for the delineation of knowledge from belief or conviction. Through the execution of occurrences in the world, information flow is generated, which is observable and measurable in conceptual space with Lyapunov exponents and information dimensions. All occurrences have causes, which precede their effects, temporally and mechanistically. After much debate over the nature of cause-effect relationships, consensus has evolved, which interprets causation as the transfer of a preserved property (energy or momentum). This transfer modifies the thermodynamic entropy in closed and open systems alike. Independently, time progression has been characterized as being rooted in a transfer of heat (energy). Thus, causation is the driver of both, changes in thermodynamic entropy and time progression. It also effectuates a measurable evolution of information. With the acceptance of these interpretations, the underpinning of knowledge finds a unique definition. The essential causation of occurrences begets an information evolution, which—if observed in the process of scientific inquiry—serves as a basis for the generation of knowledge. Information flows not observed become lost to human access through dissipation in time and entropy.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1565885</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1565885</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Conflict and control in error monitoring during sustained visual discrimination]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-02T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Taylor M. Curley</author><author>L. Jack Rhodes</author><author>Lorraine Borghetti</author><author>Megan B. Morris</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Increases in response errors across time-on-task are ubiquitous in vigilance research, particularly for tasks that require visual operations. An important aspect of vigilance tasks is response monitoring, particularly when a prepotent response must be inhibited. Neural indices of performance monitoring, such as the error-related negativity (ERN), provide strong evidence for changes in response conflict across time during vigilance tasks; however, it is unclear whether the allocation of additional cognitive resources (i.e., working memory) during such tasks leads to differences in response errors and performance monitoring. To examine this relationship, we employed a visual discrimination task in which participants must compare pairs of lines either to each other (simultaneous discrimination) or to a template held in working memory (successive discrimination) and decide whether to withhold or provide a response across 4 blocks of trials. We predicted lower ERN amplitudes and greater false alarm rates during visual discrimination trials that employ working memory (successive discrimination) compared to those that do not (simultaneous discrimination). While ERN peak amplitude was significantly greater during simultaneous compared to successive discrimination for incorrect responses, participants showed significantly higher false alarm rates during simultaneous discrimination, contrary to our hypotheses. To further investigate these results, we developed and examined outputs from computational models of the two experimental tasks based on a parallel-distributed processing account of cognitive control in which working memory (during successive discrimination), response conflict, and effortful control modulate continuous task performance. Task simulations suggest that pre-stimulus processing of a working memory template during successive discrimination helps to lower false alarms and alleviate post-stimulus error monitoring. These results are interpreted in the context of resource allocation and compensatory control with respect to the vigilance decrement.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1755134</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1755134</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Examining the associations of self-control with physical fitness, cardiometabolic health, and well-being in young people aged 9–13 years]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-01T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Anna Dunn</author><author>Ryan A. Williams</author><author>Karah J. Dring</author><author>Simon B. Cooper</author><author>Ruth Boat</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundPrevious research has demonstrated that high self-control is associated with cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity in young people. However, the associations of self-control with objective health measures (blood pressure, blood glucose, and plasma insulin), different components of physical fitness (motor and musculoskeletal fitness), motor competence and well-being remain largely unexplored.MethodsUtilizing a cross-sectional design, 149 young people (aged 9–13 years) from the East Midlands, England completed measures of self-control, physical fitness, adiposity, well-being, motor competence, and cardiometabolic health. Univariate Pearson correlations, best-subset regression and simple linear regression analyses were conducted.ResultsHigh self-control was associated with better well-being (r = 0.43, p < 0.001) and higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (r = 0.21, p = 0.012), musculoskeletal fitness (r = 0.19, p = 0.020), and motor fitness (r = 0.23, p = 0.004). Best subset regression modeling identified the combination of predictors that best explained the variance in self-control, which included well-being, physical fitness (time on 4 x 10 m shuttle run), and HOMA-IR, with these effects independent of each other. Each individual component of well-being (physical well-being; p < 0.001, psychological well-being; p < 0.001, autonomy and parents; p < 0.001, and school environment; p < 0.001) was positively associated with self-control.ConclusionsThe present study's findings support the notion that self-control could be a significant and attractive target for future interventions focused at encouraging healthy behaviors in young people, and ultimately enhancing well being.