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        <title>Frontiers in Cognition | Memory section | New and Recent Articles</title>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cognition/sections/memory</link>
        <description>RSS Feed for Memory section in the Frontiers in Cognition journal | New and Recent Articles</description>
        <language>en-us</language>
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        <pubDate>2026-04-05T01:43:44.291+00:00</pubDate>
        <ttl>60</ttl>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1714095</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1714095</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Influences of dynamic and static retrieval cues on memory for events]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-17T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Brief Research Report</category>
        <author>Megan S. Smithwick</author><author>Alan W. Kersten</author><author>Kevin P. Darby</author><author>Julie L. Earles</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Prior research on recognition memory has commonly used static cues (e.g., images) to evaluate familiarity-based item memory and recollection-based associative memory. Dynamic cues (e.g., videos) offer spatiotemporal information that may alter retrieval processes. In the present study, we examined how retrieval cue type (images vs. videos) and presentation duration affect memory accuracy and reaction times (RTs). Participants (N = 188) encoded video clips of actors performing actions. At retrieval, they viewed images or videos for a short (733 ms) or long (1,466 ms) duration. Test items included old (intact actor-action pairings) and conjunction (recombined actor-action pairings) items to evaluate associative memory, and new actor (unfamiliar actor, familiar action) and new action (familiar actor, unfamiliar action) items to assess item memory. Analyses of memory performance revealed that videos at retrieval facilitated the rejection of new action items, while simultaneously promoting a greater tendency to endorse new actor items compared to images. A hierarchical ex-Gaussian model indicated that short viewing durations at retrieval led to slower average RTs and increased the frequency of very long RTs, whereas static image cues were associated with greater RT variability and increased the prevalence of prolonged memory searches. Longer viewing durations reduced the occurrence of extended memory searches for associative decisions, particularly for conjunction items. Dynamic and static retrieval cues thus differentially influenced the familiarity of individual features of an event, whereas the associative binding of those features was primarily influenced by stimulus duration, regardless of whether those stimuli were static or dynamic.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1715793</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1715793</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Curiosity in younger and older adults: the relationship between information value and memory]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Michelle E. Hirsch</author><author>William Fisher</author><author>Andrée-Ann Cyr</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionCuriosity is a fundamental drive experienced throughout the lifespan. Beyond its health benefits, curiosity is associated with enhanced memory: Greater curiosity about information predicts improved recall in both younger and older adults. Recent work indicates that not only curiosity but also satisfaction with information and information prediction errors (IPEs)—the discrepancy between curiosity and satisfaction—can influence memory. However, less is known about how aging influences these affective variables.MethodsIn this study, younger and older adults viewed trivia questions and rated their curiosity to learn the answers and their confidence in their knowledge of the answer. After the answer was shown, participants rated how satisfying they found it.ResultsNo age differences were observed: Across both age groups, confidence, satisfaction, and IPEs similarly predicted recall memory. In contrast, curiosity did not predict better recall memory in either age group, suggesting that satisfaction with information and IPEs play a more central role in learning trivia answers.DiscussionOverall, these findings show that pre- and post-information evaluations work cooperatively and independently to support memory across the lifespan.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1688754</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1688754</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Time in mind: a multidisciplinary review on temporal perception, cognition, and memory]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-01-21T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Jeffery R. L. Pendleton</author><author>Nicola S. Clayton</author>
        <description><![CDATA[This review examines temporal cognition through the lens of Mental Time Travel (MTT): the subjective experience of recalling past events and using them to construct future scenarios. The analysis specifically addresses how language and cultural context affect these abilities, integrating psychology, linguistics, cognitive neuroscience, and anthropology. Findings from comparative cognition challenge whether they are uniquely human. Although such an approach was traditionally taken in non-human primates, the field of comparative cognition has become much more diverse. Comparative insights derived from studies of corvid and cephalopod cognition are particularly pertinent, as they suggest these abilities have evolved more widely within the animal kingdom, especially in groups with very different neural architectures, raising questions about whether these abilities have evolved convergently in species undergoing similar selection pressures or independently in those subject to different selection pressures, as opposed to homologous evolution widespread amongst these animal taxa. These evolutionary perspectives inform theories of human temporal cognition and Mental Time Travel, influencing memory encoding and retrieval processes, false memory production, as well as the mechanisms underlying temporal cognition, such as episodic memory formation, interval timing, and circadian