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        <title>Frontiers in Education | New and Recent Articles</title>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/education</link>
        <description>RSS Feed for Frontiers in Education | New and Recent Articles</description>
        <language>en-us</language>
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        <pubDate>2026-08-17T16:26:37.791+00:00</pubDate>
        <ttl>60</ttl>
        <item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1896839</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1896839</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Retrieval-augmented generation for pedagogically aware educational AI: an expert-rated comparison of a prompt-only LLM tutor and an integrated, learner-state-aware RAG tutor]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-17T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Jude A. Adenuga</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionLarge language models can produce fluent tutoring dialogue, but their educational use remains limited by weak grounding, uneven pedagogical control, and the risk of unsupported content. This study compared two controlled algebra tutoring workflows built on the same foundation model, Gemini 2.5 Flash.MethodsThe first condition was a prompt-only tutor that used the immediate task and scripted follow-up only. The second was an integrated pedagogical RAG tutor that combined a curated algebra corpus, learner-state variables, and a pedagogical response policy. In total, 24 two-turn algebra episodes were evaluated. No students were recruited, no classroom intervention was conducted, and no learning outcomes were measured. Eight expert reviewers scored anonymized response pairs for solution accuracy, conceptual support, instructional quality, instructional helpfulness, and unsupported content.ResultsThe pedagogical RAG condition received higher task-level expert ratings for conceptual support (M = 4.69 vs. 4.31), instructional quality (M = 4.61 vs. 4.29), and instructional helpfulness (M = 4.65 vs. 4.39). It also achieved a higher pedagogical-quality composite score (M = 4.65 vs. 4.33; Wilcoxon p = .00024; rank-biserial r = .86). Solution accuracy was high in both conditions and showed only a small descriptive difference (M = 4.84 vs. 4.74; p = .0769). However, unsupported content flags were more frequent in the RAG condition, occurring in 13 of 192 rating cells compared with one of 192 rating cells in the baseline condition. Fisher's exact test yielded p = .0015.DiscussionThese findings do not establish learning gains, classroom efficacy, or the separate causal value of retrieval alone. They indicate that an integrated learner-state-aware RAG architecture can receive stronger expert ratings for pedagogical text quality on a fixed task set while also introducing trace leakage and evidence-boundary risks that must be controlled before deployment]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1862047</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1862047</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Automating language input: investigating the effect of AI-generated contextual flashcards delivered via Anki on EFL learners’ sentence-level fluency]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-17T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Romila Karrar Farh Karrar</author><author>Abbas Hussein Abdelrady</author><author>DafaAllah Osman Omer Ibrahim</author><author>Mowafg Masuwd</author><author>Raad Abdulkareem Nsaif</author><author>Khuloud Alouzi</author><author>Mohamed Hmouma</author><author>Tasnim Zeat</author><author>Salem Hussin Ramadan Aladi</author><author>Bushra Alfallah</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The present research explored whether AI-powered contextual flashcards facilitated through Anki had a positive impact on learners’ sentence-level fluency in EFL settings. This research employed a quasi-experimental pre-test–post-test control-group research design. Sixty EFL learners from the University of Zawia participated in the study and were allocated into either an experimental or control group where they received six weeks of AI-generated contextual flashcards or traditional instruction, respectively. The experimental group exhibited significant improvements from pretest to posttest (M = 10.45, SD = 2.11 to M = 17.82, SD = 1.95; t(29) = 14.52, p < .001), while the control group showed only marginal improvements (t(29) = 4.21, p < .01). Additionally, a significant difference was found between groups on the posttest (t(58) = 9.63, p < .001), d = 2.48. These results were discussed in relation to theories of second language acquisition and cognitive theory of learning. Findings suggest contextualized input combined with retrieval practice and spaced repetition can help learners develop fluency. Moreover, this study adds to the growing body of work related to AI-assisted language learning by showing its efficacy in developing fluency for communicative competence.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1916444</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1916444</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Replicating and expanding the use of artificial intelligence to support special education practice: a mixed-methods investigation]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-17T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Kathleen M. Randolph</author><author>Sarah E. Quinn</author><author>Jennifer A. Sears</author><author>Sarah K. Howorth</author><author>Catherine S. Howerter</author><author>Krystle E. Merry</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionArtificial intelligence (AI) tools such as ChatGPT may help support special education practice, but evidence on their usefulness for IEP goal writing remains limited.MethodsThis mixed-methods study used a counterbalanced, scenario-based design with 111 participants from undergraduate and graduate programs across four universities. Participants wrote IEP