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        <title>Frontiers in Environmental Science | Soil Processes section | New and Recent Articles</title>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/environmental-science/sections/soil-processes</link>
        <description>RSS Feed for Soil Processes section in the Frontiers in Environmental Science journal | New and Recent Articles</description>
        <language>en-us</language>
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        <pubDate>2026-05-12T17:44:01.911+00:00</pubDate>
        <ttl>60</ttl>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1863446</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1863446</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Editorial: Advances in soil pollution research: risk assessment and ecosystems management]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Editorial</category>
        <author>Oliver Wiche</author><author>Lyudmyla Symochko</author><author>Pavol Midula</author><author>Zahra Kalantari</author><author>Carla Sofia Santos Ferreira</author>
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1800122</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1800122</link>
        <title><![CDATA[The impact of transverse grass strip distribution patterns on slope erosion and hydrodynamic mechanisms]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-07T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Yiwen Liang</author><author>Sijia Feng</author><author>Ke Li</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Vegetation distribution patterns are key drivers of surface runoff and soil erosion in arid and semi-arid regions. However, quantitative studies on the parameterization of Transverse Grass Strip Combinations (TGSC) patterns are still scarce. Through controlled movable-bed erosion experiments conducted under a fixed 50% vegetation cover, we quantified the effects of different TGSC patterns on slope hydrodynamic characteristics and erosion rates under various slopes and flow conditions. Results show hydrodynamic parameters and slope erosion rate increase with the increase of slope and flow rate. In addition, the TGSC significantly reduced slope erosion, and there was a significant power-law relationship between erosion rates and hydrodynamic parameters (with flow rate exponent being the best indicator). We further parameterized TGSC patterns based on the Path Connectivity Index (PCI), developed and validated a high-performance erosion prediction model, and identified a critical grass strip width threshold of 0.3 m to achieve optimal erosion control. This study provides theoretical support for vegetation-based soil and water conservation in arid and semi-arid regions.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1833310</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1833310</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Feasibility of microbially-solidified coal gangue particles as vegetation substrate for vegetation restoration]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-07T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Erxing Peng</author><author>Xiaoying Hu</author><author>Zuojun Ning</author><author>Fansheng Zhou</author><author>Yaling Chou</author><author>Kaichun Zhou</author><author>Qifan Yang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The feasibility of coal gangue particles solidified with microbially-induced carbonate precipitation technology (MICP) as vegetation substrate for vegetation restoration is studied by solidification tests, microscopic tests, and pot tests. Test results show that the strength, water retention, and anti-wind ability of coal gangue particles can be improved by MICP. The main products of MICP solidifying coal gangue particles are calcite and vaterite. Under low solidification degrees, the shape of CaCO3 is an irregular granule. With an increase in the solidification degree, CaCO3 becomes a uniform sphere. Ryegrass can grow in solidified coal gangue particles. When cementation solution concentration and cementation cycles are low, the germination and growth of ryegrass can be improved. With a surge in the solidification degree and ion concentration, salt stress becomes more obvious, and its germination and growth are inhibited. The combined use of coal gangue, MICP treatment, and ryegrass cultivation can provide a potential approach for environmental restoration.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1789707</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1789707</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Current and potential carbon storage in soils of Chilean Patagonia]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-21T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Michell Figueroa</author><author>Dante Pinochet</author><author>John Clunes</author><author>Susana Valle</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionClimate change mitigation increasingly relies on enhancing soil organic carbon (SOC) storage, particularly in soils with strong mineral stabilization mechanisms. This study aimed to quantify the current and potential SOC storage capacity of volcanic soils.MethodsA national soil database covering the Chilean latitudinal gradient (n = 1,660) was used to develop quantile regression models relating SOC to Ala in order to estimate upper and lower SOC storage thresholds. These models were then applied to soils from the Aysén Region under different land uses (n = 173) to evaluate current SOC stocks relative to their storage potential.ResultsResults indicated that approaches based on soil texture were inadequate for estimating SOC storage in volcanic soils, highlighting the importance of mineral reactivity indicators such as Ala. SOC storage potential increased with soil reactivity, with the highest potential values observed in soils with Ala > 600 mg kg−1. Soils in the Aysén Region showed a high SOC storage potential, averaging 358 t C ha−1, yet current stocks were on average 33.5% below this capacity. Agricultural crops and grasslands exhibited the largest gaps between current and potential SOC stocks, whereas wetlands and peatlands were close to or exceeded their estimated storage capacity due to hydromorphic conditions.DiscussionThese findings demonstrate the high carbon sequestration potential of volcanic soils in southern Chile and highlight the importance of mineralogical controls, particularly reactive aluminum, in regulating SOC stabilization and informing land management strategies aimed at increasing soil carbon storage.