modulation of memory consolidation. Additionally, the review evaluates evidence on the cognitive impact of technological tools (calendars, clocks, and other technologies) used to externalize and standardize temporal frameworks, including implications for subjective perception and memory accuracy, and identifies directions for future interdisciplinary research. Building on this synthesis, we advance five core claims: that elements of temporal cognition likely arise under convergent evolutionary pressures; that language, culture, and social organization tune how people represent and use time; that technologies which externalize time can reshape behavior by aligning with or pulling against internally constructed event time; that memory is adaptively biased toward flexible, future-oriented construction rather than veridical record; and that these processes are structured by “mind time” and extended via transpersonal extended mental time travel, whereby shared representations support the projection and coordination of futures across individuals and generations.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1694055</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1694055</link>
        <title><![CDATA[The need for details for object discrimination and mnemonic discrimination]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-12-09T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Brief Research Report</category>
        <author>Justin M. Palmer</author><author>Aidan Rhodes</author><author>Lee Ryan</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Both mnemonic discrimination and object recognition tasks rely on the utilization of subtle visual details. Successful mnemonic discrimination utilizes the subtle details of an event to orthogonalize highly similar episodic memories, whereas object discrimination is a memory-free skill that utilizes details in order to distinguish between similar stimuli simultaneously presented. Additionally, neuroimaging studies have implicated areas of the medial temporal lobe as important for both mnemonic discrimination and object discrimination, further suggesting that performance on these two tasks are related. However, relatively limited data assessing the relationship between these two processes exist in the literature. Seventy-one cognitively normal participants completed both the Mnemonic Similarity Task (MST) and an object discrimination task used previously by our lab. The MST displayed common objects on a white background and participants identified if the object presented was old, similar, or new compared to objects previously seen in the task. For the object discrimination task, participants were shown a pair of stimuli (blobs or squares) that varied in difficulty (hard or easy). Outcome measures included correct responses to similar objects on the MST (mnemonic discrimination) and proportion of correct matches for hard and easy blobs and squares (object discrimination). Mnemonic discrimination for similar objects were correlated only with hard blobs after correcting for age, sex, and performance on easy trials (r = 0.24). These results might suggest that difficulty with effectively using the subtle details to discriminate between similar objects likely have downstream consequences on mnemonic discrimination that also require the integration of multiple visual details.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1668316</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1668316</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Limits on selecting multiple items from working memory: the role of context and item competition]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-11-11T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Chen Tiferet-Dweck</author><author>Steven Zamora-Romero</author><author>Kerstin Unger</author>
        <description><![CDATA[To support goal-directed behavior, working memory (WM) must allow flexible and efficient access to its contents. While much research has examined how individual items are selected from WM, less is known about the principles guiding the simultaneous selection of multiple contents. Prior work has shown that multi-item access is slower and more error-prone than single-item access. The present study aims to clarify the mechanisms underlying this cost. Specifically, we examine whether the performance decline identified in our prior work reflects increased competition among memory items, among the context representations that guide selection, or both. To distinguish between these possibilities, we used a spatial retrocuing paradigm in which we independently manipulated (1) the number of cued locations (i.e., spatial contexts) and (2) the number of to-be-selected memory items. Across five experiments, we consistently found that cueing two spatial locations—compared to one—substantially delayed selection, even when the number of relevant items was held constant. By contrast, relevant set size had a smaller and less consistent effect on selection speed. These results suggest that the bottleneck in multi-item WM selection arises from the need to use multiple contexts to retrieve the associated memory contents.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1683207</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1683207</link>
        <title><![CDATA[How chronotype, sleep-wake cycle, subjective time experience influence retrospective, and prospective memory functioning]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-10-17T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Marco Fabbri</author><author>Monica Martoni</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundThe sleep-wake cycle and chronotype are key contributors to memory consolidation. Emerging evidence also highlights their role in shaping the subjective experience of time, which, in turn, can influence cognitive performance, particularly memory. This study investigated how sleep-wake quality, circadian typology, and subjective time perception relate to failures in retrospective and prospective memory.MethodA total of 666 participants (73% female; M = 37.83 years, SD = 14.65) completed the reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ), Mini-Sleep Questionnaire (MSQ), Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ), Subjective Time Questionnaire (STQ), and ad hoc questions about sleep habits