AUTHOR=Guo Miaoji , Jin Jing , Jiao Yong , Wang Xingyu , Cichockia Andrzej 

TITLE=Investigation of Visual Stimulus With Various Colors and the Layout for the Oddball Paradigm in Evoked Related Potential-Based Brain–Computer Interface

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience

VOLUME=Volume 13 - 2019

YEAR=2019

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/computational-neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fncom.2019.00024

DOI=10.3389/fncom.2019.00024

ISSN=1662-5188

ABSTRACT=Objective: Stimulus visual patterns, such as size, content, color, luminosity, and interval, play key roles for brain–computer interface (BCI) performance. However, the three primary colors to be intercompared as a single variable or factor on the same platform are poorly studied. In this work, we configured the visual stimulus patterns with red, green, and blue and designed a novel layout of the BCI interface to study the waveforms and performance of the evoked related potential (ERP).
Approach: Twelve subjects participated in our experiment, which was composed of three different color sub-experiments. Four blocks of the interface were presented along the edge of the screen, and the other four were assembled in the center, to investigate the problem of adjacency distraction. Repeated-measures ANOVA and Bonferroni correction were applied for statistical analysis. 
Main results: The averaged online accuracy was 98.44% for red paradigm, higher than 92.71% for green paradigm and 93.23% for blue paradigm. Furthermore, significant differences in online accuracy (p<0.05) and information transfer rate (p<0.05) were found between red and green paradigms.
Significance: The red stimulus paradigm yielded the best performance. The proposed design of ERP-based BCI was practical and effective for many potential applications.