goals in two conditions: participant-only and participant plus AI. Goal quality was evaluated with the Revised IEP/IFSP Goals and Objectives Rating Instrument (R-GORI), SMART criteria, expert ratings, and participant feedback.ResultsAI-assisted goals received slightly higher quality ratings than participant-only goals in mean comparisons, although the effect was small. In mixed-effects models, the main effect of condition was not statistically significant after accounting for repeated measures. Participants with lower comfort writing IEP goals appeared to benefit more from AI support, and there was evidence that completing the AI condition first influenced later independent goal writing. Expert agreement was moderate to good for participant-only goals but lower for AI-assisted goals, while ChatGPT showed strong consistency when scoring goals.DiscussionThe findings suggest that AI has promise as a scaffold for IEP goal development, especially for novice or less confident practitioners, but it should complement rather than replace educator preparation, judgment and experience. Human review, individualization and training remain essential for producing high-quality, instructionally useful goals.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1831504</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1831504</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Affective engagement across metaphor-related discourse moves in statistics education]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-17T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Dennis Tay</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionStatistics education faces the challenge of sustaining engagement with abstract material. Although metaphorical instruction is common, the discourse mechanisms shaping moment-to-moment affective engagement remain poorly understood. This study examines how metaphor-related discourse moves are associated with learner arousal during one-on-one statistics tutoring.MethodsFine-grained discourse analysis was combined with continuous psychophysiological measurement. Six discourse move categories were identified through qualitative coding, including Metaphor Construction, Metaphor Scaffolding, Affective Framing, Metacognitive Prompting, Learner Response, and Boundary Cues. Skin conductance response data from 30 novice learners were aligned with coded events and analyzed using event-triggered linear mixed-effects modelling.ResultsMetaphor Construction (Cohen's d = 1.33) and Learner Response (d = 1.26) were associated with the strongest sustained arousal. Affective Framing was associated with a rapid spike (d = 0.73) with steep decay, while Metaphor Scaffolding (d = 0.62) and Metacognitive Prompting (d = 0.31) were associated with slower cumulative growth. Boundary Cues were associated with declining arousal (d = −0.23). Discourse features explained 19.9% of SCR variance, increasing to 31.2% with learner-level differences.DiscussionThe findings suggest instructional metaphor as a temporally dynamic interactional process. Pedagogical effectiveness may depend on how discourse moves are sequenced within coherent metaphor episodes.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1860194</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1860194</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Postgraduate students’ perceptions of practice mentor competency in physical education: development and preliminary validation of a questionnaire]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-17T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Tian Zhou</author><author>Luoning Fang</author><author>Wei Sun</author><author>Zhizhang Yang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionPractice mentors play an important role in connecting university-based learning with field-based pedagogical, coaching, and professional practice in physical education postgraduate training. However, existing mentor competency frameworks are often developed for general academic supervision or teacher education and may not fully capture the practice-oriented responsibilities of mentors in physical education contexts. This study aimed to develop and preliminarily validate a student-reported questionnaire for assessing postgraduate students' perceptions of practice mentor competency in physical education.MethodsFollowing literature review, policy analysis, expert consultation, and student feedback, an initial 20-item questionnaire was developed. A pilot survey was conducted with 79 postgraduate students majoring in physical education or sport-related programs for item analysis and exploratory factor analysis. A formal survey was then conducted with 307 postgraduate students for confirmatory factor analysis, reliability testing, and correlation-based validity analysis.ResultsExploratory factor analysis suggested a preliminary four-factor, 17-item structure, comprising Professional Competence, Personal Qualities, Teaching and Practice Management Capability, and Professional Ethics. The four factors explained 67.788% of the total variance. Reliability analysis showed acceptable internal consistency, with Cronbach' s alpha coefficients ranging from 0.843 to 0.864 for the four dimensions and 0.904 for the total scale. Split-half reliability coefficients ranged from 0.822 to 0.855 for the four dimensions and reached 0.887 for the total scale. Confirmatory factor analysis in the formal sample indicated good model fit: χ² = 135.613, df = 113, χ²/df = 1.200, RMSEA = 0.026, SRMR = 0.0315, CFI = 0.991, TLI = 0.989, and IFI = 0.991.DiscussionThese findings provide preliminary psychometric evidence for a student-reported instrument measuring perceived practice mentor competency in physical education. Further validation using larger, cross-regional, multi-source, and longitudinal samples is needed before the questionnaire can be used for high-stakes mentor evaluation.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1910856</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1910856</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Editorial: The role of AI in transforming literacy: insights into reading and writing processes]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-17T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Editorial</category>