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1776522</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1776522</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Interactive effect of struvite produced from human urine and emerging contaminants on biological indicators of soil quality]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-20T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Amanda Silva Nunes</author><author>Luisa Müller Vieira</author><author>Leonardo Khaoê Giovanetti</author><author>Rodrigo Barcellos Hoff</author><author>Paulo Emílio Lovato</author><author>Cledimar Rogério Lourenzi</author><author>Luís Carlos Iuñes de Oliveira Filho</author><author>Maria Elisa Magri</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Struvite produced from human urine is rich in macronutrients. It can be used as a slow-release fertilizer, which helps to promote growth and increase the productivity of agricultural crops. However, struvite may contain pharmaceuticals that can alter the quality of agricultural soils. Here, a greenhouse study was conducted to investigate the effects of struvite and pharmaceutical-contaminated struvite on biological indicators of soil quality (microbial growth, microbial biomass, basal respiration, metabolic quotient, and enzyme activity). The struvite was separately contaminated with a mixture of four antibiotics and four neuroactive at three different concentrations, 1, 10, and 100 mg kg−1. The results showed that more than 90% of the pharmaceuticals were not present in the soil after the first 7 days of the study. The effects varied depending on the type of indicator, the pharmaceutical, the concentration, and the day analyzed. Soils that received contaminated struvite generally had lower growth of total heterotrophic bacteria (BHtot) and nitrogen-fixing bacteria (FixN), microbial biomass (MBC), and activity of fluorescein diacetate hydrolases (FDA-H) and dehydrogenases (DHA), but higher basal respiration (SBR) and metabolic quotient (qCO2) in the first 7 days. These results indicate that soil microorganisms exposed to contaminated struvite were under stress during the initial phase struvite application. However, these microorganisms showed the ability to recover by increasing microbial growth by 0.1–1.8 log10 CFU, microbial biomass by 5.3%–102%, and enzymatic activity by 76%–774%. Both positive and negative effects were observed mainly for struvite contaminated with antibiotics. The results obtained help to clarify concerns about the safety of struvite produced from human urine. The ability of soil microorganisms to recover after stress is important to support the responsible use of this fertilizer and encourage more sustainable agricultural practices. However, the effects of pharmaceutical-contaminated struvite resulting from continuous application during successive crops should be considered in future studies.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1693880</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1693880</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Sediment amendment with paddy straw biochar: effects on greenhouse gas fluxes, sediment characteristics, and enzymatic dynamics in inland saline shrimp ponds]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-15T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Arun Konduri</author><author>Vidya Shree Bharti</author><author>Ajay Kumar Bhardwaj</author><author>Saurav Kumar</author><author>Sreedharan Krishnan</author><author>Satya Prakash Shukla</author><author>Tao Kara</author><author>Nisha Chuphal</author><author>Potluri Sai Kishore</author><author>Jyoti Kumar Thakur</author><author>Kishore Kumar Krishnani</author><author>Vinod Kumar Yadav</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Aquaculture, particularly shrimp farming, contributes to GHG emissions due to protein-rich feed inputs and reduced enzymatic activity in saline sediments, which affects soil health. A 75-day field study evaluated the role of PSB in reducing GHG emissions and improving sediment enzyme activity. PSB was applied at two rates: 20 kg/200 m2 (1 ton ha-1, T1) and 40 kg/200 m2 (2-ton ha-1, T2). Biochar application significantly (p < 0.05) increased SMBC levels, reaching 452.43 ± 1.71 mg kg-1 (9.68%) in T1 and 487.99 ± 2.13 mg kg-1 (13.73%) in T2, compared with the control (429.14 ± 1.32 mg kg-1). Bacterial plate counts increased by 32.22% in T1(59.50 ± 1.50 CFU g-1) and 52.22% in T2 (68.50 ± 3 CFU g-1), relative to the control (45.00 ± 2 CFU g-1). Sediment enzymatic activities improved significantly (p < 0.05): FDA activity increased by 9.66% in T1 (25.96 ± 1.78 μg g-1h-1) and 24.49% in T2 (33.13 ± 2.05 μg g-1h-1), while DHA and ALP increased by 25.55% (40.10 ± 2.88 µg TPF g-1 24 h-1) and 63.18% (52.11 ± 2.20 µg TPF g-1 24 h-1), and 9.70% (63.89 ± 1.18 µg PNP g-1 h-1) and 24.48% (72.50 ± 2.36 µg PNP g-1 h-1) in T1 and T2, respectively but only T2 showed statistically significant increases in DHA and ALP (p < 0.05). Biochar application significantly influenced sediment characteristics (p < 0.05). By day 75, sediment organic carbon in T2 was 77.9% (1.21%) higher than the control (0.68%). Similarly, available phosphorus increased by 2.22% in T1 (7.36 mg kg-1) and 2.08% in T2 (7.35 mg kg-1), while total nitrogen increased by 50.2% and 101.7% in T1 (0.1750%) and T2 (0.2350%), respectively, compared to the control (0.1165%). CH4 flux declined by 3.05% in T1 (613.69 ± 12.33 g h-1 d-1) and 9.72% in T2 (571.45 ± 7.72 g h-1 d-1) on day 60, with further reductions of 9.37% (464.91 ± 10.91 g h-1 d-1) and 19.36% (413.67 ± 18.08 g h-1 d-1) by day 75, respectively. N2O flux dropped by 7.62% in T1 (1.843 ± 0.043 g h-1 d-1) and 21.83% in T2 (1.560 ± 0.034 g h-1 d-1) compared to control (1.996 ± 0.037 g h-1 d-1) on day 75, with no significant effect on CO2. These findings highlight the potential of biochar in reducing CH4 and N2O emissions while enhancing sediment quality in inland saline aquaculture.