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1765217</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1765217</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Hippocampal connectivity predicting recognition and categorization abilities]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-31T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Kyla Brannigan</author><author>Lea Frank</author><author>Dagmar Zeithamova</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionFlexible use of memory involves both the ability to form detailed memories of individual experiences (specificity) and to generalize across related experiences (generalization). Memory specificity and generalization have been attributed to distinct neocortical regions, such as ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) and ventromedial PFC respectively. The hippocampus has been traditionally associated with memory specificity, but more recent work highlights additional role in generalization. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the hippocampus supports both memory specificity and generalization, but through interactions with distinct cortical regions.MethodsFifty-two adults learned to categorize blended face stimuli, enabling both extraction of category structure (generalization) and encoding of item-specific features (specificity). Background functional connectivity was measured using fMRI during passive viewing of the same faces before and after learning.ResultsParticipants showed robust category learning, above-chance recognition of studied faces from similar lures, and successful category generalization to novel category members. Recognition and categorization performance were not highly correlated, suggesting distinct processes supporting each memory function. In the brain, we found distinct connectivity profiles of anterior hippocampus, presumed to preferentially contribute to generalization, and posterior hippocampus, presumed to preferentially contribute to specificity. Learning led to increased anterior hippocampal connectivity with default mode regions including ventromedial PFC, and posterior hippocampal connectivity with visual cortex. Increased anterior hippocampal connectivity with ventromedial PFC, somatomotor cortex, and visual cortex predicted better category generalization, whereas increased posterior hippocampal connectivity with ventrolateral PFC predicted more accurate face recognition. Exploratory analyses revealed widespread learning-related changes in cortico-cortical interactions, with changes in connectivity among visual, somatomotor, and default mode networks predicting categorization.DiscussionTogether, these findings support the notion that the hippocampus supports both memory specificity and generalization through interactions with distinct cortical networks. These results advance mechanistic accounts of how the hippocampus and cortex coordinate to balance competing memory demands.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1767189</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1767189</link>
        <title><![CDATA[The case for value as a common currency in decision-making and intersystem competition]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-20T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Hypothesis and Theory</category>
        <author>Chandra Sripada</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Inspired by economic theory, theorists in neuroeconomics and related areas of cognitive science contend that value serves as a common currency for selection among options. Although support for the view has grown over three decades, critics have recently raised serious concerns. They argue that there are a number of pathways to action that bypass value; dissimilar psychological systems do not share a common value currency; and the view cannot accommodate well documented kinds of “irrationality,” such as context effects. This article offers a systematic response. Key refinements are made to the common currency view, distinguishing common currencies that operate at two phases (decision-phase and learning-phase) and at two levels (options-level and meta-level). A further distinction is made between mechanistic common currency models utilized in cognitive science and axiomatic common currency models associated with expected utility theory and utilized in economics. These refinements help address the criticisms and yield a more nuanced understanding of the role of value in human decision-making.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1714095</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1714095</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Influences of dynamic and static retrieval cues on memory for events]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-17T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Brief Research Report</category>
