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        <title>Frontiers in Earth Science | Biogeoscience section | New and Recent Articles</title>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/earth-science/sections/biogeoscience</link>
        <description>RSS Feed for Biogeoscience section in the Frontiers in Earth Science journal | New and Recent Articles</description>
        <language>en-us</language>
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        <pubDate>2026-05-13T13:41:02.554+00:00</pubDate>
        <ttl>60</ttl>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2025.1716510</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2025.1716510</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Editorial: The oceanic particle flux and its cycling within the deep water column, volume II]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-11-11T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Editorial</category>
        <author>Rut Pedrosa-Pamies</author><author>Maureen H. Conte</author><author>Makio Honda</author><author>Gerhard J. Herndl</author>
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2025.1645105</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2025.1645105</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Characterization of heavy metal pollution in agricultural soils and the driving mechanism of nutrient factors in the intermountain basin area]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-09-25T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Zhengyu Yang</author><author>Zhen Song</author><author>Huanzhan Zhou</author><author>Yonghong Ma</author><author>Baili Geng</author><author>Yuan Zhao</author><author>Yuexin Xiao</author>
        <description><![CDATA[To clarify the characteristics of heavy metal (Hg, As, Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, Cr) contamination in farmland within mountainous basin areas and investigate the influence mechanisms of soil nutrient factors (organic carbon SOC, pH, total nitrogen TN, total phosphorus TP, total potassium TK) and the C:N:P ratio on heavy metal pollution, This study selected a typical mountainous valley area within the Huangshan section of the Xin’anjiang River basin. A total of 300 soil samples were collected. Kriging interpolation was employed to assess the spatial distribution of heavy metal contamination. A positive definite factor matrix model was used for source analysis of soil heavy metals. Combined with redundancy analysis, correlation analysis, and structural equation modeling, the study investigated the influence mechanisms and distribution drivers of soil factors on soil heavy metal contamination. Results indicate: (1) Overall, heavy metal contamination in farmland across the study area was predominantly mild or below (>75%). Contamination was concentrated in the lower-elevation areas east of Xidi Town and west of Lantian Town, with notably elevated Cr, Cu, Zn, and Cd concentrations in these zones; (2) Atmospheric sources contributed most to Hg (72.8%); As was primarily influenced by industrial sources (73.9%); natural sources were the main contributors for Cr, Ni, and Cu, accounting for 52.5%, 51.7%, and 41.8%, respectively; soil Zn primarily originated from natural and transportation sources (31.0% and 42.8%); Agricultural sources dominate Cd contributions (83.9%); Pb is primarily influenced by natural sources and solid waste sources (40.9% and 43.1%, respectively); (3) Redundancy analysis indicates soil nutrient factors explain 21.5% of heavy metal pollution, with TN contributing the most at 63.4%; Both linear regression and structural equation modeling results indicate a significant negative correlation (p < 0.05) between the C:P ratio and the comprehensive soil heavy metal pollution index. This may be due to the fact that farmland in mountainous basin areas has a higher proportion of P compared to the average C:N:P ratio of subtropical farmland, and P can effectively bind with heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Pb, Ni, Zn) to form a stable state. This study systematically evaluates the heavy metal pollution in the Huangshan section of the Xin’an River from contamination assessment, source analysis, and impact mechanisms, offering a theoretical basis for preventing and controlling heavy metal pollution and ensuring land safety in similar regions.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2025.1579328</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2025.1579328</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Study on the changes in the temperature sensitivity of spring phenology of typical woody plants in the Qinling Mountains region]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-08-04T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Shanhong Zhang</author><author>Qing Meng</author><author>Qian Ma</author><author>Hongying Bai</author><author>Shujuan Li</author>