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1746684</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1746684</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Silica alters phosphorus interactions with goethite and hematite: contrasting effects of amorphous silica and monosilicic acid]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-10T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Peter Onyisi Uhuegbue</author><author>Martin Obst</author><author>Karsten Kalbitz</author><author>Jörg Schaller</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionPhosphorus (P) fixation on iron (Fe) oxides in soils is a major constraint on crop production and fertilizer efficiency. Silica (Si) has been proposed to influence P dynamics through competitive interaction at mineral surfaces, yet the relative effects of different Si sources (amorphous silica (ASi) vs. monomeric silicic acid (MSi)) and their interaction with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) remain poorly understood at the mineral scale, particularly across pH values relevant to agricultural soils.MethodsWe evaluated changes in calcium-acetate-lactate (CAL)-extractable P from phosphate-preconditioned hematite and goethite after 30 days of incubation at pH 5 and 7, following the addition of ASi or MSi, with and without DOC co-application.ResultsIn P-only reference treatments, CAL-extractable P remained low over 30 days, ranging from 1.30 to 1.46 and 0.79–0.99 mg P kg-1 for hematite at pH 5 and 7, respectively. Addition of ASi increased CAL-extractable P to 2.14–2.78 mg P kg-1 and 2.28–4.14 mg P kg-1 at pH 5 and 7, respectively. For goethite, CAL-extractable P increased from 0.11 to 0.16 and 0.06–0.37 mg P kg-1 in reference treatments to 0.26–0.45 and 0.20–0.63 mg P kg-1 at pH 5 and 7 following ASi addition. MSi treatment resulted in lower increases in CAL-extractable P and was responsive only for hematite. Co-application of DOC further increased CAL-extractable P (up to 2.7-fold), although the extracted fraction remained small relative to the total mineral-associated P pool. Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy revealed localized Si accumulation coinciding with reduced surface-associated P signals on goethite at pH 5, consistent with altered mineral–phosphate interactions following Si addition.DiscussionThese results suggest that sustained Si supply from ASi dissolution can modify mineral–phosphate interactions, likely through competitive interaction and increased surface coverage by Si, whereas single-dose MSi inputs exert weaker effects. Although the observed increases represent only a small fraction of the mineral-associated P pool, such shifts toward more exchangeable P forms may influence the replenishment of soil solution P. While the experiments were conducted under simplified mineral suspension conditions, the findings indicate that silica inputs may affect labile P pools in Fe-oxide-rich agricultural soils.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1785828</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1785828</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Influence of amorphous silica on potassium immobilization in agricultural soils of the Jianghan Plain, China]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-09T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Abdur Rahman</author><author>Xiaoyan Zhou</author><author>Saad Farooqi</author><author>Xiangzhen Zhou</author><author>Yang Jiao</author><author>Sen Gu</author><author>Qingman Li</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Potassium (K+) fertilization is essential for crop production, yet its efficacy is often hindered by rapid soil fixation. Traditionally, this fixation is attributed to the interlayer spaces of 2:1-type clay minerals. However, emerging evidence suggests that amorphous silica (ASi) significantly influences soil nutrient dynamics. This study investigated the relationship between soil ASi fractions and K+ pools in the agricultural soils (n = 49) of the Jianghan Plain, China. We operationally fractionated ASi into exchangeable (ASiexch), active (ASiactive), non-active (ASin-active), and biogenic (BSi) fractions and quantified their associated K+ pools (K+exch, K+active, K+n-active, and BK+). Results demonstrated that all ASi fractions were significantly correlated with their corresponding K+ pools (p < 0.05). The cumulative K+ associated with ASi fractions (1.45 ± 0.23 g kg-1) significantly exceeded the conventionally defined readily available and slow-available K+ pools, suggesting that current agronomic assessments may underestimate soil K+ fertility. The strength of correlations between the associated K+ and ASi followed the order: ASiexch > ASiactive > ASin-active > BSi. Furthermore, Strong positive correlations (r = 0.81–0.94, p < 0.001) were observed bewteen ASiactive, ASin-active, and Fe/Al, suggesting that these metal oxides are key mediators in K+-ASi interactions. Dynamic extraction revealed sustained co-release of Si and K+, with cumulative K+ extraction reaching up to 17.5% of total K, while X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed minimal alteration of crystalline K-bearing minerals, indicating that K+ release primarily originated from amorphous phases. The findings demonstrate ASi constitutes a substantial, previously underappreciated reservoir of labile K+ in agricultural soils, with its liberation kinetics governed by synergistic interactions with Fe/Al oxides.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1696486</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1696486</link>
