AUTHOR=Yu Meixing , Tang Jia , Huang Yanqing , Guo Chenbing , Du Peng , Li Ning , Quan Qingli 

TITLE=HOXA10 Regulates the Synthesis of Cholesterol in Endometrial Stromal Cells

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Endocrinology

VOLUME=Volume 13 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.852671

DOI=10.3389/fendo.2022.852671

ISSN=1664-2392

ABSTRACT=Background: The expression of HOXA10 in endometrial stromal cells is regulated by steroid hormones, especially by estrogen. As a precursor molecule of estrogen, abnormal cholesterol metabolism is significantly positively correlated with endometriosis. The purpose of this study is to explore the regulation of HOXA10 on cholesterol synthesis in endometrial stromal cells.

Method: mRNA expression data of eutopic endometrial stromal cell (ESC) and ovarian endometriotic cysts stromal cell (OESC) was download from the GEO databases. Over-expression and silence of HOXA10 were conducted in cultured ESC and subjected to mRNA sequencing. The differential expressed genes (DEGs) were selected by analyzing the sequencing data. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was applied to identify the key genes associated with HOXA10. The methylation rate of HOXA10 CpGs and the correlation between HOXA10 expression and the methylation in eutopic endometrial tissue(EU) and ovarian ectopic endometrial tissue(OEC) were analyzed.

Results: HOXA10 in ESC was significantly higher expressed than that in OESC. Six key genes (HMGCR, MSMO1, ACAT2, HMGCS1, EBP and SQLE), which regulated by HOXA10, were identified from the salmon4 module by WGCNA. All these key genes were enriched in cholesterol synthesis. Moreover, the expression of HOXA10 was negatively related to its CpGs methylation rate.

Conclusion: In this study, six key genes which regulated by HOXA10 were selected, and all of them were enriched in cholesterol synthesis. This finding provided a new insight into the metabolic mechanism of cholesterol in ESC. It also provided a potential treatment strategy for cholesterol metabolism maladjustment in patients with ovarian endometriosis.