        <author>José Manuel de Amo Sánchez-Fortún</author><author>Gemma Lluch Crespo</author>
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1846353</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1846353</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Knowledge, attitude, and practice of antifungal resistance and stewardship among pharmacy students in Zambia: a cross-sectional study to inform antifungal stewardship programs]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-17T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Steward Mudenda</author><author>Bweupe Chibwe</author><author>Moses Mukosha</author><author>Webrod Mufwambi</author><author>Victor Daka</author><author>Precious Nkumbu Nachalwe</author><author>Maisa Kasanga</author><author>Kingsley Kamvuma</author><author>Martha Mwaba</author><author>Joseph Fadare</author><author>Adriano Focus Lubanga</author><author>Nathan Mugenyi</author><author>Moses Gondwe</author><author>Adron Mweshi Chimbala</author><author>Shafiq Mohamed</author><author>Jean Mukumbuta</author><author>Boris Mwanza</author><author>Muchindu Hampango</author><author>Tumelo Muyenga</author><author>Tadious Chimombe</author><author>Mubanga Makasa</author><author>Florence Mwaba</author><author>Rabecca Tembo</author><author>Mildred Zulu</author><author>Jimmy Hangoma</author><author>Amos Yared Massele</author><author>Israel Abebrese Sefah</author><author>Massimo Sartelli</author><author>Rasha Abdelsalam Elshenawy</author><author>Shazia Jamshed</author><author>John Bwalya Muma</author><author>Brian Godman</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundAntifungal resistance (AFR) is a growing global health threat, particularly in low- and middle-income countries such as Zambia, where antifungals are often accessed without prescription. Antifungal stewardship (AFS) programs aim to optimise antifungal use, yet limited data exist on pharmacy students' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward AFR and AFS. This study evaluated pharmacy students' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward AFR and AFS in Zambia.MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among 288 randomly selected pharmacy students between August and September 2024 using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics summarised demographics and KAP responses. Associations were analysed using Chi-square and Fisher's Exact Tests, while multivariable logistic regression identified predictors of good KAP (p < 0.05).ResultsAmong respondents (55.2% female; 76.7% aged 18–25 years), most students (94.1%) knew how to define AFR, and 90.3% recognized antifungal misuse as a factor driving resistance. Nevertheless, only 18.1% showed good knowledge, 67.7% held positive attitudes (especially among fourth-year students, p < 0.001), and merely 2.4% practiced appropriately. Multivariable analysis found that being a fourth-year student increased the likelihood of a good attitude (aOR = 5.10, 95% CI: 2.28–11.43). Married students were more likely to demonstrate good practices (aOR = 2.75, 95% CI: 1.13–6.68) towards AFR and antifungal stewardship (AFS) compared to unmarried ones. Additionally, age above 33 years was not significantly associated with better knowledge (aOR = 1.29, 95% CI: 0.32–5.18).ConclusionPharmacy students in Zambia demonstrated positive attitudes towards AFR and AFS, but significant gaps in knowledge and practice remain. Strengthening AFR and AFS-related content and experiential training within the pharmacy curriculum is urgently needed to improve preparedness for clinical practice.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1822824</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1822824</link>
        <title><![CDATA[“Believing, belonging, becoming”: academic confidence, perceived teacher emotional support and study engagement in research writing of sports science students]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-17T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Joseph Lobo</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionResearch writing is a required academic task that may be challenging for sports science students who are often more accustomed to performance-based and practice-oriented learning environments. This study examined the mediating role of perceived teacher emotional support in the association between academic behavioral confidence and study engagement among Bachelor of Science in Exercise and Sports Science students completing undergraduate research writing in the Philippines.MethodsGrounded in Self-Determination Theory and Social Cognitive Theory, the study employed a cross-sectional design involving 124 students who had completed Research Writing 2. Data were collected using the Academic Behavioral Confidence Scale, Teacher Emotional Support Scale, and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale for Students. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to evaluate the measurement model, structural paths, mediation effect, and predictive relevance of the model.ResultsFindings showed that academic behavioral confidence was positively associated with perceived teacher emotional support and study engagement. Perceived teacher emotional support was also positively associated with study engagement. Mediation analysis indicated a significant indirect association between academic behavioral confidence and study engagement through perceived teacher emotional support, suggesting partial mediation.DiscussionThe study contributes to student engagement and thesis supervision literature by situating confidence, emotional support, and engagement within the underexamined context of undergraduate research writing in sports science. It highlights thesis writing as a motivational and relational process in which students are required to transition from performance-oriented learning to sustained academic inquiry.ConclusionThe findings suggest that confidence-related beliefs and emotionally supportive supervision may be important conditions linked to students’ engagement during thesis writing. However, given the cross-sectional design, the results should be interpreted as evidence of associations rather than causal effects.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1891432</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1891432</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Making teaching visible: video-based dialogic feedback conversations and lecturers’ interpersonal communication. An action research study in Israeli higher education]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-17T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Orit Lehrer Kanfo</author><author>Barbara Jankowiak</author>
