AUTHOR=Hao Yanhong , Zhang Yanjing , Su Yuan , Liu Liping 

TITLE=Construction and validation of a predictive model for lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Endocrinology

VOLUME=Volume 16 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1551108

DOI=10.3389/fendo.2025.1551108

ISSN=1664-2392

ABSTRACT=ObjectiveTo study the occurrence of lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and construct a predictive model to assess its predictive performance.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the data of 432 patients with PTC. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was used to select the features, and multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the predictive factors. Multiple machine learning (ML) classification models are integrated to analyze and identify the optimal model, while Shapley additive exPlanations (SHAPs) are used for personalized risk assessment. A total of 125 patients from Changzhi Heping Hospital were included in an external validation set to evaluate the generalizability of our model.ResultsPredictors of central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) included age, sex, maximum nodule diameter, margin, morphology, number of nodules, relationship between the nodule and the thyroid envelope, and coarse calcification. A logistic classification model was identified as the optimal model, with a test set area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.798. The validation results using external data were consistent, demonstrating the stability and generalizability of our model.ConclusionWe established a logistic model using the SHAP method, which provides evidence for the ability of the SHAP method to predict lymph node metastasis and serves as a basis for personalized healthcare.