AUTHOR=Liu Ying , Wang Xi-Ju , Wang Jin-Ling , Liu Li-Hong , Zhao Shuo-Ran , Yu Shou-Jun , Yang Bei-Bei , Xu Qing-Ling , Li Jin-Ke , Wang Shu-Rong 

TITLE=Internal Jugular Vein Thrombosis After Microwave Ablation of Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: A Case Report

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Endocrinology

VOLUME=Volume 13 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.792715

DOI=10.3389/fendo.2022.792715

ISSN=1664-2392

ABSTRACT=Two patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma and lymph node metastasis were treated by Dr. Shurong Wang’s team and are reported here. The two patients refused surgery and underwent microwave ablation (MWA) of the thyroid and lymph node lesions. Ultrasound examination 2 days after MWA revealed internal jugular vein thrombosis. Patient #1 received low molecular weight heparin calcium injection, Xueshuantong injection, Xiangdan injection, and rivaroxaban. Patient #2 was treated with enoxaparin sodium injection, Xueshuantong injection, urokinase, and warfarin sodium tablet. The thrombi were successfully managed using anticoagulant treatment. Such a complication of MWA is rare. According to the literature, thrombosis after thyroid cancer ablation might be related to subclinical hypothyroidism, increased blood heme oxidase 1 (HO-1) levels in patients with papillary thyroid cancer, and increased platelet content and mean platelet volume in patients with thyroid cancer. No specific cause of thrombosis was identified in the two cases reported here. No recurrence was observed after 1 (patient #1) and 4 (#2) years of follow-up. In conclusion, patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma and lymph node metastasis should undergo color Doppler ultrasound of the neck after MWA of thyroid lesions and neck metastasis.