        <description><![CDATA[To reveal the responses of plant phenology and climate change in the Qinling Mountains region, the phenological data of seven woody plants in the Qinling Mountains region from 1964 to 2020 were selected to analyze the patterns and characteristics of plant phenological changes in the Qinling Mountains region and explore the factors influencing temperature sensitivity changes during the spring phenology. The results revealed the following: (1) In the 60-year study period, the spring phenology of plants in the Qinling Mountains region showed an extremely significant advancing trend, the autumn phenology showed an extremely significant delaying trend, and the growth period of phenology increased. There was consistency between the plant phenological change and climate change in the Qinling Mountains region; that is, the year of the spring and autumn phenology change was basically the same as that of the climate change. (2) The temperature sensitivity of spring phenology showed a significant decreasing trend before the abrupt change but showed an insignificant increasing trend after the abrupt change. (3) The rate of change in spring temperature was the main factor affecting the change in temperature sensitivity of spring phenology. The temperature change rate is large in spring, the sensitivity of phenological temperature decreases in spring, the temperature increases steadily in spring, and the sensitivity of phenological temperature increases in spring. (4) Changes in the temperature zone are important causes of changes in temperature sensitivity of the spring phenology.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2025.1456404</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2025.1456404</link>
        <title><![CDATA[High bioavailability of soil-derived dissolved organic carbon in the high Arctic fjord (Kongsfjorden, Svalbard Archipelago)]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-06-20T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Brief Research Report</category>
        <author>Katarzyna Koziorowska</author><author>Przemysław Makuch</author><author>Fernando Aguado Gonzalo</author><author>Karol Kuliński</author>
        <description><![CDATA[To assess the bioavailability in the soil-derived dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and to estimate potential remineralization kinetics for different bioavailable fractions of DOC, the long-lasting (180 days) incubation experiments of soil leachates were performed. The soil material was collected from the catchments of two contrasting rivers - Bayelva and Londonelva in Kongsfjorden (Arctic fjord in West Spitsbergen, Svalbard Archipelago). Both sampling sites were located close to the shore, where coastal erosion and tides directly affect the surface soil layer. The results indicate that the soil leachates contain a lot of DOC, which is highly bioavailable, even 68%–87% can be susceptible to biodegradation. The obtained decay curves allowed us to distinguish three DOC fractions: labile, semi-labile, and refractory. The contribution of the most labile DOC fraction is small and ranges from 13% in the Bayelva region to 25% in the Londonelva catchment but it remineralizes quickly once transported to the fjord, while the semi-labile DOC, whose half-life is measured in months, is much more abundant (74% and 43% of total DOC, respectively). These differences in the contribution of particular DOC fractions between stations can result from the different composition and provenance of organic matter. Nevertheless, this high lability of terrestrial DOC indicates that its supply to the fjords water column has the potential to play an essential role in sustaining the bacterial loop in the fjord and, through CO2 release, in amplifying ocean acidification in the coastal zone.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2025.1570025</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2025.1570025</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Spatio-temporal dynamics of beached asbestos cement wastes colonized by terrestrial and shallow marine organisms: new insights and environmental implications]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-05-30T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Salvatore Giacobbe</author><author>Roberta Somma</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Investigations carried out on the geological/ecological asset of Peloro Cape, northeastern Sicily (Italy), revealed the presence of hundreds of asbestos cement material (ACM) fragments, whose features indicated their origin from undulated roofing sheets left in demolition waste dumps, later exposed to marine coastal erosion. Some fragments showed clear evidence of biotic activity, both in the form of corrosion and encrustation. The first stage of colonization was indicated by organic weathering under subaerial conditions, evidenced by bare substrates left by lichens. A second stage of colonization was recognized through the calcareous remains of marine encrusting organisms found in shallow marine environments. In this latter phase, evidence of biotic overgrowth of spirorbids, large serpulids, oysters, bryozoans, and vermetid gastropods indicated a successional process likely developed over a timespan of several decades. Repeated phases of immersion and stranding due to storms, however, may also be considered. Subaerial and subaqueous colonization may be indirectly tied, since lichen may contribute to make inert Asbestos materials, facilitating the later settlement of marine encrusting biota. The combined action of continental and marine biota thus reduces the release of hazardous asbestos fibers into the environment. Such a process, nevertheless, cannot affect the smallest fragments, which are too unstable on the sea bottom to be colonized. In conclusion, multiple interferences from uncontrolled ACM waste have affected both emerged and submerged coastal environments. These impacts need to be evaluated, particularly with regard to their threat to human health. Areas affected by environmental and health risks due to asbestos exposure should be remediated to avoid damage to humans, living organisms, and ecosystems, whose relationships in marine environments have been almost neglected. This research addresses the knowledge gap regarding the sources and fate of hazardous ACM waste after being transferred and transported by alluvial and marine waters. It may support competent public authorities and technicians in planning real remediation activities once the full complexity of the coastal area contamination is