        <author>Megan S. Smithwick</author><author>Alan W. Kersten</author><author>Kevin P. Darby</author><author>Julie L. Earles</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Prior research on recognition memory has commonly used static cues (e.g., images) to evaluate familiarity-based item memory and recollection-based associative memory. Dynamic cues (e.g., videos) offer spatiotemporal information that may alter retrieval processes. In the present study, we examined how retrieval cue type (images vs. videos) and presentation duration affect memory accuracy and reaction times (RTs). Participants (N = 188) encoded video clips of actors performing actions. At retrieval, they viewed images or videos for a short (733 ms) or long (1,466 ms) duration. Test items included old (intact actor-action pairings) and conjunction (recombined actor-action pairings) items to evaluate associative memory, and new actor (unfamiliar actor, familiar action) and new action (familiar actor, unfamiliar action) items to assess item memory. Analyses of memory performance revealed that videos at retrieval facilitated the rejection of new action items, while simultaneously promoting a greater tendency to endorse new actor items compared to images. A hierarchical ex-Gaussian model indicated that short viewing durations at retrieval led to slower average RTs and increased the frequency of very long RTs, whereas static image cues were associated with greater RT variability and increased the prevalence of prolonged memory searches. Longer viewing durations reduced the occurrence of extended memory searches for associative decisions, particularly for conjunction items. Dynamic and static retrieval cues thus differentially influenced the familiarity of individual features of an event, whereas the associative binding of those features was primarily influenced by stimulus duration, regardless of whether those stimuli were static or dynamic.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1715793</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1715793</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Curiosity in younger and older adults: the relationship between information value and memory]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Michelle E. Hirsch</author><author>William Fisher</author><author>Andrée-Ann Cyr</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionCuriosity is a fundamental drive experienced throughout the lifespan. Beyond its health benefits, curiosity is associated with enhanced memory: Greater curiosity about information predicts improved recall in both younger and older adults. Recent work indicates that not only curiosity but also satisfaction with information and information prediction errors (IPEs)—the discrepancy between curiosity and satisfaction—can influence memory. However, less is known about how aging influences these affective variables.MethodsIn this study, younger and older adults viewed trivia questions and rated their curiosity to learn the answers and their confidence in their knowledge of the answer. After the answer was shown, participants rated how satisfying they found it.ResultsNo age differences were observed: Across both age groups, confidence, satisfaction, and IPEs similarly predicted recall memory. In contrast, curiosity did not predict better recall memory in either age group, suggesting that satisfaction with information and IPEs play a more central role in learning trivia answers.DiscussionOverall, these findings show that pre- and post-information evaluations work cooperatively and independently to support memory across the lifespan.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1781233</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1781233</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Temporal variability in pupillary asymmetry reflects ADHD-related traits in preschool and early school-aged children]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-11T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Brief Research Report</category>
        <author>Sou Nobukawa</author><author>Isshu Wakita</author><author>Aya Shirama</author><author>Shingo Ofuchi</author><author>Ayumu Ueno</author><author>Kohei Okamoto</author><author>Hina Nishimura</author><author>Masahide Seto</author><author>Ayaka Yamauchi</author><author>Shuji Igawa</author><author>Tomiki Sumiyoshi</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often emerges in early childhood; however, objective validated biomarkers for its early detection remain limited. In this study, we aimed to identify pupil-based candidate physiological markers (i.e., physiological correlates) associated with ADHD-related traits in preschool- and early school-aged children. To this end, we recorded the pupil diameters of typically developing children without an ADHD diagnosis during a simple fixation task. From these data, we extracted multiple features, including the mean pupil size, temporal variability, and interocular asymmetry in both magnitude and variability. ADHD-related tendencies were assessed using the ADHD Rating Scale-5. Among the features analyzed, only the temporal variability of interocular asymmetry (VarLRdiff) showed a significant positive correlation with ADHD Rating Scale-5 total and subscale scores. This association likely reflects the combined effects of immature autonomic regulation and functional asymmetry in the neural circuits involving the locus coeruleus. In contrast, other pupil-based indices showed no significant correlations, potentially because of developmental ceiling effects and the short evaluation duration. These findings suggest that VarLRdiff may serve as a promising candidate physiological marker of ADHD-related traits in young children, requiring further validation. Future studies incorporating longer recordings, advanced analytical methods, and evaluation of test–retest stability, as well as longitudinal follow-up, are warranted to evaluate its potential utility for early screening, pending clinical and longitudinal validation.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1638501</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1638501</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Gender identity impacts the perception of vocal congruence]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-10T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Chiara De Livio</author><author>Claudia Mazzuca</author><author>Chiara Fini</author><author>Anna M. Borghi</author>