        <description><![CDATA[This study examines how higher education lecturers’ interpersonal communication can be supported and developed through a cyclical, video-based dialogic feedback process. Conducted as qualitative action research in an academic college in Israel, the study involved ten lecturers who participated in a semester-long developmental process consisting of three video-recorded lessons, three dialogic feedback conversations, written summaries, and semi-structured interviews before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis and thematic analysis. The findings indicate a developmental sequence across the three feedback cycles, moving from awareness of communicative difficulties, through experimentation and refinement, to consolidation and transfer of change to subsequent teaching. Participants described the video-based dialogic feedback conversations as enabling them to see, reinterpret, and better understand their own teaching practices. Reported and observed patterns of change were identified across five dimensions of interpersonal communication: lesson organization, clarity of messages, contact with students, creation of interest, and creation of value. Participants experienced the process as professional, concrete, supportive, and complementary to student evaluations. The findings suggest that formative, video-based dialogic feedback can strengthen academic development by providing lecturers with practice-based guidance, supporting reflective professional learning, and enabling gradual pedagogical change. The study highlights the value of moving beyond reliance on student evaluations alone toward developmental feedback processes that help lecturers examine concrete teaching situations, reinterpret their practice, and transfer new insights to subsequent teaching contexts.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1892041</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1892041</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Educational supervision in GCC school systems is shaped by inspection, accountability, and context-sensitive instructional leadership: a systematic review]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Systematic Review</category>
        <author>Hesham R. I. Badawy</author><author>Tamara Alshloul</author><author>Hosam R. I. Badawy</author><author>Shaikha M. Al Zaabi</author><author>Maram Al-Hasan</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionEducational supervision in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) school systems has expanded beyond classroom observation to encompass teacher evaluation, school inspection, quality assurance, instructional leadership, mentoring, coaching, professional learning, and technology-supported supervision. However, evidence remains dispersed across several related literatures.MethodsThis systematic review synthesised 40 studies addressing direct clinical, instructional, and developmental supervision; teacher evaluation and data-driven appraisal; school inspection and quality assurance; instructional and middle leadership; and coaching, mentoring, onboarding, and professional learning. The review followed a transparent systematic procedure informed by PRISMA and qualitative evidence-synthesis principles, including explicit eligibility criteria, database searching, screening, extraction, appraisal, and thematic synthesis.ResultsSix cross-cutting themes were identified: supervision as an institutional continuum, feedback quality, role ambiguity and distributed supervision, inspection–development tension, data and technology, and professional-learning integration. Supervision emerged as a multi-level institutional practice shaped by accountability pressures, leadership mediation, feedback processes, and professional-learning capacity.DiscussionThe review develops a GCC-sensitive conceptualisation of supervision ranging from compliance-oriented monitoring to developmental capacity building. Effective reform requires stronger feedback literacy, protected professional dialogue, clearer differentiation between evaluation and coaching, and evidence-informed alignment among inspection, leadership development, and teacher professional learning.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1891536</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1891536</link>
        <title><![CDATA[A comparative study of centralized upper secondary school-leaving mathematics examination tasks in Poland and North Rhine-Westphalia with respect to problem solving, modelling, and reasoning competencies]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Bruno Scheja</author><author>Anna Schreck</author><author>Benjamin Rott</author>
