AUTHOR=Wang Yanwen , Sun Yanying , Dan Yangqing , Li Yalong , Cao Jiyuan , Han Xueqian TITLE=Online load-loss risk assessment based on stacking ensemble learning for power systems JOURNAL=Frontiers in Energy Research VOLUME=Volume 11 - 2023 YEAR=2023 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/energy-research/articles/10.3389/fenrg.2023.1281368 DOI=10.3389/fenrg.2023.1281368 ISSN=2296-598X ABSTRACT=

Power systems faces significant uncertainty during operation owing to the increased integration of renewable energy into power grids and the expansion of the scale of power systems, these factors lead to higher load-loss risks; therefore, realization of a fast online load-loss risk assessment is crucial to ensuring the operational safety and reliability of power systems. This paper presents an online load-loss risk assessment method for power systems based on stacking ensemble learning. First, a traditional load-loss risk assessment method based on power flow analysis was constructed to generate risk samples. The label of the sample is load-loss risk assessment index and the features are multiple operational variables of the power system. And the recursive feature elimination using cross validation (RFECV) was adopted for feature selection. Second, four different machine learning models, including support vector regression (SVR), extremely randomized trees (ET), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) and elastic network (EN) were used to form a stacking ensemble learning model for sample training. Moreover, to further improve the model performance, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms was used for parameter optimization. Finally, based on this model, the online load-loss risk assessment of a power system was realized. The application of the proposed method on IEEE test systems demonstrated that the proposed method was more accurate than methods based on individual machine learning models, from which the stacking was designed, while still maintaining a significant advantage in terms of runtime compared to the traditional risk assessment method.