understood. ]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2025.1557993</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2025.1557993</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Environmental change between 1980 and 2020 followed by societal change in the Gulf of Gdańsk, Southern Baltic, a review]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-05-16T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Jan Marcin Węsławski</author><author>Jacek Urbański</author><author>Joanna Piwowarczyk</author><author>Lech Kotwicki</author><author>Jacek Piskozub</author><author>Karol Kuliński</author><author>Ksenia Pazdro</author><author>Józef Wiktor</author><author>Sławomir Sagan</author><author>Iwona Psuty</author><author>Waldemar Walczowski</author><author>Aleksandra Koroza</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The Gulf of Gdańsk belongs to the best-known marine areas in the Baltic, with regular environmental observations since mid-20th century. It covers the widest array of marine habitats in Polish Maritime areas (from large river mouth to Gdańsk Deep), shallow vegetated lagoon and stony reefs and the highest resources of species diversity (about 400 Metazoa and over 300 Protista species). The area was also important as a fishing ground as well as a key site for the marine industry, shipping and tourism. The review of the changes in the Gulf of Gdańsk over last 40 years shows that it follows some of the global trends (increase in temperature, storminess, sea level rise, decrease in ice and oxygen), while the specific local phenomena like eutrophication and contamination are more difficult to assess (e.g., strong reduction in nutrient discharge did not change the levels of P and N in the system). After recovery from the environmental crisis in the 1980s, the toxic compounds in sediment and seawater are below the accepted thresholds. The reduction in some toxins resulting from better management (e.g., Mercury or chlorinated compounds) is blurred by the negative effects of climate warming (expansion of anoxic sediments) and contamination connected with its biogeochemical activity. Formerly degraded coastal habitats are recovering (especially seagrass), while the commercial fish catch collapsed, likely caused by the large-scale phenomena (climate warming), not directly connected with the local conditions of the Gulf. The societal use of the Gulf changed from industrial/fishery to largescale tourism and service, with fast growing pressure for coastline urbanization. The key phenomena (drivers of events) of the area include eutrophication, industrialization and biodiversity recovery.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2025.1554757</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2025.1554757</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Phenolic supplements: testing an approach to limit Sphagnum decomposition in a Sphagnum farming system]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-05-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Talal Asif</author><author>Line Rochefort</author><author>Chris Freeman</author><author>Christian Dunn</author><author>Hojeong Kang</author><author>Mélina Guêné-Nanchen</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Phenolic compounds have been proposed to influence decomposition by inhibiting extracellular enzyme activities, as described in the enzymic latch mechanism (ELM). This study examined the effects of phenolic treatments on Sphagnum decomposition, productivity, and biomass accumulation within a Sphagnum farming system. A split-plot experiment with three phenolic treatments was implemented in two cultivation basins established with mosses dominated by the Acutifolia or Sphagnum subgenus. Phenolic treatments were wood pellets (wood), old roots from peat harrowing (root), and no addition (control). Phenolic additions did not result in a measurable reduction in decomposition rates nor was Sphagnum productivity or biomass affected by the experimental treatments. Both subgenera functioned as approximately similar small carbon dioxide (CO2) sinks, with values such as −2 ± 1 g CO2 m−2 d−1 (Acutifolia) and −0.2 ± 0.8 g CO2 m−2 d−1 (Sphagnum). Phenolic additions in both subgenera resulted in higher CO2 values as net ecosystem exchange compared to the control, which could be linked to emissions resulting from wood and root decomposition. In both subgenera, phenolic additions neither increased peat phenolic concentrations nor inhibited enzyme activities compared to the control. The current study did not validate the potential of phenolics in limiting decomposition as theorized in the ELM. The short duration of the experiment may have restricted the effect of phenolic products applied at the surface from reaching the ∼10 cm depth where peat was sampled. This could explain the absence of an inhibitory effect of phenolic products on enzyme activities. Therefore, it is recommended to conduct various sample analyses at different depths to better understand phenolic–enzyme interactions in a Sphagnum farming system.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2025.1554362</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2025.1554362</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Global warming, carbon cycles, forests and photosynthesis; a hypothesis for global cooling]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-04-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Perspective</category>
        <author>Jacob E. John</author>