        <description><![CDATA[This study investigated vocal congruence, i.e., the alignment between self-voice perception and the sense of identity, across cisgender and transgender and gender non-conforming (TGNC) participants (N = 44) in three conditions: Silent Reading, Reading Aloud, and Listening to recorded speech. Results revealed that TGNC participants reported significantly lower vocal congruence than cisgender participants across all experimental conditions, with the starkest difference in conditions where auditory feedback was present. This experience of incongruence appears to be modulated by interoceptive sensibility and alexithymia, with TGNC individuals reporting lower interoceptive trust and higher levels of alexithymia. Emotional awareness was positively linked to inner-voice congruence in the TGNC group. Additionally, aspects related to gender-minority stress predicted lower congruence. These findings highlight the complex interplay between gender identity, interoception, emotion regulation strategies, and voice perception.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1664983</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1664983</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Assessing the stability of tactical learning in youth footballers: the contribution of a metacognitive double-pass method]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-05T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Dimitri Acoumambo</author><author>Bachir Zoudji</author><author>Hatem Belhouchet</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The stability of tactical learning in youth football remains insfficiently explored. This study examined players' explicit recognition of taught tactical content and the short-term stability of these judgements using a metacognitive double-pass (DP) method. A total of 225 youth footballers (U-13, U-15, U-18; n = 75 per group) completed both a single-pass (SP) and a delayed double-pass DP assessment across 40 standardized animated tactical scenarios. Results revealed a clear decline from SP to DP, suggesting overestimation in immediate (SP) judgements. Although stability improved with age, it did not approach high declarative integration, even in U-18s. These findings support the use of DP method as a conservative indicator of declarative accessibility and underline the importance of instruction that fosters guided verbalisation, reflective practice, and metacognitive monitoring. The double-pass approch thus appears to be a valuable tool for refining formative assessment in sport contexts.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1813340</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1813340</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Correction: Cognitive load-dependent effects of HD-tDCS on the executive vigilance decrement: insights from aperiodic EEG activity]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-04T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Correction</category>
        <author>Klara Hemmerich</author><author>Juan Lupiáñez</author><author>Elisa Martín-Arévalo</author><author>Roi Cohen Kadosh</author>
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1695132</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1695132</link>
        <title><![CDATA[The impact of language context on inter-brain synchrony in bilingual families]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-02-18T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Efstratia Papoutselou</author><author>Nivetha Saravanan</author><author>Guangting Mai</author><author>Samantha Harrison</author><author>Hilal Dogan Sezer</author><author>Douglas Hartley</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundBilingualism is increasingly common in families worldwide, yet bilingual individuals remain underrepresented in developmental neuroscience research. In simultaneous bilingualism, children typically acquire two languages simultaneously from birth, while their parents tend to learn the societal language later in life. These differences in language acquisition may influence how parents and children communicate, particularly when interacting in a second language. Neural synchrony, the temporal alignment of brain activity between individuals, has emerged as a key mechanism underlying social connection, communication, and learning in early development. However, little is known about how language choice affects neural synchrony in bilingual parent–child interactions.MethodsThis study used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) hyperscanning to simultaneously record brain activity from 15 bilingual mother–child dyads during naturalistic play. Each dyad completed three conditions: collaborative play in the mother's native language, collaborative play in English (the mother's second language), and independent play. Neural activity was recorded from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and temporoparietal junction (TPJ), regions associated with social cognition, joint attention, and mentalising. Families took part in a naturalistic free play paradigm, allowing them to interact in a comfortable and ecologically valid manner.ResultsBoth native- and English-language play elicited significantly greater neural synchrony across the PFC and the TPJ than independent play, validating the use of naturalistic free play paradigms. No significant overall differences emerged between native and English play, indicating that bilingual dyads maintain inter-brain coupling across languages when both partners are proficient. Exploratory analyses suggested a trend toward higher child-directed synchrony in English play and age-related trends in mother-directed synchrony; however, these effects did not reach statistical significance.DiscussionOur findings show that bilingualism does not compromise mother–child neural synchrony, supporting the inclusion of linguistically diverse families in developmental neuroscience. They underscore the value of naturalistic paradigms and highlight the need for future research on language proficiency, partner familiarity, and behavioral correlates of synchrony. This work highlights the importance of studying bilingual families in ecologically valid contexts to better understand how language use influences neural coupling in early development.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1686530</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1686530</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Cognitive mapping to decode farmers' mindsets in agricultural decision-making: a systematic review]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-02-16T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Systematic Review</category>