        <description><![CDATA[This study examines upper secondary school-leaving mathematics examination tasks from Poland (2005–2023) and the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia (2007–2023) with regard to three central mathematical competencies: problem solving, modelling, and reasoning – and their competency levels. Drawing on the competency framework of Niss and Højgaard, a comparative document analysis was conducted using three competency-specific coding schemes. The analysis covers complete corpora of centralized basic-level mathematics examinations, comprising 570 Polish and 2,731 North Rhine-Westphalian tasks. The study first identifies and describes the distribution of competencies and competency levels within each examination system reflected in the examination tasks over the course of time. It then compares both systems statistically, identifying similarities and differences in the distribution of competency demands. The results reveal distinct competency profiles in the mathematics examination tasks from Poland and North Rhine-Westphalia. In North Rhine-Westphalia, modelling constitutes the dominant competency demand, whereas problem solving and reasoning occur considerably less frequently. In contrast, Polish examination tasks show higher levels of problem solving, while modelling and reasoning play only a minor role. In both systems, higher competency levels occur only rarely across all three competencies. By providing the first comprehensive comparison of complete upper secondary school-leaving mathematics examination corpora from Poland and North Rhine-Westphalia, this study contributes to research on competence-oriented assessment. The findings contribute to discussions on examination design, the implementation of competency-oriented curricula, educational quality, and the comparability of upper secondary school-leaving qualifications within the European educational area.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1852558</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1852558</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Technology-supported methodological foundations for teaching innovative urban development in school geography]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Nursultan Salimzhanov</author><author>Duman Aliaskarov</author><author>Sagyngali Kalkashev</author><author>Aliya Ayapbekova</author><author>Mehmet Somuncu</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionRapid urbanization, digitalization, and sustainability challenges require school geography to move beyond descriptive approaches toward analytical, technology-supported learning about urban systems. This study developed and evaluated a methodological framework for integrating smart and sustainable city concepts into secondary school geography through a place-based elective course focused on Almaty, Kazakhstan.MethodsThe framework was implemented in a 34-hour ninth-grade elective course, Geography of Cities: Almaty, combining a content-structural model, local case studies, authentic urban datasets, Google Earth materials, and mobile learning activities delivered through the Bilim All application. A quasi-experimental design compared experimental and control groups. Data were collected using a baseline diagnostic test, a post-intervention achievement assessment, student questionnaires, and classroom observations. Between-group differences were examined using the Mann–Whitney U test.ResultsThe experimental group achieved higher post-intervention scores than the control group across all seven assessed content areas. Statistically significant differences were found in each area, with the largest gaps in demography and urbanization, settlement classification, and functional zoning. Functional zoning and urban functions nevertheless remained comparatively challenging, indicating persistent difficulties with applied map-based and data-based reasoning.DiscussionThe findings support the value of a technology-supported, place-based framework for urban geography education and provide practical guidance for integrating local data, digital tools, and urban case analysis into school curricula. Because intact classes and non-random group assignment were used, the results indicate a significant association with improved learning outcomes rather than definitive causal effectiveness.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1777033</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1777033</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Adaptive Digital Portfolio Assessment yields sustained equitable arts gains: a longitudinal randomized controlled trial with mixed-methods integration]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author> Taswadi</author><author>Galih J. Kurnia</author><author>Badrul Isa</author>
        <description><![CDATA[This study evaluates the Adaptive Digital Portfolio Assessment (ADPA) framework designed to address assessment inequities in arts education within the Global South. We conducted a 12-month longitudinal randomized controlled trial involving 1,200 senior secondary (SMA) students across 60 schools in West Java, Indonesia, as part of a broader national study across multiple Indonesian provinces. Utilizing Latent Growth Curve Modeling, Mediation Analysis, and Moderated Mediation, we tracked artistic competence trajectories and psychological pathways grounded in Self-Determination Theory (SDT) and Expectancy-Value Theory. Qualitative Reflexive Thematic Analysis (n = 135) provided mechanistic depth. The ADPA intervention group exhibited significantly steeper growth trajectories in artistic competence (slope = 2.34 points/month vs. control = 0.41 points/month; p < .001; d = 0.94), with 78% of these gains persisting at the 12-month follow-up (d = 0.61). Mediation analysis revealed that psychological internalization processes, specifically competence satisfaction, autonomy satisfaction, and task value realization, accounted for 37.8% of the total effect initially, declining to 28.4% by month 12, aligning with the theoretical framework. Crucially for equity, low-socioeconomic status (SES) students achieved effect sizes (d = 0.89) nearly identical to middle-SES peers (d = 0.99; interaction p = .674), demonstrating that ADPA substantially reduced differential effects associated with socioeconomic background as a predictor of artistic growth. Negative case analysis identified algorithmic opacity and device accessibility as critical boundary conditions. The ADPA framework demonstrates that equity-first educational technology design can effectively bridge achievement gaps, offering a scalable model to substantially reduce socioeconomic barriers to creative development in resource-limited environments.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1862260</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1862260</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Supervision in educational leadership: practices, challenges, and innovations in the UAE — a multi-level coupling analysis of the current and future]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Policy and Practice Reviews</category>
