AUTHOR=Wang Fang , Zhang Ruiqi , Zhou Zhaokai , Shi Run , Peng Fu , Xu Yudi , Yang Shuai , Wang Zhan , Zhang Pengpeng , Tu Rui , Zhang Chun , Liu Xingchen , Cai Jun 

TITLE=CAR-T therapy for endocrine neoplasms: novel targets and combination of therapies

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Endocrinology

VOLUME=Volume 16 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1517525

DOI=10.3389/fendo.2025.1517525

ISSN=1664-2392

ABSTRACT=Endocrine malignancies constitute a heterogeneous tumour group with diverse biological characteristics. While typically indolent, they encompass aggressive types and presence of any metastatic sign indicates a high probability of recurrence and a diminished response to conventional therapies. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell immunotherapy has constituted a revolutionary advance in cancer treatment and exhibited significant potential for application in endocrine cancer. However, limited effectiveness was displayed in clinical application, which necessitates the exploration of novel modalities. Identification of specific and safe targets for endocrine cancer is the initial stage towards establishing a successful CAR-T treatment. Various therapies under investigation offer potential enhancements to CAR T cell efficacy through diverse mechanisms. Herein, we summarize recent advances in identifying targets of endocrine cancer for CAR therapy and provide an overview of combinatorial approaches.