AUTHOR=Alves Junior Jose Mario , Bernardo Wanderley Marques , Ward Laura Sterian , Villagelin Danilo 

TITLE=Effect of Hyperthyroidism Control During Pregnancy on Maternal and Fetal Outcome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Endocrinology

VOLUME=Volume 13 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.800257

DOI=10.3389/fendo.2022.800257

ISSN=1664-2392

ABSTRACT=Context: Although treatment of overt hyperthyroidism during pregnancy is mandatory, unfortunately, few studies evaluated the impact of treatment reduction in maternal e fetal endpoints.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the potential of reducing maternal-fetal effects with treating hyperthyroidism manifested during pregnancy through a systematic review with meta-analysis.
Data Source: MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library Central, LILACS/BIREME until May 2021.
Study Selection: Studies that compared, during the gestational period, women with hyperthyroidism treated versus euthyroid women. The following outcomes of this comparison were: pre-eclampsia, abruptio placentae, fetal growth retardation, gestational diabetes, postpartum hemorrhage, low birth weight, stillbirth, spontaneous abortions, premature birth.
Data extraction: Two reviewers independently extracted data and performed quality assessments. Dichotomous data will be analyzed by computing risk differences (RD) with fixed- and random-effect models were employed according to the level of heterogeneity.
Data Synthesis: Seven cohort studies were included. The results of the meta-analysis indicated that there was a lower incidence of preeclampsia (p=0.01), low birth weight (p=0.03), spontaneous abortion (p<0.00001), and preterm birth (p=0.001) in favor of the euthyroid pregnant group when compared to those who treated hyperthyroidism during pregnancy.
Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated that treating overt hyperthyroidism in pregnancy is mandatory and appears to reduce some potential maternal-fetal complications, despite still there being a residual risk of negative outcomes.