        <author>Hosam R. I. Badawy</author><author>Tamara Alshloul</author><author>Hesham R. I. Badawy</author><author>Khawla M. Hassan Almaazmi</author><author>Wissal Mohsen</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Educational supervision has evolved internationally from a narrow inspection-and-compliance function toward a developmental practice supporting instructional leadership, professional learning, and sustained school improvement. This Policy Review examines UAE supervision through loose-coupling and instructional leadership theories. Using a structured narrative-synthesis methodology (Section <br>3), the review draws on 54 sources — 15 UAE-specific empirical or policy sources and 39 international theoretical, comparative, meta-analytic, or methodological sources — benchmarked against four contrasting international supervision models (Section <br>5). The review shows that the UAE's multi-authority governance structure (Ministry of Education, Abu Dhabi Department of Education and Knowledge, Knowledge and Human Development Authority) produces a loosely coupled accountability system that becomes progressively tighter, and more consequential for teaching quality, as it approaches the classroom. Current supervisory practice is dominated by observation-and-documentation cycles whose developmental value depends heavily on evaluator capacity, feedback quality, and psychological safety — moderators that international meta-analytic evidence identifies as the mechanisms through which supervision raises or fails to raise instructional quality. A critical synthesis finds UAE research concentrated among a relatively small number of overlapping teams and dominated by small-sample qualitative case studies, with regulator-published policy documents supplementing the peer-reviewed literature in ways that call for cautious generalization. Benchmarked internationally, the UAE emerges as an evolving hybrid model — sharing features with high-stakes European/English inspection, a design associated elsewhere with workforce-retention concerns, while also drawing on elements of Finland's trust-based supervision, and without yet incorporating a Singapore-style competency-track infrastructure for converting accountability data into developmental pathways. Current supervisory practice is dominated by observation-and-documentation cycles whose developmental value depends heavily on evaluator capacity, feedback quality, and psychological safety — moderators that international meta-analytic evidence identifies as the mechanisms through which supervision raises or fails to raise instructional quality. Building on this critique, the authors propose a conceptual model integrating governance, institutional, and classroom-level supervision, and identify four evidence-based innovation trajectories: coaching-oriented supervision (0.49 SD on instruction, 0.18 SD on achievement), AI-assisted instructional feedback, digitally mediated evidence systems, and cross-regulator coherence reform. Two comparative tables and a meta-analytic benchmark table render UAE and international evidence side by side. The contribution is fourfold: this is the first UAE supervision review to apply an explicit coupling-theory lens, make its methodology transparent, position the UAE against international models through international contextual benchmarking, and render its three-authority system as a single conceptual diagram for policymakers and school leaders.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1908552</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1908552</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Development and pilot testing of multi-stakeholder questionnaires for assessing University 4.0 transformation in higher education institutions]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Fatima Abnoulgid</author><author>Sarah Aouhassi</author><author>Khalifa Mansouri</author><author>Fatiha Akef</author><author>Mohamed Lamine Soudani</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionThe transition to University 4.0 requires higher education institutions to develop reliable and context-appropriate tools capable of evaluating digital, pedagogical, research, and governance transformations from the perspective of multiple stakeholders. In Morocco, the available evaluation tools remain limited, as they were developed in different institutional contexts or focus on isolated aspects of digital transformation. This study aimed to develop, test, and exploratorily refine a set of multi-stakeholder questionnaires designed to assess the transition to University 4.0 in Moroccan higher education institutions.MethodsSix questionnaires were developed for students, faculty members and administrative staff, covering Education 4.0, Research 4.0 and Governance 4.0. Their refinement combined pilot tests, psychometric indicators, XAI-based item importance using SHAP and importance by permutation, as well as content validation based on expertise.ResultsFollowing the combined process of psychometrics, XAI, and expert review, 52 of the initial 183 items were retained, 51 required reformulation, and 80 were recommended for removal. The student questionnaires showed the strongest overall preliminary performance. Student_Education exhibited questionable internal consistency (α = 0.663) and an average corrected item-total correlation of 0.253, while reaching a relatively high S-CVI/Ave of 0.894. Student_Gov_Research demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (α = 0.794), an average corrected item-total correlation of 0.297, close to the conventional criterion of 0.30, and the highest S-CVI/Ave value (0.941).DiscussionThe results support the use of XAI as an exploratory decision-support tool for the refinement of questionnaires when combined with psychometric evidence, theoretical considerations, and expert judgment. The refined instruments remain pilot prototypes and require further validation using larger, balanced, and multi-institutional samples.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1793332</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1793332</link>
