AUTHOR=Werthen-Brabants Lorin , Dhaene Tom , Deschrijver Dirk 

TITLE=The role of trustworthy and reliable AI for multiple sclerosis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Digital Health

VOLUME=Volume 7 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/digital-health/articles/10.3389/fdgth.2025.1507159

DOI=10.3389/fdgth.2025.1507159

ISSN=2673-253X

ABSTRACT=This paper investigates the importance of Trustworthy Machine Learning (ML) in the context of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) research and care. Due to the complex and individual nature of MS, the need for reliable and trustworthy ML models is essential. In this paper, key aspects of trustworthy ML, such as out-of-distribution generalization, explainability, uncertainty quantification and calibration are explored, highlighting their significance for healthcare applications. Challenges in integrating these ML tools into clinical workflows are addressed, discussing the difficulties in interpreting AI outputs, data diversity, and the need for comprehensive, quality data. It calls for collaborative efforts among researchers, clinicians, and policymakers to develop ML solutions that are technically sound, clinically relevant, and patient-centric.