        <title><![CDATA[A global synthesis of fragipan silicon concentrations and relationships with soil physicochemical properties as a function of soil parent materials]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-01T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Christopher Shepard</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Fragipans are dense, brittle subsurface horizons that restrict root growth and limit water-holding capacity. A common factor in these soils is a binding agent, potentially either phyllosilicate clay bridging, amorphous aluminosilicate/silica, or silica sorbed to Fe oxides. Others have suggested that no binding agent is present within these soil horizons and that the arrangement of individual particles is solely responsible for these horizons. In this article, a secondary data synthesis was utilized to demonstrate that silicon (Si) accumulation is a key pedogenic process in loess-derived fragipan horizons, but not in all fragipans. The average dithionite-extractable Si (Sid) content of non-fragipan (n = 483) and fragipan (n = 175) horizons was significantly different, with average values of 0.88 ± 0.54 (μ±1σ) and 1.29 ± 0.97 g Si kg soil-1, respectively. When considering differences within parent materials, loess-derived fragipans exhibited significantly greater Sid than non-fragipan loess-derived horizons. With depth, a consistent increase in Sid values was found in the zone of the loess-derived profiles that coincided with fragipan horizons. Silica molar ratios of dithionite-extractable oxides (e.g., Sid/Ald and Sid/Fed) also generally followed these same results. Additionally, a significant relationship between Sid and exchangeable Mg was present across all parent materials. This relationship had been previously observed but was discounted as an important feature of fragipan horizons. The results of this synthesis suggested otherwise and pointed to a shared source of both exchangeable Mg and Si, potentially due to the greater presence of smectitic clays in these horizons or Mg aiding electrostatic bridging between reactive Si surfaces, among several other hypotheses. Furthermore, Sid, Sid/Ald, and Sid/Fed were related to clay content and the ratio of silt-to-clay content, which is likely because the silt and clay fractions are the source of the Si, Al, and Fe released in these extractions. This data synthesis suggested that Si accumulation may be common in loess-derived fragipans, but not in all fragipans, and that observing Si accumulation in fragipans is dependent on parent material.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1804984</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1804984</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Biochar and hydrochar from agro wastes: technological pathways, characteristics, and advances in soil amendment]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-27T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>David Antonio Buentello-Montoya</author><author>Ivanna Robledo-Hernández</author><author>Andrew Sebastián Larrea-Cedeño</author><author>Christian Enrique García-García</author><author>Karina Guadalupe Coronado-Apodaca</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The increasing generation of agro waste presents major environmental and management challenges, driven by improper disposal practices that contribute to soil degradation, pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions. Among available waste valorization pathways, thermochemical and hydrothermal conversion technologies enable the production of biochar and hydrochar with significant potential for soil amendment and carbon sequestration. This review focuses on the production and application of biochar and hydrochar derived from agro waste for soil amendment. The characteristics of agro waste are discussed in relation to their suitability for thermochemical and hydrothermal conversion; the physicochemical properties of biochar and hydrochar are discussed with respect to surface chemistry, stability, nutrient retention, and environmental performance. Recent advances in soil application are reviewed, highlighting effects on soil physicochemical properties, microbial biomass, crop productivity, pollutant immobilization, and carbon sequestration. Overall, biochar generally exhibits superior stability, surface area, and soil amendment performance compared to hydrochar; however, it is not suitable for all biomasses, particularly wet residues or sludges. In contrast, hydrochar can be effectively upgraded through post-treatments such as washing or secondary pyrolysis, enabling competitive soil amendment performance. Challenges for both chars include feedstock heterogeneity, scalability, long-term environmental impacts, and standardization for carbon accounting. Addressing these issues is critical to align agro waste–derived biochar and hydrochar with climate mitigation and net-zero targets.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1772361</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1772361</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Maize growth benefited by biochar and Azospirillum brasilense inoculation in subtropical soil]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-12T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Igor Polla Marcelino</author><author>Marcio Antônio Nogueira Andrade</author><author>Guilherme Wilbert Ferreira</author><author>Lucas Raimundo Rauber</author><author>Luis Fernando Knoth</author><author>Marcelo Godinho</author><author>Cláudio Roberto Fonsêca Sousa Soares</author><author>Marisa de Cássia Piccolo</author><author>Hamilton César de Oliveira Charlo</author><author>José Luiz Rodrigues Torres</author><author>Cledimar Rogério Lourenzi</author><author>Arcângelo Loss</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Use of biochars as a nutrient source and inoculation of plants with plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) have been studied, but the interaction between different biochars and these bacteria remains poorly explored, especially in