        <author>Arunachalam Panchatcharam SriVidhya</author><author>Paul J. Mansingh</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundFarmers decision-making processes are critical to the implementation of technologies and climate-resilient sustainable practices. These decisions are subject to complex thinking processes, which include risk perception and belief systems. This systematic review explains the decision-making process of farmers, through cognitive mapping. Moreover, it examines mental models, perception, belief system and cause-effect relationship of farmers with particular attention given to their behavior and practices.MethodsThe research adopted the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) framework. It utilized Scopus and Web of Science databases to retrieve 80 articles. The main aim was to identify research trends and gaps through bibliometric analysis and the TCCM framework by focusing on major theories, contexts, characteristics, and methodologies of agricultural cognitive-mapping research.ResultsThe major trends identified in this study are risk perception in agricultural economics, climatic change, technology adoption, conservative agricultural and sustainability. The major stakeholders considered included farmers (cattle, pig, rice, and date farmers), extension agents, policymakers, NGOs, rural households, agro-industries, technology providers, and the holders of indigenous knowledge. There are still major gaps in understanding the psychological and cognitive processes underlying the decisions of farmers: longitudinal studies are limited, the role of gender is not studied thoroughly, particularly in the conditions of climate-change effects and policy shifts.DiscussionThough, the mental model, perceptions, and belief systems have a significant impact on agricultural decision-making, there are still gaps in the comprehension of psychological and cognitive mechanisms involved since it is a persistent problem in the agricultural decision-making process. Future studies must incorporate the behavioral psychology, mixed-methods and cross-cultural research designs to develop integrated models that support agricultural sustainability and resilience.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1727891</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1727891</link>
        <title><![CDATA[A quantum probabilistic framework for reasoning coherence under contextual variability]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-02-11T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Hypothesis and Theory</category>
        <author>Geoffrey Whittle-Walls</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Human reasoning is traditionally modeled through rational-order frameworks that assume stability, separability, and coherence. Yet across judgment, valuation, perception, and social decision-making, empirical work consistently reveals patterned violations of these assumptions. These deviations intensify in real-world contexts shaped by institutional constraints, identity commitments, and collective narratives, where reasoning must navigate incompatible interpretive frames and interdependent evaluative pressures. Existing theories typically treat such phenomena as noise, bias, or bounded rationality, leaving no formal account of how rational-order rules interact with the variability inherent in social domains. This article proposes a structural framework that explains why these two regimes diverge and how their interaction produces systematic mismatches. Building on quantum probability theory, not as a physical metaphor but as a representational tool, it formalizes evaluative states that remain indeterminate until elicited, transform under contextual modulation, and become relationally coupled across agents and domains. Whereas, existing quantum-cognition models primarily address task-level effects such as conjunction errors or order dependence, this framework scales quantum principles to socially and institutionally embedded reasoning. The account identifies contradiction, interference, entanglement, and resolution as recurrent properties of real-world cognition and shows how quantum formalisms provide a coherent vocabulary for capturing these phenomena. To support cumulative progress, the article outlines a research agenda with empirically testable designs for distinguishing incompatible bases, assessing inseparability, modeling context-driven transformations, and integrating multi-level reasoning environments. This program positions quantum and classical approaches within a unified architecture and advances a broader science of reasoning.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1689600</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1689600</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Bi-temporal processing in music notation reading: a theory linking prediction, memory, and automaticity]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-02-06T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Hypothesis and Theory</category>