        <title><![CDATA[An exploratory ecosystems analysis of biomedical research training reveals persistent unmet needs from the perspectives of graduate students and program managers]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Emma L. Svenson</author><author>Fátima Sancheznieto</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionRecent attention to graduate student mental health, changing career landscapes, the individual financial burden of graduate school and postdoctoral pathways, and continued challenges to diversify academic training signal that the time is ripe for reimagining the vision, design, and implementation of biomedical research education and training in the United States.MethodsWe sought to assess biomedical graduate student needs and how they arose within the context of a large midwestern institution's school of medicine. We did this by conducting semi-structured focus groups of biomedical graduate students and staff graduate program managers at our institution. We then employed an ecosystems theoretical framework and situational analysis to analyze focus group data using NVivo software.ResultsOur results identify seven distinct categories of unmet graduate student needs, ranging from community building to the establishment of equitable, clear and transparent policies. We further elaborate on the complex relationship between these needs, and the various ecosystem levels impacting them.DiscussionOur results highlight the important role that relationships, such as those with graduate program managers, play for graduate students. We therefore conclude that greater support, including administrative, fiscal, and coordination for those who are supporting graduate students, as well as intentional and evidence-based programming centering on graduate student needs and voices, is warranted to develop training that will produce the next generation of biomedical leaders and professionals.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1884961</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1884961</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Using activity theory to inform the design of academic resources for first-year engineering students]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Gayoung Kim</author><author>Chamille Lescott</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionUniversity academic resources such as tutoring, office hours, and peer-led study programs are key institutional tools for supporting student learning, but these resources are often underutilized by the students who need them most. A student's ability and willingness to seek academic help are strongly correlated with student retention. Academic resources play a role in both the academic and social spheres of a student's college experience and may impact a student's decision to persist in a challenging discipline or remain enrolled at their institution. This qualitative study examines how socio-institutional culture shapes first-year engineering students' navigation of academic resources.MethodsUsing cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT) as an analytical lens, researchers conducted twenty semi-structured interviews to identify internal, social, and structural contradictions that shape help-seeking behaviors.ResultsThematic analysis revealed three interrelated cultural norms: Hustle Culture, Collaborative Culture, and Academic Hierarchy. Each norm generated systemic contradictions, including belonging versus bandwidth, peer networks that gatekeep less popular resources, and the hidden curriculum surrounding expert support. When asked how to address these contradictions, study participants proposed consolidating resources, increasing transparency, and amplifying peer recommendations.DiscussionThe process of mapping activity system contradictions, naming cultural norms, and generating student-centered design opportunities is transferable across institutional contexts and useful to first-year experience practitioners, academic support directors, and advising offices seeking to co-create interventions that are responsive to their students' sociocultural realities.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1768531</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1768531</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Patterns of participation: describing student engagement across agricultural education components]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>William Norris</author><author>Roger Hanagriff</author><author>Lacey Roberts-Hill</author><author>Krysti Kelley</author><author>Clarissa Darby</author><author>Don Edgar</author><author>Kirk Swortzel</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionAgricultural education aims to prepare students for careers in agriculture and related industries through three critical components: classroom and laboratory instruction, leadership through the National FFA Organization (FFA), and supervised agricultural experiences (SAEs). This combination of learning strategies is critical to agricultural education's student engagement, which can lead to increased career preparedness, the development of employability skills, and becoming an informed consumer of agricultural products.MethodsThis study analyzed data from the Agricultural Experience Tracker (AET), a web-based record-keeping platform used by