subtropical soils with low natural fertility. This study evaluates whether swine digestate biochar (BD) and poultry litter biochar (BC), alone or combined with A. brasilense inoculation, can partially substitute liming and soluble NPK fertilization under short-term greenhouse conditions in maize cultivation in a low-fertility Ultisol. The study was conducted in 8 L pots, in a greenhouse, using samples of a Ultisol, in a randomized block design with a 4 × 2 factorial scheme. Treatments consisted of nutrient sources: 1-BD; 2-BC; 3-liming and NPK; and 4-control; and the presence or absence of A. brasilense inoculation on the heirloom maize seeds. Biomass, accumulation of C, N, and S in biomass, SPAD index, stem diameter, chlorophyll, and carotenoids were evaluated in maize plants. After cultivation, the soil was evaluated for pH, P, K, Al, Ca, Mg, N, C, and S. Biochars produced responses comparable to the liming + NPK treatment for most of the variables analyzed in this pot expriment. Synergistic responses were observed when inoculation was combined with biochars, although inoculation effects were treatment-dependent; for stem diameter, responses varied with nutrient source and sampling date, with the clearest endpoint increase observed in BC. In the BC and BD treatments, inoculation was associated with marked reductions in exchangeable Al and increases in cation exchange capacity and base saturation. Additionally, inoculation increased the availability of K in BC and P in BD, indicating treatment-specific shifts in nutrient availability associated with inoculation. In contrast, in the NPK and Control treatments, the predominant effect of inoculation was the mobilization of Al, raising exchangeable Al and Al saturation to potentially toxic levels (above 34%). Overall, our results suggest that inoculation with A. brasilense in acidic soils may benefit from the concurrent use of an amendment that mitigates Al toxicity (e.g., biochar), thereby reducing the risk of Al mobilization observed in unamended treatments. We conclude that these manure-derived biochars—especially when combined with A. brasilense inoculation—represent a promising strategy to reduce reliance on liming and highly soluble fertilizers in the short term under controlled conditions, warranting field-scale and longer-term validation before agronomic recommendations can be made.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1729512</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1729512</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Effects of shrimp aquaculture on mangrove soil carbon stocks and sustained-flux global warming potentials]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-06T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>N. Fenner</author><author>E. Hayward</author><author>B. Bovard</author><author>S. Creer</author><author>C. Dunn</author><author>C. Freeman</author><author>N. Milner</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Mangroves provide a multitude of ecosystem services, including storing up to ca. 20 Pg of carbon. Aquaculture driven mangrove degradation results in significant carbon losses associated with forest clearance, drainage, and the removal of surface soils. However, uncertainties exist regarding the magnitude of loss due to environmental factors, land use, study type and aquacultural practices. Sustained-flux Global Warming Potentials (SGWP) during construction, operation and abandonment phases is understudied. Here we used a microcosm simulation in order to better constrain carbon loss pathways and SGWP, inform management practices and highlight knowledge gaps. Biogeochemical emissions during culture and abandonment added ca. 25%, suggesting the impact of aquaculture is underestimated. However, soil removal during construction dominated emissions (ca. 75%). Thus, long operation duration and re-use of ponds would reduce emission factors, and the fate of removed soils is suggested as a priority for research. Extrapolation suggests emissions could be important for national and regional carbon accounting, but also in relation to global climate mitigation, given the potential for significant underestimates of the impact of aquaculture on mangrove ecosystems.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1778603</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1778603</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Effects of different remediation agents on soil herbicides, microbial community structure and tobacco leaf quality]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-05T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Junyi Gao</author><author>Qinglong Shu</author><author>Furong Liu</author><author>Yuqing Xiang</author><author>Zonghu Shen</author><author>Liangrui Peng</author><author>Caibin Li</author><author>Jianguo Chen</author><author>Leilei Li</author><author>Xue Liu</author><author>Xiwen Sun</author><author>Jiguang Zhang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Atrazine and quinclorac are commonly used herbicides in flue-cured tobacco preceding crops in Southwest China. Their residues often damage subsequent tobacco crops, seriously affecting their normal growth and development. Soil remediation could directly or indirectly regulate the degradation of herbicides by affecting soil physicochemical properties and soil microbial community activity. In this study, we analyzed the degradation characteristics of two high-risk herbicides in local tobacco soil and their effects on tobacco growth and development through a field trial in Bijie Guizhou, Southwest China. We applied three different soil remediations (biochar, quicklime, and shell powder) at the same dosage of 1.5 t/ha. The results show:the growth potential of tobacco in the biochar treatment was the best, with the degradation rate of atrazine reaching 90.22% and that of quinclorac reaching 69.10%. All remediations improved the structure and diversity of the soil bacterial community. The biochar treatment significantly enhanced the regulatory and restoration capacity of the soil microbial environment. Moreover, both biochar and lime have positive effects on improving the soil microbial environment of tobacco fields contaminated by herbicides, providing theoretical and practical guidance for controlling herbicide residues, enhancing tobacco quality and safety, and achieving sustainable production in tobacco fields.