during weekdays and weekends.ResultsResults indicated that evening-types reported later sleep and wake times, more pronounced sleep-wake disturbances, greater memory lapses, and stronger experiences of time expansion/boredom. Correlational analyses showed that both time pressure and time expansion/boredom were negatively associated with PRMQ scores, leading to increased memory errors. The regression models showed that memory performance was generally predicted by wake factor, time pressure and time expansion/boredom. Then, mediation models revealed that eveningness was associated with greater wake problems, which were positively related to altered time perception (i.e., time pressure and time expansion/boredom), which in turn predicted more frequent retrospective and prospective memory failures.DiscussionThese findings suggest that circadian typology, wake-related disturbances, and subjective time perception interactively contribute to memory performance, and propose a model linking biological rhythms and temporal experience to memory functioning, suggesting a possible influence of attention and arousal.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1644533</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1644533</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Missing images: autobiographical memory in Aphantasia and blindness]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-09-11T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Mini Review</category>
        <author>Cornelia McCormick</author><author>Sven Lange</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Mental visual imagery, especially the ability to construct naturalistic scenes seems central to vivid episodic autobiographical memory (AM). This mini review will first highlight the neural anatomy of different aspects of mental imagery, focusing on the roles of the hippocampus, ventromedial prefrontal cortex and posterior neocortex and the consequences of damage to these regions to AM. We will then contrast the consequences of missing images for AM in two special populations with no apparent brain damage: Congenital Aphantasia (i.e., lack of visual imagery) and congenital blindness (i.e., lack of visual perception). We propose that Aphantasia leads to impaired scene construction and reduced AM reliving. Despite limited evidence on AM in congenitally blind individuals, they seem to rely on auditory and tactile information to construct (scene) imagery, which in turn may support vivid AM reliving. The main findings here suggest that mental scene imagery, rather than visual encoding, is crucial for AM. This conclusion has far-reaching implications for understanding memory disorders, mental health, and a call to protect our imagination.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1595956</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1595956</link>
        <title><![CDATA[The role of short-term memory, type of practice and metacognitive judgments in predicting cognitive offloading]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-07-04T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Dan Chiappe</author><author>Kim-Phuong L. Vu</author><author>Michelle Tornquist</author>
        <description><![CDATA[We examined whether short-term memory (STM) capacity, type of practice, metacognitive judgments and task characteristics influence the likelihood of cognitive offloading. We used a Letter-Naming task, where people hear sets of letters they subsequently must report. We manipulated set size (i.e., 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 letters) and whether people could write down the letters as they heard them prior to reporting them. We also manipulated the difficulty of the practice trials by varying their set sizes. Consistent with previous studies, we found participants offloaded more as set size increased and that offloading increased accuracy, especially for the higher set sizes. Difficult practice also increased offloading, particularly for smaller set sizes, with many participants developing a perseveration strategy in favor of offloading. Moreover, STM capacity was negatively correlated with frequency of offloading in the intermediate but not in the smallest or largest set sizes. Metacognitive judgments and self-ratings of effort and motivation revealed that although motivation to correctly report the letters predicted overall frequency of offloading, judgments of effort involved in offloading and confidence in task performance did not. Finally, removing the ability to offload also led to lower estimates of short-term memory ability and decreased motivation to correctly report letters.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1637173</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1637173</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Editorial: Synthesizing memory: integrating across fields and levels of scale]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-06-17T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Editorial</category>
        <author>Marian E. Berryhill</author><author>Lauren L. Richmond</author>
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1518743</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1518743</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Memory reconsolidation: a proposed change mechanism for the arts therapies]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-05-15T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Hypothesis and Theory</category>
        <author>Noah Hass-Cohen</author><author>Jennifer C. Clay</author>