        <description><![CDATA[In relation to global warming and the role of carbon dioxide, the atmospheric residence-time of carbon dioxide from industrial emissions, and the carbon dioxide fixation capacity by photosynthesis in forests, land areas and oceans is considered, for the decades 1960 to 2010. Carbon dioxide fixation in forests, annually and worldwide, is estimated to be larger than the annual and global carbon dioxide emissions from industrial and land use activities, for the decades 1960 to 2010. Observations of the Keeling curve for the period 1960 to 2010, imply slow and rate-limiting steps for the atmospheric carbon dioxide cycle from industrial emissions, namely the transfer of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to the Earth’s surface, forests, land areas and oceans. It is proposed that these carbon dioxide emissions have a long residence-time with significant accumulation in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide emissions from natural-biological sources, namely respiration of organisms and passive emissions from the land and oceans, remain close to the Earth’s surface, with short atmospheric residence-times, rapid conversion into biomass and no significant accumulation in the atmosphere. This is known as the natural carbon dioxide cycle. Research and development are proposed as follows; (a) determination of the atmospheric residence times of industrial, urban and natural carbon dioxide emissions, (b) effective cooling of flue gases from industrial emissions to direct these emissions to lower atmospheric altitude(s), and thereby decrease the atmospheric residence-time(s) of carbon dioxide and (c) synthetic hydrocarbon fuels for aircraft, which are low-carbon in the complete cycle, developed with public-funded research. Global, public-funded research and development programs are proposed for achieving these goals, involving national and international organisations and industries.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2025.1569387</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2025.1569387</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Altitudinal patterns of soil and microbial C:N:P stoichiometry in subtropical forests in Daming Mountain, South China]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-04-07T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Chunlin Huo</author><author>Zhonghua Zhang</author><author>Yinghua Luo</author><author>Gang Hu</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionAltitude-induced variations in hydrothermal conditions and vegetation affect the carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) contents in both soil and microbial biomass. However, the specific patterns of changes in these nutrients and their stoichiometry in response to altitudinal changes remain unclear.MethodsIn this study, we analyzed the altitudinal patterns of soil and microbial biomass C:N:P stoichiometry across three soil layers (0–20, 20–40, and 40–60 cm) in the subtropical mountain ecosystems on Daming Mountain, South China.ResultsOur results revealed that soil C content and C:N ratio in the 0–20 cm layer initially increased and then decreased with increasing altitude. Meanwhile, soil P content in the 40–60 cm layer decreased. Soil microbial biomass P content initially decreased and then increased with altitude across all soil layers, whereas soil microbial biomass C:P and N:P ratios exhibited opposite trends. For soil and microbial biomass C:P and N:P ratios along the altitudinal gradient, soil microbial growth was mainly restricted by P, with this limitation being more pronounced at mid-to-low altitudes. Soil microbial biomass C, N, and P contents were positively correlated with soil C, N, and P contents and their ratios, available N (AN), available P (AP), and soil water content (SWC), but negatively correlated with soil bulk density, soil pH and soil temperature. In contrast, microbial biomass C, N, and P stoichiometric ratios exhibited the opposite or non-significant relationships with these factors. Notably, AN, AP, and SWC were the dominant factors affecting soil microbial biomass C:N:P stoichiometry.DiscussionThese findings contribute to the understanding of soil nutrient stoichiometry and their responses to environmental changes in subtropical mountain ecosystems.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2025.1531521</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2025.1531521</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Impact of the Adriatic–Ionian bimodal oscillating system (BiOS) on the biodiversity patterns of the larval fish community in the north-eastern sector of the Strait of Sicily (central Mediterranean, Malta Channel)]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-04-07T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Brief Research Report</category>
        <author>Bernardo Patti</author><author>Marco Torri</author><author>Francesco Placenti</author><author>Angela Cuttitta</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Off the southern coast of Sicily, the frontal region south of Cape Passero (Malta Channel) provides favorable conditions for fish larvae survival and development and hosts a biodiversity hotspot for larval assemblages. In this area, the analysis of ichthyoplankton data collected during 16 oceanographic summer surveys, carried out every year over the period from 2001 to 2016, shows a cyclical pattern in the yearly average larval biodiversity, which appears to be linked to the alternating cyclonic/anticyclonic surface circulation of the North Ionian Gyre (NIG), associated with the Adriatic–Ionian bimodal oscillating system (BiOS). Specifically, the cyclonic mode of NIG, by enhancing the advection of Modified Atlantic Water (MAW) toward the southern Levantine Basin and reducing its deflection toward the Adriatic, is supposed to intensify the frontal thermohaline structure, thus inducing higher retention/survival rates for fish larval stages and, definitively, resulting in higher biodiversity. The association between total fish larval density and biodiversity with available environmental data, namely, satellite-derived sea surface temperature (SST) and in situ temperature, salinity, and surface current speed, corroborates this hypothesis. Finally, the observed changes in the biodiversity of the larval fish community would result from increased/reduced retention time for fish larvae (and accordingly, slower/faster larval dispersal) across the frontal area, as induced by the alternating cyclonic–anticyclonic modes of NIG. These results pave the way for future investigations on the role of surface circulation patterns in the dynamics of fish populations, with special emphasis on the effects of retention processes on fish larval stages.