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1733653</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1733653</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Effects of amorphous silica on CO2 and N2O emissions mediated by water-filled pore space in diverse agricultural soils]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-03-04T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Peter Onyisi Uhuegbue</author><author>Mathias Hoffmann</author><author>Matthias Lück</author><author>Kathrin Grahmann</author><author>Karsten Kalbitz</author><author>Jörg Schaller</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionSilicon (Si) is abundant in the Earth’s crust; however, its amorphous form (ASi) is often depleted in agricultural soils due to crop uptake and removal with harvest. While ASi benefits plant nutrient uptake and growth, its effects on soil pore characteristics, such as water-filled pore space (WFPS), and regulating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions remain poorly understood. MethodsWe investigated the effect of ASi addition on soil bulk density, WFPS, and subsequent N2O and CO2 emission dynamics in two soil types of differing texture: Luvisols (modest silt and clay) and Arenosols (low silt and clay). In a first experiment (Experiment I), soils were amended with 0% (control), 1%, 5%, and 10% ASi (w/w, relative to soil dry weight) to assess effects on bulk density and WFPS under fixed water input. A second experiment (Experiment II) investigated the effect of 0% (control) and 1% ASi (w/w, relative to soil dry weight) on N2O and CO2 emissions. ResultsThe addition of ASi altered soil bulk density, leading to a decrease in WFPS. This was in particular the case at 10% ASi addition to Luvisols. In Arenosols, WFPS first increased at 1% ASi before finally declining at higher rates as well. In experiment II, 1% ASi addition reduced CO2 emissions in Arenosols by ∼42–45% and N2O by 8%–44%, but increased CO2 in Luvisol by ∼47% and N2O emissions by ∼18–57%. DiscussionThe contrasting responses were texture-dependent, with ASi affecting soil physical properties and associated N2O and CO2 emissions differently in Luvisols and Arenosols, consistent with inferred effects on pore structure and water retention. As these results are derived from controlled incubation conditions using disturbed soil cores under constant temperature and fixed water input, further field-based investigations are needed to assess the in-situ effects of a broader applicability of ASi.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1778591</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1778591</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Soil structural controls on soil retention in karst grasslands with different levels of rocky desertification]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-02-26T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Jiashun Zhu</author><author>Xudong Peng</author><author>Chenxi Yang</author><author>Jun Zang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionGrassland degradation in karst regions is typically characterized by increased bedrock exposure, vegetation fragmentation, and soil structural instability. However, the mechanisms by which these changes affect hillslope erosion resistance remain poorly quantified.MethodsIn this study, natural grassland plots under four levels of degradation, defined by bedrock exposure rates (RER) of 0%, 20%, 40%, and 55%, were selected in representative limestone and dolomite areas in Guizhou Province, China. Undisturbed soil samples from the 0∼20 cm layer were collected for aggregate stability tests and undisturbed soil scouring experiment. Using 9 diagnostic indicators of soil structural function, the effects of degradation on soil retention capacity were quantitatively assessed.ResultsThe results showed that with increasing RER, the proportion of macroaggregates (>2 mm) decreased by 31.6%, and mean weight diameter (MWD) declined by 58.3%. Relative dispersion index (RSI) and relative mechanical Breakdown index (RMI) increased to 1.96 and 2.21, respectively, with the most severe structural breakdown occurring under fast wetting conditions. In the scouring experiments, sediment concentration peaked at 1.8 g/min within the first minute in the 55% RER plots, significantly higher than in the 0% RER plots. Meanwhile, the soil resistance coefficient declined by more than 50%. Composite functional evaluation revealed that MWD, RSI, Anti-scourability coefficient (AS), and root surface area were the most sensitive indicators across degradation levels. Limestone grassland (LG) demonstrated stronger performance in maintaining structural integrity and erosion resistance compared to Dolomite grassland (DG).DiscussionThese findings provide a scientific basis for identifying early warning signs of erosion resistance loss and offer theoretical support for ecological restoration and degradation threshold identification in karst grassland ecosystems.