        <description><![CDATA[It is proposed that memory reconsolidation (MR) processes are a common therapeutic change mechanism for arts therapies and that arts therapies' processes uniquely facilitate the MR of autobiographical and distressing memories. This study aims to review memory reconsolidation, identify the necessary neuroscientific conditions for therapeutic MR, and examine the alignment between Art Therapy Relational Neuroscience (ATR-N) principles, interventions, and MR conditions. A comprehensive description of two ATR-N MR case drawing protocols is provided along with application guidelines based on two decades of research on the ATR-N drawing protocols.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1433759</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1433759</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Effectiveness of a manual dexterity training program to improve executive functioning in preschool children: an individual difference analysis]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-03-28T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Christina Stuhr</author><author>Charmayne Mary Lee Hughes</author><author>Tino Stöckel</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionThe present study employed the Jacobson-Truax reliable change index (RCI) to examine the effectiveness of a 4-week manual dexterity training program embedded in a socially enriched group setting to improve working memory performance, cognitive functioning, and numeracy skills in preschool children.MethodsForty-five typically developing children aged between 5 and 6 years of age were randomly allocated to a 4-week intervention program (n = 20) or a control condition (n = 25). Pre- and post-test assessments were conducted using two manual dexterity measures, three working memory measures, as well as tasks evaluating inhibition, cognitive flexibility, processing speed, and numeracy skills.ResultsRelative to control participants, a greater number of participants in the intervention group showed statistically and clinically significant post-intervention gains in manual dexterity, working memory, and selective attention. However, the benefits of the intervention did not extend to response inhibition, cognitive flexibility, processing speed, and numeracy skills. Moreover, a greater percentage of children in the intervention group exhibited improvements in both manual dexterity and all working memory tasks than children in the control group.DiscussionOverall, findings from this study corroborate existing research demonstrating the positive effects of manual dexterity training on working memory performance and highlight the use of individual-level analysis to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-motor training and interventions.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1499032</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2025.1499032</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Measuring relational memory in older and younger adults]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-02-18T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Jennifer N. Sexton</author><author>Lillian Behm</author><author>Jill A. Rose</author><author>Connor J. Phipps</author><author>Meghan K. Ramirez</author><author>Abi M. Heller-Wight</author><author>Anna F. Wilhelm</author><author>Emma A. Armbruster</author><author>Carolyn E. Nagengast</author><author>David E. Warren</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionChanges in cognitive abilities including memory accompany normal aging, and certain types of memory are particularly susceptible to age-related change. The ability to link aspects of an experience to form one cohesive memory, called relational memory, is essential to normal memory throughout the lifespan. Relational memory facilitates the binding of arbitrarily related stimuli and encompasses all manner of relations (spatial, associative, sequential). Prior work has studied differences in relational memory associated with aging but has investigated specific aspects of relational memory in a siloed fashion: earlier studies typically have not simultaneously assessed multiple aspects of relational memory in the same participants in the same paradigm.MethodsIn the current study, multiple aspects of relational memory were simultaneously compared between healthy younger adults (19–35 years, n = 40) and healthy older adults (65–77 years, n = 40).ResultsWe found that older adults had reduced memory performance relative to younger adults on each condition of the memory task (item condition, space condition, re-pair condition, and time condition), and there was a condition-by-age group interaction such that differences were greatest for the time and space conditions.DiscussionWe found age-related differences between young and older adults on a task simultaneously testing multiple types of relational memory with young adults performing better overall. Additionally, we observed condition-level interactions such that the age-related differences were greater for the time and space conditions than the re-pair condition. Together, these findings underscore the importance of measuring memory for all manner of relations using the same study format to achieve a thorough characterization of the complex nuances of relational memory performance across the lifespan.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2024.1505549</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2024.1505549</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Expanded taxonomies of human memory]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-01-15T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Jason R. Finley</author>
        <description><![CDATA[What is human memory? Evidence from cognitive psychology and neuroscience supports the view that human memory is composed of multiple subsystems. The influential “modal model” of the late 1960s proposed a sensory register, short-term store, and long-term store. Refinements and expansions to this taxonomy followed, including the construct of working memory, itself with several components, to replace earlier simpler ideas of short-term memory. Long-term memory appears to also consist of several subsystems, which can be broadly divided into explicit (declarative) vs. implicit (nondeclarative). Explicit long-term memory can be further subdivided into episodic vs. semantic, and implicit long-term memory includes subtypes such as procedural memory, priming, classical conditioning, and habituation. All of the above take place in the human brain, driven by neurons and the processes of long-term potentiation and depression. I previously proposed an expanded taxonomy that included external memory, which is information stored outside of an individual's brain, subdivided into social (information stored in other people) and technological (information stored in the human-made environment, either low-tech such as paper, or high-tech such as computers). In this manuscript, I propose even further expanded taxonomies of human memory, based on my view that memory is the transmission of information across time. The second expansion encompasses numerous biological systems beside the brain, including the immune system, genetics (DNA and epigenetics), and traces of the past stored elsewhere in the body (skin, hair, body modification, nails, bones and teeth, muscles and movement, voice, digestion and excretion, blood, reproductive systems, fat, lungs, and body-based numerical representation). The third expansion distinguishes between individual and collective memory (shared memory of a social group), revisits the other systems using the lens of collective memory, and adds natural external memory. Fruitful insights are possible from considering these expanded taxonomies using traditional ideas from cognitive psychology (e.g., encoding, storage, retrieval, forgetting). I explore numerous parallels, distinctions, and interplays.