AUTHOR=Lin Hua , Yin Cuilan , Mo Anchun TITLE=Zirconia Based Dental Biomaterials: Structure, Mechanical Properties, Biocompatibility, Surface Modification, and Applications as Implant JOURNAL=Frontiers in Dental Medicine VOLUME=Volume 2 - 2021 YEAR=2021 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/dental-medicine/articles/10.3389/fdmed.2021.689198 DOI=10.3389/fdmed.2021.689198 ISSN=2673-4915 ABSTRACT=Zirconia, with its excellent mechanical properties, chemical stability, biocompatibility, and negligible thermal conductivity, is ideal for dental and orthopedic applications. In addition, the biocompatibility of zirconia has been studied in vivo, and no adverse reactions were observed when zirconia samples were inserted into bone. However, their use is controversial among dentists and researchers, especially when compared to mature implants made of titanium alloy. The advantages and limitations of zirconia as biomaterials such as implant materials need to be carefully studied, and the design, manufacture and clinical operation guidelines are urgently needed. In this review, the special components, microstructure, mechanical strength, biocompatibility and the application of zirconia ceramics in biomaterials are detailly introduced. The review will highlight discussions on how to implement innovative strategies to design the physical and chemical properties of zirconia so that the treated zirconia can be better osteointegration after implantation.