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1710127</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1710127</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Geospatial distribution of cadmium in soil profiles of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) plantations in the Peruvian Amazon basin]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-02-25T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Geomar Vallejos-Torres</author><author>Rodolfo Chuchon-Remon</author><author>Nery Gaona-Jimenez</author><author>César Marín</author><author>Juancarlos Cruz</author><author>Richard Solórzano</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionCacao plants can translocate heavy metals from the soil to vegetative tissues, potentially leading to concentrations that exceed maximum permissible limits. This study aimed to analyze the geospatial distribution of cadmium (Cd) in soil profiles of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) plantations in the Amazon basin of Peru. MethodsThe research was conducted in the localities of Jeberillos, Arahuante, and Luz del Oriente, within the department of Loreto. In each locality, 10 plots of 100 m2 were selected, totaling 30 plots. Cd concentrations and physicochemical soil parameters were evaluated. ResultsIn cacao soils from Luz del Oriente at 0–30 cm depth, Cd concentrations averaged 1.11 ± 0.26 mg.kg-1, representing the highest values; whereas the lowest average was recorded in Arahuante at the same depth, with 0.61 ± 0.15 mg.kg-1. Cd levels in Luz del Oriente cacao soils (0–30 cm) were above the average among all localities, while Jeberillos and Arahuante soils showed comparatively lower Cd levels. DiscussionOverall, Cd in cacao soils was found to be strongly associated with edaphic factors such as pH, texture, effective cation exchange capacity (CEC), and cation composition. The maps represented the spatial distribution of the metal and guided the identification of potential accumulation zones. These findings provide essential insights for guiding agricultural management decision-making, environmental monitoring, and metal contamination risk assessment in cacao-growing areas and other agrarian systems in the Peruvian Amazon basin.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1741098</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1741098</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Enhancing stability of sandy, clayey, and silty soils through microbial biostabilization with Sporosarcina pasteurii]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-02-20T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Diana Jumbo-Flores</author><author>Nancy Tillaguango</author><author>Karlo Guerrero</author><author>Eduardo Moncayo</author><author>Karla Vizuete</author><author>Alexis Debut</author><author>Stefany Solano-González</author><author>Armstrong Omoregie</author><author>Paulina Aguirre</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionSoil degradation and landslide susceptibility represent major environmental challenges in steep terrains affected by inadequate soil management. Microbial-induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) has emerged as a promising bio-based technique to improve soil stability; however, comparative evaluations across different soil textures remain limited.MethodsThis study investigates the application of MICP using Sporosarcina pasteurii to improve sandy, silty, and clayey soils collected from active slopes in Loja, Ecuador. Physicochemical, microstructural, and geomechanical properties were evaluated before and after treatment using carbonate quantification, ion exchange analysis, Atterberg limits, direct shear tests, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.ResultsCalcium carbonate precipitation was detected in all soil types, with higher accumulation in finer-textured soils. Exchangeable calcium increased markedly, while sodium decreased in sandy and clayey soils, indicating ion exchange associated with carbonate cementation. The plasticity index decreased in all soils, with reductions of up to ∼65% in clayey samples. Geomechanical testing showed consistent improvements, with cohesion increasing by approximately 25–35% in sandy and clayey soils and exhibiting a pronounced relative increase in silty soils. The internal friction angle increased by approximately 30–100%, depending on soil texture. Microstructural analyses confirmed the formation of calcite and vaterite bridging soil particles.DiscussionUnlike most previous MICP studies focused on a single soil type, this work demonstrates that soil texture strongly governs both the magnitude and mechanisms of MICP-induced improvement. The results support the potential of MICP as a sustainable and environmentally friendly strategy for near-surface slope stabilization in heterogeneous natural soils.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1779574</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1779574</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Effects of straw return on cadmium mobilization in paddy soils and its subsequent accumulation in rice grains: a meta-analysis]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-02-18T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Aikui Guo</author><author>Hongfang Ren</author><author>Xingyu Hao</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Straw return is widely promoted as a sustainable practice to improve soil fertility and reduce residue burning, yet its influence on cadmium (Cd) mobilization and rice grain contamination remains controversial. Here, we conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of 35 peer-reviewed studies encompassing 414 paired observations to quantitatively evaluate the effects of straw return on soil Cd availability and accumulation in rice tissues. Overall, straw return significantly increased soil available Cd by 12.7% (95% CI: 8.0%–16.7%) and total Cd by 7.7% (95% CI: 3.5%–12.0%) relative to no-straw controls, accompanied by elevated soil organic matter (+12.3%) and pH (+1.8%). Subgroup analyses revealed that initial soil pH was the dominant moderator regulating Cd mobilization, with the strongest enhancement of available Cd occurring under acidic conditions (pH < 6.5) and weakening progressively as pH increased. Straw type also exerted a pronounced influence: rice straw markedly increased both available Cd (+20.0%) and total Cd (+10.1%), whereas wheat and rapeseed straw showed negligible effects, likely attributable to the higher Cd content and slower decomposition rate of rice straw. Furthermore, soil available Cd was positively correlated with Cd concentrations in grain (p < 0.001), straw (p < 0.01), and roots (p < 0.001), whereas total Cd showed no significant association, underscoring the greater relevance of bioavailable fractions for predicting plant uptake. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that straw return may act as a Cd risk amplifier in contaminated and acidic paddy soils, emphasizing the necessity of site-specific straw management strategies to ensure food safety and sustainable rice production.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2025.1677426</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2025.1677426</link>