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2025.1560899</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2025.1560899</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Carbon storage and sequestration of five planting patterns of Picea crassifolia plantations in Qilian mountains]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-04-01T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Yaoyao Shangguan</author><author>Hu Zhao</author><author>Zhengzhong Zhang</author><author>Erwen Xu</author><author>Dong Lv</author><author>Yanxia Wang</author><author>Xingpeng Zhao</author><author>Na Wei</author><author>Gang Chen</author><author>Jianhai Liu</author><author>Xingyu Wei</author><author>Zhiwen Gao</author><author>Mengde Liu</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Forest plantations play a critical role in mitigating climate change, with their carbon storage and sequestration capacity significantly influenced by planting patterns. This study focuses on Picea crassifolia plantations in the shallow mountainous region of the Qilian Mountains, aiming to investigate the effects of five planting patterns (pure forests, mixed forests, and uneven-aged forests) on vegetation and soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics. The research provides a scientific basis for optimizing forest management strategies in arid and semi-arid regions. Fifteen sample plots were established in the Qilian Mountains, Gansu Province, covering five planting patterns: pure forests with 1.5 × 1.5 m (P1.5) and 2 × 2 m (P2) spacing, uneven-aged pure forests (PX), mixed forests of P. crassifolia and Pinus sylvestris var. mongholica (PC), and mixed forests of P. crassifolia, P. sylvestris, and Caragana korshinskii (PPC). Vegetation biomass (tree height, DBH, crown width) and soil samples (0 – 80 cm depth) were collected. Carbon content was determined using the potassium dichromate oxidation method, and carbon stocks were estimated using national biomass models. Statistical analyses (one-way ANOVA) and membership function evaluation were applied to assess carbon sink potential. Results showed that: 1. Planting spacing: The 2 × 2 m pure forest (P2) exhibited higher vegetation-layer carbon storage (10 t·ha−1) compared to the 1.5 × 1.5 m pure forest (P1.5, 5 t·ha−1). 2. Age heterogeneity: The uneven-aged pure forest (PX) showed the highest vegetation-layer carbon storage (6.61 t·ha−1), but its total carbon stock (106.98 t·ha−1) was slightly lower than P2 (111.08 t·ha−1) due to P2’s superior SOC content in deeper soil layers (13.64 g·kg−1 at 60–80 cm). 3. Pure vs. mixed forests: Pure forests (P2) outperformed mixed forests (PC, PPC) in total carbon storage, driven by soil-layer contributions (>95% of total stocks). The 2 × 2 m pure forest (P2) demonstrated optimal carbon sequestration potential in the Qilian Mountains, with soil carbon dominance highlighting the importance of deep-layer SOC accumulation. While uneven-aged forests (PX) showed strong vegetation carbon storage, long-term carbon sinks require integrated soil management. These findings provide critical insights for arid-region plantation configurations. Future studies should combine remote sensing for dynamic carbon monitoring and explore diversified mixed-species systems to enhance ecosystem stability.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2025.1517025</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2025.1517025</link>
        <title><![CDATA[The potential nature of “dark” dissolved organic matter in the biosphere]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-03-26T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Opinion</category>
        <author>Khan M. G. Mostofa</author><author>Jie Yuan</author><author>Xuemei Yang</author><author>Mohammad Mohinuzzaman</author><author>Cong-Qiang Liu</author><author>Nicola Senesi</author><author>Giorgio S. Senesi</author><author>Davide Vione</author><author>Si-Liang Li</author>
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2025.1514255</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2025.1514255</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Peatlands as geo-archives for atmospheric micro- and nano-plastics: a perspective review]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-03-06T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Arman Rahimpouri</author><author>Sajjad Abbasi</author><author>Nerijus Dzingelevičius</author><author>Reda Dzingelevičienė</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Since commercial manufacture of plastics started around 1950, plastics have grown more and more important to human society. The ubiquity of plastic particles in the environment and Inefficient waste management have led to the presence of tiny plastic particles in a wide range of natural matrices. Nowadays, finding natural environments with the most potential to archive the past deposition of airborne microplastics is among the hot research topics while investigating plastic pollution across the globe. The capability of peatlands as the most widespread type of wetlands throughout the earth to illustrate natural and anthropogenic deposition of different contaminants has drawn the attention of researchers in recent years. A number of studies have been conducted on the presence and distribution of various pollutants in peatland areas. However, there is still limited information on the presence of microplastics in peatlands. The purpose of this study is to gather the existing data on the occurrence, deposition and distribution of microplastics in peatland areas. We have tried to examine the potential of peatlands as natural archives of atmospheric micro and nano plastics. The research indicates that peatlands serve as a reliable (with some uncertainties) geo-archive for atmospheric micro (nano) plastics. It thoroughly assesses various methods, from sampling to final analyses, to empower researchers in selecting the most effective approach.