AUTHOR=Zhang Qiang , Jia Qi , Zhang Tingqi , Zeng Hui , Wang Chao , Liu Wansong 

TITLE=Frequency minimum inertia calculation of complex power systems based on an improved simulated annealing algorithm

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Energy Research

VOLUME=Volume 13 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/energy-research/articles/10.3389/fenrg.2025.1511433

DOI=10.3389/fenrg.2025.1511433

ISSN=2296-598X

ABSTRACT=In order to enhance the inertia situational awareness and stability of the power system in the context of the reduction of power system inertia and the challenge of frequency stability due to the high proportion of new energy access, the background and purpose of the study are stated in the introduction; methodologically, based on the frequency response model of the power system, we analyze the time and magnitude of the maximum frequency offset, clarify the factors affecting the frequency stability and construct the mathematical relationship, and then build a model for assessing the minimum inertia of the power system taking into account the virtual inertia of the new energy source. Then, based on the whole process of frequency response, we construct a power system minimum inertia assessment model taking into account the virtual inertia of new energy sources, and introduce an improved simulated annealing algorithm to solve the problem; the results validate the accuracy of the method through the IEEE-14 node model; the discussion section points out that this method provides a feasible solution for the inertia situational awareness of power system, which is helpful for the optimization of the operation, and also proposes that in the future we can take into account more uncertainties to improve the model and algorithm and to enhance the practicability and adaptability of this method. It is also suggested that more uncertainty factors can be considered in the future to improve the model and algorithm and enhance the practicality and adaptability.