        <title><![CDATA[An integrated novel triangulation framework for monitoring ecosystem health and sustainability under regenerative landscapes]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-02-18T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Pavan Kumar Yeggina</author><author>Ajay Kumar Mishra</author><author>Kranthi Kumar Challa</author><author>Piyush Kumar Maurya</author><author>Manas Ranjan Sahoo</author><author>Mayank Sharma</author><author>Jasmer Dhingra</author><author>Amit Kumar Srivastava</author><author>Sheetal Sharma</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Accelerated climate change and unsustainable agricultural practices have intensified greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and degraded soil health, particularly in intensively cultivated landscapes. This study presents an integrated geospatial and biophysical triangulation framework to monitor ecosystem health and sustainability in the rice-based systems of Chhindwara district, Madhya Pradesh, India. The objectives were to evaluate GHG emissions, assess land use change, analyze soil health, and identify socio-economic drivers influencing agricultural sustainability under a regenerative agriculture (RA) paradigm. A combination of high-resolution satellite imagery, field-based soil sampling (n = 430), socio-economic surveys, and carbon stock modeling using the InVEST tool was employed. Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) changes over a decade (2011–2021 years) were mapped using Random Forest classification. GHG emissions were estimated using the Cool Farm Tool, while Water Use Efficiency (WUE) and biodiversity indices were evaluated across villages and seasons. In Sausar, there was a 4.6% decrease in agricultural area, a 6.6% rise in dense vegetation, and noticeable soil degradation. Mokhed had a higher soil organic content (1.07%) than Sausar (0.51%), and its carbon stocks were higher (13–35 Mg C/ha) than Sausar’s (7–13 Mg C/ha). Furthermore, Mokhed’s GHG emissions during the Kharif season were much greater at 4,000 kg CO2 eq/ha than those during the Rabi season, which were just 1,500 kg CO2 eq/ha. WUE varied by season and crop, with Rabi vegetables achieving the maximum WUE at 10.4 kg/ha-mm and cotton demonstrating the lowest efficiency at 1.4 kg/ha-mm in Kharif, underscoring the potential of targeted interventions. The framework demonstrated that integrating geospatial, biophysical, and socio-economic data provides actionable insights for climate-resilient agriculture. The findings support landscape-level planning for soil restoration, GHG emission mitigation, and sustainable intensification in rainfed regions to escalate RA transitioning and benefits for the local communities.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1681958</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1681958</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Effects of organic fertilizers on soil properties in arid zones and their mechanism of action]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-02-11T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Qi Liu</author><author>Lili Yang</author><author>Long Ma</author><author>Yunlong Zhai</author><author>Desheng Wang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[China’s arid and semi-arid regions, encompassing approximately half of the nation’s landmass, exhibit notably poor soil quality compared to other regions. The application of organic fertilizers stands out as a crucial strategy for enhancing soil characteristics, boosting crop yields, improving agricultural product quality, and fostering environmental sustainability in these areas. This practice represents a primary avenue for enhancing cultivated land quality, remediating saline-alkali soil, reducing reliance on chemical fertilizers, and promoting sustainable agricultural practices in China. Organic fertilization plays a pivotal role in advancing the quantity and quality of cultivated land, serving as a key component of the ecological “trinity” protection system. Nevertheless, the diverse array of organic fertilizers available yields varying effects on soil and crops. Overall, the application of organic fertilizers tends to decrease soil pH (especially for initially alkaline soils), with an average reduction of 0.21 units, among which the pH improvement effects on saline-alkaline soils and gray desert soils are particularly prominent; the increase in soil organic carbon (SOC) ranges from 3.82% to 113.3%; it can increase soil electrical conductivity by 18%–35%, and exhibits significant improvement effects on soil bulk density (with an average reduction of 5.2%–22%) and aggregate structure (with an average increase of 49.95%–61.67% in mean weight diameter, MWD); notably, effects such as pH regulation, SOC enhancement, and bulk density reduction are closely related to the type and application rate of organic fertilizers. For crops, the sole application of organic fertilizers can already increase yields, but the combined application of organic fertilizers yields a more significant yield-increasing effect (with an increase range of 4.31%–123.3%). Consequently, this study synthesizes cuttingedge research on organic fertilizers, with a specific focus on their impact on arid soil and underlying mechanisms. By offering theoretical insights, this review aims to inform the judicious application of organic fertilizers in arid regions, while delineating future research directions in this critical domain.]]></description>
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