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2024.1505513</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2024.1505513</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Asking the right questions: interrogating the logic and assumptions of paradigms used to investigate interactions between procedural and declarative memory in category learning]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-01-07T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Mini Review</category>
        <author>Priya B. Kalra</author>
        <description><![CDATA[In this mini-review, the methods used to investigate interactions between procedural and declarative systems in category learning are considered. Methods that were originally used to establish dissociations between memory systems may be biased toward demonstrating competition between them. In contrast, a modification of Jacoby's Process Dissociation Procedure allows researchers to consider the relative contributions of multiple processes involved in task completion. The original PDP was designed to consider the contributions of recall and familiarity to recognition, but the logic of the PDP can be applied to the contributions of procedural and declarative processes in category learning. Suggestions for improving the possibility of detecting cooperation between systems using the PDP are given.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2024.1505492</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2024.1505492</link>
        <title><![CDATA[A case for characterizing declarative memory commission errors in healthy aging]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-01-06T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Ariana Popoviciu</author><author>Lauren L. Richmond</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Cognitive psychologists typically characterize declarative memory performance in terms of omission errors, or information that is not reported at test. At the same time, there tends to be much less attention paid to characterizing errors of commission, such as reporting non-studied items at test. Importantly, older adults are known to make both types of errors in declarative memory tasks more often than young adults. This review aims to encourage a more thorough characterization of age-related commission errors in declarative memory research by synthesizing findings from disparate literatures that have taken an interest in characterizing this type of error. Specifically, findings relating to commission errors from the false memory, associative memory, and hyper-binding literatures are reviewed to demonstrate the utility of characterizing older adults' declarative memory performance by accounting for commission errors. Together, existing cognitive data provide a compelling rationale for memory researchers, and particularly those interested in age-related changes in memory, to characterize performance by accounting for commission errors in addition to the more commonly considered omission errors.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2024.1497281</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2024.1497281</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Evolving perspectives of medial temporal memory function: hippocampal processes in visual and auditory forms of episodic and working memory]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-12-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Chris Hawkins</author><author>Andrew P. Yonelinas</author>
        <description><![CDATA[A cornerstone of memory science is the finding that the medial temporal lobe plays a critical role in supporting episodic long-term memory. However, the role that this brain region plays in supporting other forms of memory such as working memory is controversial. In this selective review, we describe some of the key studies that have informed our current understanding of the role that the medial temporal lobe plays in working memory. We first describe the early studies that supported the idea that the medial temporal lobe is selectively important for long-term episodic memory function, then discuss the subsequent research that indicated that the hippocampus also plays a critical role in visual perception and visual working memory. We then review more recent work suggesting that the medial temporal lobe, and particularly the hippocampus, is critical in supporting a familiarity-based memory signal in working memory, and we propose that this function may not be limited to the visual domain, but rather may support familiarity for auditory working memory as well.