AUTHOR=Iqbal Kanwar Muhammad Javed , Khan Muhammad Irfan , Mikhaylov Alexey , Shah Ashfaq Ahmad , Yadykin Vladimir , Leal Filho Walter , Tariq Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman , Ullah Wahid 

TITLE=Modeling principles, criteria and indicators to assess water sector governance for climate compatibility and sustainability

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Environmental Science

VOLUME=Volume 11 - 2023

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/environmental-science/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2023.989930

DOI=10.3389/fenvs.2023.989930

ISSN=2296-665X

ABSTRACT=The United Nations SDGs Report 2020 highlighted that about 39 million people were severe climate victims during 2018, while 2019 was the second warmest year on historical record. A 3.2°C increase is anticipated rise in global temperature by the year 2100, whereas the annual global emissions reduction target is lagging behind by about 7.6% for limiting the warming effect to 1.5°. Climatic variations will likely continue with similar trends. Environmental security agenda under SDG-13 requires an integrated climate compatible development (CCD) approach of ‘triple-win strategies’ with inclusive governance mechanism. Existing climate governance arrangements in developing countries are quite complex and lack ownership. In this backdrop, a multivariate mix-method model, that was formulated as an outcome of a study, aimed to assess the adequacy of the overall state of sectoral governance for CCD by combining rules-based and rights-based approaches. This model integrates six governance components, MCDA, SMART, Ratio Scale, and six novel principles of climate governance with a set of sectoral Indicators of 09 CCD Criteria. It proved well for this water sector case study with a cross-section data of 340 KIIs and 17 FGDs in Pakistan, validated statistically. It can be used for periodic sectoral climate governance assessment for CCD.