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2024.1485521</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2024.1485521</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Ocean warming, icebergs, and productivity in the Gulf of Alaska during the Last Interglacial]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-02-07T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Maria Luisa Sánchez Montes</author><author>Erin L. McClymont</author><author>Hirofumi Asahi</author><author>Joseph Stoner</author><author>Christopher M. Moy</author><author>Sophie Gleghorn</author><author>Jerry M. Lloyd</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The Pacific Ocean is an important region for carbon storage, yet the past ocean–climate interactions are relatively underexplored in explaining glacial/interglacial climate variability during the late Pleistocene re-expansion of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet (CIS). We analysed marine sediment samples from IODP 341 Expedition Site U1418 in the Gulf of Alaska (GOA) using marine and terrestrial biomarkers to study the periodicity of glacial–interglacial cycles over the last 500 thousand years and reconstruct the North Pacific oceanography and marine productivity. Our sea surface temperature (SST) results show that marine isotope stages (MISs) 4 and 6 are the coldest and freshest glacials and MIS 5 and MIS 1 are the warmest and saltiest interglacials. The glacial–interglacials during the last 200 kyr are best observed due to increased sedimentation rates in the GOA during the expansion of the CIS, when coccolithophores increase relative to diatom productivity export. We observe lower %IRDs during cold MIS 6 than during warm MIS 5, and overall lower carbon and nitrogen accumulation rates (TOC and TN MAR) and stable isotope ratios (δ15N and δ13C). We conclude that during MIS 6, the stratification of the cold and fresh surface ocean helped the growth of the CIS, and coccolithophores did not fully exploit the nutrient availability in the ocean but contributed to deep carbon storage and climate cooling. During MIS 5, although SSTs were 6°C warmer, icebergs were more abundant. We infer that higher coccolithophore abundance with different alkenone configurations suggests a change in the dominant coccolithophore groups and changes in the available nutrients, probably as a result of higher influence of the more saline Alaska Current (AC) and lower influence of the Alaska Coastal Current (ACC) at Site U1418. This higher AC influence in the GOA contributed to sedimentary carbon storage and contributed to climate cooling despite the warm climate and higher iceberg discharge. As the last interglacial (MIS 5e) was a time period with similar than modern atmospheric CO2 concentrations, our results provide new understandings of the possible behaviours of CIS and GOA under the current changes in climate.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2024.1492624</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2024.1492624</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Physical and chemical characteristics of pyrogenic carbon from peatland vegetation fires differ across burn severities]]></title>
        <pubdate>2025-01-06T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Oscar J. Kennedy-Blundell</author><author>Emma L. Shuttleworth</author><author>James J. Rothwell</author><author>Gareth D. Clay</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionVegetation fires lead to the formation of charred materials, often referred to as pyrogenic carbon (PyC), which are recalcitrant and have a high carbon densitymeaning they have the potential to act as a long-term carbon store. In the United Kingdom, peatlands are periodically subject to fire, both management burns and wildfires, which generate PyC. However, in the United Kingdom context, the characterisation of physical and chemical properties of PyC is limited.MethodsIn this study, samples of peatland vegetation (Calluna vulgaris, Polytrichum juniperinum, Vaccinium myrtillus and Eriophorum vaginatum) were burnt in laboratory conditions across typical ranges of characteristics from United Kingdom peatland vegetation fires (250°C–800°C and 2–10 min burn duration). Four broad severity groupings were established (low, moderate, high, very high) corresponding to 60, 70, 80% and 90% mass loss respectively. The PyC samples were then analysed using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, CHNO elemental analysis, and Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to gain a greater understanding of their physiochemical characteristics.ResultsWhile there was a good degree of similarity between samples within each severity group, there were significant differences between severity groups. Low to high severity samples had relatively low surface areas compared to the very high severity samples, which exhibited the greatest surface areas and a high degree of variability. O/C and H/C ratios decreased with increasing severity. FTIR showed that distinct spectra were produced between severity groups, reflecting increased sample aromaticity with burn severity.DiscussionThe findings of this study suggest that burn severity is a good predictor of PyC physiochemical characteristics.