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2024.1487851</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2024.1487851</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Maintenance suppression reduces the accessibility of visual information in working memory regardless of its normative valence]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-11-07T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Caleb N. Jerinic-Brodeur</author><author>Marie T. Banich</author><author>Jarrod A. Lewis-Peacock</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Intentional removal of unwanted information allows us to focus on our current goals. Previous research has shown that suppressing the maintenance of neutral images in working memory can impair access to that information in immediate and delayed memory tests. However, it remains unclear whether maintenance suppression has the same impact on emotionally valenced images. Intrusive thinking (e.g., rumination) often involves negative thoughts that persist as individuals attempt to push them out of mind. Given the emotional nature of intrusive information that can repeatedly enter working memory, it is important to understand how the valence of information affects the ability to remove it. Participants in a non-clinical sample completed a working memory removal experiment using group-normed images with positive and negative valence. Participants encoded two images of the same valence on each trial, were cued to suppress or maintain one of them during a brief delay period, and then responded to a memory probe in which they indicated whether the test image had been presented on the current trial, regardless of whether or how it was cued. Our results demonstrate that participants were faster, relative to uncued items, to endorse an item that had been cued for maintenance, and slower to endorse an item that had been cued for suppression. Importantly, this pattern held for both positive and negative items and did not differ between valences. These findings replicate those obtained using emotionally neutral stimuli. Thus, this study demonstrates that maintenance suppression reduces the accessibility of visual information in working memory, regardless of its emotional valence, and suggests that this cognitive strategy could potentially be an effective tool in reducing intrusive thoughts that occupy the focus of attention.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2024.1349511</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2024.1349511</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Impact of modality and mode of questioning and testing on memory reports]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-10-23T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Mackenzie R. Riggenbach</author><author>Scott D. Gronlund</author><author>Phillip R. Zoladz</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionIndividuals' memories are assessed in multiple contexts; however, depending on the context, how an individual is questioned may impact the quantity and quality of the details reported. One goal of this study is to investigate how the modality of questioning (individuals talk or write about an event) impacts memory reports. Additionally, being tested on previously learned information improves memory for that information compared to re-studying it. Consequently, another goal is to examine how questioning impacts memory reports compared to a second exposure. We utilized open-ended and pointed questions (true and false).MethodParticipants watched a short video and were questioned (Experiment 1: In-Person; Experiment 2: Virtual) about its contents immediately, 1 week, and 1 month later.ResultsThe current study found that writing leads to better quality memory reports than speaking, and the benefit is present 1 week later. Additionally, we found that writing mitigates an anticipated testing benefit, although this depended on whether a pointed or open-ended question was asked. Restudying (vs. immediate testing) led to better performance for the false pointed questions. However, the better performance operated differently depending on whether participants wrote or spoke following restudying, perhaps due to a differential criterion shift between the Restudy-Written and the Restudy-Spoken conditions.DiscussionWe conclude that the impact of the modality of questioning is influenced in several ways by the types of questions asked, which bears significance for many domains because one modality (or a combination) may be more suitable for producing more accurate memory reports as a function of different domains.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2024.1415643</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2024.1415643</link>
        <title><![CDATA[The Memory section mission]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-05-07T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Specialty Grand Challenge</category>
        <author>Marian E. Berryhill</author>
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2024.1393202</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcogn.2024.1393202</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Frontal delta and theta power reflect strategy changes during human spatial memory retrieval in a virtual water maze task: an exploratory analysis]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-05-01T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Brief Research Report</category>
        <author>Conor Thornberry</author><author>Sean Commins</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Brain oscillations in humans play a role in a wide range of cognitive processes, including navigation and memory. The oscillatory dynamics contributing to successful spatial memory recall in humans are not well-understood. To investigate specific oscillatory frequency bands during the recall process in human navigation, we recorded electroencephalographic (EEG) activity during a recall trial in healthy young adults (n = 15) following the learning of a goal location in a Virtual Water Maze task. We compared this to the activity during the same trial length, in a group of participants who did not learn a target location and navigated freely but were time-matched to the learning group (non-learning, n = 15). We compared relative power in Delta (2–4 Hz), Theta (5–7 Hz), Alpha (8–12 Hz), Beta (15–29 Hz), and Gamma (30–40 Hz) bands across the scalp. We found that delta and theta activity were greater during recall in our learning group, as opposed to our non-learning group. We also demonstrated clear suppression in the alpha band at posterior sites during memory-guided navigation compared to our non-learning group. Additionally, when goal-directed navigation switches to focused searching behavior, power becomes greater at the frontal region; with increases in the delta and theta bands reflecting this strategy change. There was also greater beta and gamma activity at posterior sites in our learning group. We discuss the results further in terms of the possible roles and functions of these oscillations during human navigation and hope this exploratory analysis can provide hypotheses for future spatial navigation and memory work.]]></description>
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