agricultural educators for SAE and FFA records. The data were collected from 230,228 students in 1,245 agricultural education programs in nine purposively selected states. This data was utilized to describe patterns of student engagement in FFA and SAE activities. We used Welch's F-test to assess statistical differences in FFA and SAE engagement between states included in the study.ResultsWe found that annual FFA and SAE engagement varied among students, with only 24.56% of members engaged in community service, 35.19% engaged in at least two FFA activities at the local level or higher, 33.37% of first-year students with an SAE project with over 10 h of engagement, and 29.29% of continuing students participating in an SAE project with over 50 h of engagement. Furthermore, the results indicated that some states included in the study engaged students in FFA and SAE at significantly higher rates than other states.DiscussionEngagement in SAE was most common among first-year students participating in a foundational project, though this often did not translate into sustained involvement in an immersion project. It is recommended that educators further integrate FFA and SAE components into classroom instruction and that agricultural education continue to expand opportunities for participation and ensure equity for all students. Additionally, states with lower rates of FFA and SAE engagement should use states with higher rates as examples to identify effective strategies to increase participation.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1922560</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1922560</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Subjective AI decision-making significance (SAID) in high-school students]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Elena M. D. Schönthaler</author><author>Melanie Lenger</author><author>Philipp Kranabitl</author><author>Markus Trofaier</author><author>Hannes Hick</author><author>Alfred Häussl</author><author>Hannah Lackner</author><author>Linda Kratzer</author><author>Anton Schleinitz</author><author>Ina Zwigl</author><author>Eva Z. Reininghaus</author><author>Nina Dalkner</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundArtificial intelligence (AI) is now a widespread everyday tool and its impact has been researched in various domains of life. However, little is known about how AI affects decision-making in daily life, especially in young individuals, who experience the use of AI at an early age. This study explored how high school students perceive and use AI in everyday decision-making, thereby conducting an initial validation of a novel phenomenon termed subjective AI decision-making significance (SAID).MethodsAn online survey of 197 Austrian students assessed SAID with decision-making scenarios that were previously developed together with stakeholders. Moreover, attitudes toward AI, self-efficacy, and subjective physical and mental health were measured using questionnaires. Factor analyses were conducted to observe underlying constructs of SAID and regression analyses were administered to predict these factors from attitudes, self-efficacy, subjective health and demographic variables.ResultsUsing factor analysis, two SAID factors emerged: ethical/social and practical decision-making. Both correlated with perceived AI helpfulness. Moreover, lower self-efficacy was linked to greater subjective significance of AI for decision-making in ethical/moral and social contexts.ConclusionThese preliminary findings suggest that students perceive AI as a helpful tool for both ethical/moral and social decision-making as well as practical decision-making. However, they also underscore the need to enhance AI literacy, especially among students with lower self-efficacy, to support informed use, critical reflection and independent thinking. Future research should investigate additional variables, including AI experience and personality traits.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1876627</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1876627</link>
        <title><![CDATA[AI literacy and subject specialization in pre-service teacher education: a mixed-methods study of dimensional profiles and perceived pedagogical challenges]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Yu Hu</author><author>Lan Wang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Artificial intelligence (AI) literacy has become an important component of teacher preparation, yet limited evidence is available on pre-service teachers’ self-reported AI literacy profiles and the challenges they perceive in connecting AI-related awareness with pedagogical practice. This study examined self-reported AI literacy and perceived pedagogical challenges among pre-service primary teachers using an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design. Survey data were collected from 161 third-year students in a university-based primary teacher education program in Central China, followed by semi-structured interviews with nine purposively selected participants. The study used a theoretically informed four-dimensional framework comprising AI Perception, AI Knowledge and Skills, AI Application and Innovation, and AI Ethics. Quantitative results showed a moderately high overall level of self-reported AI literacy, with AI Perception and AI Ethics slightly higher than AI Knowledge and Skills and AI Application and Innovation. Mathematics students reported higher self-rated scores than Chinese and English students across all four dimensions in this sample. The qualitative findings provided possible contextual interpretations of these survey patterns by highlighting participants’ perceptions of disciplinary alignment, unequal AI-related learning opportunities, limited subject-specific pedagogical support, and insufficient practicum-based experience. Participants recognized general ethical concerns but reported uncertainty about applying ethical principles to specific classroom situations.]]></description>
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