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2024.1454928</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2024.1454928</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Evaluation of the spatial responses in vegetation phenology to drought and the analysis of their driving factors in China]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-10-25T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Haifeng Ding</author><author>Wenyan Ge</author><author>Cuicui Wang</author><author>Xiuxia Li</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The warming and drying trend accompanying climate change challenges global ecosystem stability. Vegetation phenology, which can serve as a sensitive indicator of climate change, is crucial in understanding ecosystem carbon cycling and climate-carbon cycle feedback. Therefore, assessing the phenological responses to drought is essential for addressing climate change. In this study, vegetation phenology data [including the start and end of season (SOS, EOS) and length of growing season (LOS)] and the Palmer drought severity index (PDSI) were employed to analyze the impacts of drought on plant phenology in China by maximum Pearson correlation coefficients and partial least squares regression. The findings showed that drought significantly affected the timing of phenology, delaying senescence in approximately 62% of China and extending the growing season in about 53% of the country, indicating the critical role of water availability in vegetation biomass. Preseason nocturnal warming was found to advance SOS, delay EOS, and extend LOS across China, with significant effects observed in approximately 60% of the country. Meanwhile, daytime warming delayed SOS, delayed EOS and extended LOS in 50∼60% of the regions. Moreover, preseason precipitation is conducive to advanced SOS, delayed EOS and extended LOS in northern China and areas susceptible to drought. It is suggested that vegetation management should be strengthened to mitigate the impact of climate change in temperate and drought-prone regions in China since climate warming will lead to frequent droughts.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2024.1458322</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2024.1458322</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Snowmelt seepage fluxes of dissolved organic matter in forest and grassland – a molecular-level case study from the Hainich Critical Zone Exploratory, Germany]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-10-21T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Chen Huang</author><author>Simon A. Schroeter</author><author>Katharina Lehmann</author><author>Martina Herrmann</author><author>Kai Uwe Totsche</author><author>Gerd Gleixner</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Snowfall/cover and snowmelt are essential determinants of winter soil processes/events that may force the biogeochemical dynamics of soils in temperate regions. Increasing variability of the European hydroclimate is expected to lead to more frequent intermittent warm periods, which cause snowmelt during winter and rapidly mobilize large amounts of dissolved organic matter (DOM). This study, conducted at the Hainich Critical Zone Exploratory in Germany, seeks to address a significant gap in understanding the molecular impacts of snowmelt-induced DOM flows and their ability to alter soil ecosystems rapidly. During two snowmelt events between January and March 2021, we observed that DOM concentration and composition varied more in forest soil seepage than in grassland soil seepage. Forest seepage showed a pronounced DOM flux peak and synchronous increases in the relative abundances of aromatic DOM components, indicating surface-derived transport of plant litter carbon. In the grassland, however, peak DOM fluxes were characterized by a marked increase in nitrogen-containing (N-containing) DOM components, indicating a predominance of microbial carbon. Notably, the unique DOM components specific to each ecosystem increased during peak fluxes in the forest but decreased in the grassland. We suggest that an overall higher molecular richness and the broader functional metabolic potentials in grassland may account for its relatively greater DOM stability compared to the forest during peak snowmelt events.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2024.1430441</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2024.1430441</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Impact of non-thermal variables on hydroxylated GDGT distributions around Iceland]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-08-30T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>David J. Harning</author><author>Julio Sepúlveda</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Archaeal isoprenoid glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) preserved in sediments are popular tools for the reconstruction of past temperature in the global ocean. Whereas the most common GDGTs have been well studied through environmental and culture studies, their hydroxylated version (OH-GDGTs) is just emerging as a new proxy. Some empirical evidence suggests that the distribution of OH-GDGTs may capture sea surface temperature variability. However, the effects of additional environmental factors on OH-GDGT distributions have not been rigorously tested, and evidence suggests that salinity, sea ice, seasonality, terrestrial input, and