        <author>Karen L. Heath</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Reading music notation requires musicians to extract and interpret visual information in real time while simultaneously anticipating future performance actions. This dual engagement, in which one acts in the present while processing material to be performed in the future, suggests that music reading relies on a bi-temporal cognitive architecture. Grounded in this premise, this theoretical paper develops a model that integrates Hebbian learning and automaticity as core mechanisms supporting the simultaneous perceptual and anticipatory demands of notation-based music performance. A systematic review of neuroimaging studies involving music-reading tasks was conducted to evaluate current evidence on the neural correlates of notation processing. The results of the review showed that music reading engaged distributed cortical and subcortical networks, including regions commonly implicated in text reading, and recruited auditory-motor integration systems essential for music performance. However, most studies isolated single parameters of notation (e.g., pitch identification), thereby limiting ecological validity and constraining interpretations of how musicians process in real-world contexts that require concurrent multi-parameter integration. Complementary research on cognitive prediction, sensorimotor coupling, and perceptual-motor learning demonstrates that musicians employ a dual-pathway system of immediate perception and forward prediction, shaped by Hebbian synaptic strengthening and the development of automaticity through repeated procedural engagement. Synthesizing these findings, this article proposes a bi-temporal cognitive model of music-notation processing that accounts for dynamic interplay between associative learning, predictive processing, and automated motor execution. The implications of this model for cognitive theory and music pedagogy are discussed, with recommendations for empirical approaches to test the bi-temporal framework and advance understanding of real-time cognitive coordination in music performance.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1677285</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1677285</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Cognitive load-dependent effects of HD-tDCS on the executive vigilance decrement: insights from aperiodic EEG activity]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-01-22T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Klara Hemmerich</author><author>Juan Lupiáñez</author><author>Elisa Martín-Arévalo</author><author>Roi Cohen Kadosh</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionThis study investigated cognitive-load-dependent effects of high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) on the executive vigilance (EV) decrement and its modulation by aperiodic electroencephalography (EEG) markers. Given the relevance of vigilance for daily functioning and its susceptibility to decline over time, we examined whether HD-tDCS could counteract this decrement under varying cognitive demands.MethodsIn a between-participant design (N = 180), anodal HD-tDCS was applied over the right posterior parietal cortex (rPPC) during performance of a single-, dual-, or triple-task, with on-task EEG recorded pre- and post-stimulation. Power spectra were parametrized to extract aperiodic (non-oscillatory) components; the aperiodic exponent and offset across two frequency ranges (1–35 and 30–45 Hz).ResultsHD-tDCS induced a reduction in the aperiodic exponent within the 30–45 Hz range (i.e., flattening of the spectral slope), consistent with increased cortical excitation. This change was associated with a mitigated EV decrement under high task demand and an exacerbated decrement under low demand, suggesting a mechanistic link between changes in excitation/inhibition balance and behavioral outcomes. However, these effects reached significance only under a directional hypothesis and seemed to be obscured by a push-pull relationship with the aperiodic offset, indicating a more complex interaction between local excitability and broadband spectral dynamics. Baseline aperiodic markers did not significantly moderate the stimulation effect but predicted overall task performance, independent of stimulation.DiscussionThese findings suggest a mechanistic understanding of how endogenous neural activity, specifically, aperiodic EEG features, modulates brain stimulation outcomes. By demonstrating that HD-tDCS effects vary as a function of cognitive load and spectral dynamics, the study underscores the need for future research, centered on refined, state-sensitive stimulation protocols to mitigate the EV decrement.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1688754</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1688754</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Time in mind: a multidisciplinary review on temporal perception, cognition, and memory]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-01-21T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Jeffery R. L. Pendleton</author><author>Nicola S. Clayton</author>
