AUTHOR=Kang Wenfa , Guan Yajuan , Danang Wijaya Fransisco , Kondorura Bawan Elias , Priyo Perdana Adam , Vasquez Juan C. , M. Guerrero Josep 

TITLE=Community microgrid planning in Lombok Island: an Indonesian case study

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Energy Research

VOLUME=Volume 11 - 2023

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/energy-research/articles/10.3389/fenrg.2023.1209875

DOI=10.3389/fenrg.2023.1209875

ISSN=2296-598X

ABSTRACT=Rural electrification, diesel generator replacement, and resilient electrification systems against natural disasters are among the main targets for the Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN) in Indonesia to achieve a universally accessible, resilient, and environmen-tal-friendly electricity supply. Microgrids, therefore, become a popular and available way to achieve the above-mentioned targets due to their flexibility and resiliency. This paper is to provide a resilience-oriented planning strategy for community microgrids in Lombok Island, Indonesia. A mixed-integer linear program, implemented in the distributed energy resources customer adoption model (DER-CAM), is presented in this paper to find the optimal technology portfolio, placement, capacity, and optimal dispatch in a community microgrid. The multi-node model is adopted for the planning, and hence, power flow constraints, N-1 contingency, and technology constraints are considered. The results show that the placement of photovoltaic (PV) arrays, battery energy storage systems (BESS) and diesel generators (DG) as backup sources in multi-nodes community microgrids, lead to multiple benefits, including 100% rural electrification, over 25% cost savings as well as over 22%, in particular, CO2 emissions reduction in multi-node community microgrids.