water depth may be additional factors in some settings. In this study, we analyzed the distribution of OH-GDGTs in modern and Holocene marine sediment from the North Iceland Shelf. By statistically comparing the biomarker datasets against a collection of modern instrumental and paleoceanographic records, we separated which environmental variables may be controlling OH-GDGT-derived proxies around Iceland. In contrast to prevailing theory, we found that nitrate concentrations and water-column stratification are best correlated to OH-GDGT distributions, and not temperature. These results hold important implications for the application of OH-GDGT proxies in high-latitude oceans, particularly in highly stratified locations, as well as for future studies on the biological sources and functionality of these lipids. Given the current complexity of proxy interpretation, we urge caution in the current application of OH-GDGTs as a tool in paleotemperature reconstructions.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2024.1399200</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2024.1399200</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Geographical factor dominates spatial patterns of potential nitrate reduction rates in coastal wetland sediments in Fujian Province, China]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-07-16T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Ning Zhang</author><author>Zetao Dai</author><author>Feifei Wang</author><author>Shengchang Yang</author><author>Wenzhi Cao</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Nitrate (NO3−) reduction is a key process governing the nitrogen (N) dynamics of coastal wetland sediments. Although the effects of environmental factors on the NO3− reduction mechanism in coastal wetland sediments have been examined in various studies, the effects of spatial variation in potential NO3− reduction processes in coastal wetland sediments and the factors driving geographical variation in these processes have not been widely examined. Here, we conducted research on surface sediment samples from four different vegetation types at six coastal wetland sites across two regions. We characterized potential rates of NO3− reduction processes (including denitrification (DF), anammox (ANA), and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA)) using a15N tracer method. Additionally, we assessed the abundances of functional genes, and microbial community structure using high-throughput sequencing, and metagenomic sequencing. In six wetland sites, the contribution ranges of DF, ANA, and DNRA to NO3− reduction were 38.43%–55.69%, 31.33%–45.65%, and 5.26%–17.11%, respectively, and potential NO3− reduction was mainly driven by N removal via gaseous N (DF+ANA). Significant spatial differences were observed in the structure of bacterial and fungal microbial communities, suggesting that geographical distance has a major effect on microbial community structure. Environmental factors and Functional gene abundances were significantly related to potential NO3− reduction processes, and physicochemical properties had a stronger effect on potential NO3− reduction processes than gene abundances. Factors showing significant differences across regions were the main drivers of variation in potential NO3− reduction processes. Overall, our study showed that sediment substrates and geographical environmental factors rather than the abundance of functional genes and vegetation types were the main indicators of potential NO3− reduction activities in coastal wetlands.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2024.1409389</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2024.1409389</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Machine learning reveals that sodium concentration and temperature influence alkenone occurrence in Swiss and worldwide freshwater lakes]]></title>
        <pubdate>2024-07-12T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Céline Martin</author><author>Nora Richter</author><author>Ronald Lloren</author><author>Linda Amaral-Zettler</author><author>Nathalie Dubois</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Lacustrine alkenones are increasingly reported in freshwater lakes worldwide, which makes them a very promising proxy to reconstruct past continental temperatures. However, a more systematic understanding of ecological preferences of freshwater alkenone-producers at global scale is lacking, which limits our understanding of alkenones as a proxy in lakes. Here we investigated 56 Swiss freshwater lakes and report Group 1 alkenones in 33 of them. In twelve of the lakes containing alkenones, a mixed Group 1/Group 2 alkenone signature was detected. We used a random forest (RF) model to investigate the influence of 15 environmental variables on alkenone occurrence in Swiss lakes and found sodium (Na+) concentration and mean annual air temperature (MAAT) to be the most important variables. We also trained a RF model on a database that included Swiss lakes and all freshwater lakes worldwide, which were previously investigated for alkenone presence. Water depth appeared as the most important variable followed by MAAT and Na+, sulfate and potassium concentrations. This is very similar to results found for freshwater and saline lakes, which suggests that Group 1 and Group 2 alkenone occurrence could be controlled by the same variables in freshwater lakes. For each tested variable, we defined the optimal range(s) for the presence of alkenones in freshwater lakes. The similarity of the results for the Swiss and global models suggests that the environmental parameters controlling the occurrence of freshwater alkenone producers could be homogenous worldwide.]]></description>
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