        <description><![CDATA[This review examines temporal cognition through the lens of Mental Time Travel (MTT): the subjective experience of recalling past events and using them to construct future scenarios. The analysis specifically addresses how language and cultural context affect these abilities, integrating psychology, linguistics, cognitive neuroscience, and anthropology. Findings from comparative cognition challenge whether they are uniquely human. Although such an approach was traditionally taken in non-human primates, the field of comparative cognition has become much more diverse. Comparative insights derived from studies of corvid and cephalopod cognition are particularly pertinent, as they suggest these abilities have evolved more widely within the animal kingdom, especially in groups with very different neural architectures, raising questions about whether these abilities have evolved convergently in species undergoing similar selection pressures or independently in those subject to different selection pressures, as opposed to homologous evolution widespread amongst these animal taxa. These evolutionary perspectives inform theories of human temporal cognition and Mental Time Travel, influencing memory encoding and retrieval processes, false memory production, as well as the mechanisms underlying temporal cognition, such as episodic memory formation, interval timing, and circadian modulation of memory consolidation. Additionally, the review evaluates evidence on the cognitive impact of technological tools (calendars, clocks, and other technologies) used to externalize and standardize temporal frameworks, including implications for subjective perception and memory accuracy, and identifies directions for future interdisciplinary research. Building on this synthesis, we advance five core claims: that elements of temporal cognition likely arise under convergent evolutionary pressures; that language, culture, and social organization tune how people represent and use time; that technologies which externalize time can reshape behavior by aligning with or pulling against internally constructed event time; that memory is adaptively biased toward flexible, future-oriented construction rather than veridical record; and that these processes are structured by “mind time” and extended via transpersonal extended mental time travel, whereby shared representations support the projection and coordination of futures across individuals and generations.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1719312</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1719312</link>
        <title><![CDATA[An integrative review on unveiling the causes and effects of decision fatigue to develop a multi-domain conceptual framework]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-01-09T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Systematic Review</category>
        <author>Nurul Ahad Choudhury</author><author>Pratima Saravanan</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Decision fatigue leads to reduced efficiency in the rate and quality of decisions. Thus, examining the reasons behind decision fatigue and comprehending its influence on decision-making in various professional domains is pivotal to improving the decision-making process. The aim of this integrative review is to investigate the causes and effects of decision fatigue from the existing literature and develop a framework that can be applied across different domains. A comprehensive literature search in three databases identified 1,027 articles on decision fatigue. After screening the articles using Integrative reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) and Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) appraisal methods, 23 articles investigating decision fatigue across various domains were selected. The selected articles were investigated through root cause analysis and thematic synthesis. Findings revealed ten causes of decision fatigue, which were classified as individual, organizational, and external causes, and four primary effects and seven secondary effects of decision fatigue. Using these findings, a conceptual framework that offers a comprehensive understanding of decision fatigue across diverse domains was developed. Knowledge of what causes decision fatigue can help optimize the decision-making process for decision makers. This study contributes to the concept of decision fatigue within organizational settings to enhance organizational behavior, psychology, and offers implications for improving decision-making processes in diverse professional domains. The findings can help develop interventions to mitigate decision fatigue and improve overall decision-making.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1623712</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1623712</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Representationalism can connect neuroscience and philosophy]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-01-02T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Albert Kok</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Representationalism is the theory that our conscious perception of the world is mediated by mental representations, rather than being a direct encounter with reality. In this article, we define representations in terms of a unified theory of long-term memory that incorporates both its explicit and implicit divisions. Apart from these integrative features, the theory offers the possibility for reconciling perspectives in neuroscience and the philosophy of mind. We address various areas of debate, focusing on concepts such as consciousness, intentionality, emergence, and qualia. We draw the following conclusions based on our framework applied to representational systems. First, conscious experience results from the retrieval of the contents of explicit memory representations from short-term memory. Regarding intentionality, the strong link between intentionality and memory representations allows us to define intentionality, capturing both the “what is it” and “what it is like” aspects. Finally, notions referring to the subjective experiential content of consciousness, such as emergence and “qualia”, are integral to all conscious experience, reflecting memory-emotion interactions realized in neuro-affective networks. Ultimately, we conclude that concepts from the philosophy of mind can be harmonized, in a non-reductionist way, with neurocognitive theories that define memory representations as multilevel networks of large-scale brain systems.]]></description>
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