AUTHOR=Zhang Jiaoyue , Kong Wen , Xia Pengfei , Xu Ying , Li Li , Li Qin , Yang Li , Wei Qi , Wang Hanyu , Li Huiqing , Zheng Juan , Sun Hui , Xia Wenfang , Liu Geng , Zhong Xueyu , Qiu Kangli , Li Yan , Wang Han , Wang Yuxiu , Song Xiaoli , Liu Hua , Xiong Si , Liu Yumei , Cui Zhenhai , Hu Yu , Chen Lulu , Pan An , Zeng Tianshu 

TITLE=Impaired Fasting Glucose and Diabetes Are Related to Higher Risks of Complications and Mortality Among Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Endocrinology

VOLUME=11

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2020.00525

DOI=10.3389/fendo.2020.00525

ISSN=1664-2392

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Background:</bold> Diabetes correlates with poor prognosis in patients with COVID-19, but very few studies have evaluated whether impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is also a risk factor for the poor outcomes of patients with COVID-19. Here we aimed to examine the associations between IFG and diabetes at admission with risks of complications and mortality among patients with COVID-19.</p><p><bold>Methods:</bold> In this multicenter retrospective cohort study, we enrolled 312 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 from 5 hospitals in Wuhan from Jan 1 to Mar 17, 2020. Clinical information, laboratory findings, complications, treatment regimens, and mortality status were collected. The associations between hyperglycemia and diabetes status at admission with primary composite end-point events (including mechanical ventilation, admission to intensive care unit, or death) were analyzed by Cox proportional hazards regression models.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> The median age of the patients was 57 years (interquartile range 38–66), and 172 (55%) were women. At the time of hospital admission, 84 (27%) had diabetes (and 36 were new-diagnosed), 62 (20%) had IFG, and 166 (53%) had normal fasting glucose (NFG) levels. Compared to patients with NFG, patients with IFG and diabetes developed more primary composite end-point events (9 [5%], 11 [18%], 26 [31%]), including receiving mechanical ventilation (5 [3%], 6 [10%], 21 [25%]), and death (4 [2%], 9 [15%], 20 [24%]). Multivariable Cox regression analyses showed diabetes was associated increased risks of primary composite end-point events (hazard ratio 3.53; 95% confidence interval 1.48–8.40) and mortality (6.25; 1.91–20.45), and IFG was associated with an increased risk of mortality (4.11; 1.15–14.74), after adjusting for age, sex, hospitals and comorbidities.</p><p><bold>Conclusion:</bold> IFG and diabetes at admission were associated with higher risks of adverse outcomes among patients with COVID-19.</p>